本文選題：阿拉伯學者　切入點：中國經(jīng)驗　出處：《上海外國語大學》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：中國經(jīng)驗是指中國改革開放以來立足中國特殊國情,在探索和實踐中建設(shè)和發(fā)展中國特色社會主義的經(jīng)驗,它既包括中國在發(fā)展中所取得的成就,也包括其中的教訓。隨著中國改革開放取得令人矚目的成就,中國經(jīng)驗研究逐漸成為阿拉伯學者關(guān)注的一個熱點問題。他們基于不同立場,從不同維度認識中國經(jīng)驗,并將中國經(jīng)驗放在國際比較的視野中進行比較分析,試圖探索中國快速崛起的奧秘,分析中國經(jīng)驗的性質(zhì)、內(nèi)涵、特征、意義等,解讀中國經(jīng)驗對于阿拉伯國家復興的借鑒意義,以及中國經(jīng)驗對于國際秩序帶來的變革。阿拉伯學者中國經(jīng)驗研究的觀點中,有些比較客觀,但也有些是片面的甚至錯誤的觀點,容易造成對中國經(jīng)驗的誤讀。因此,本文通過對阿拉伯學者中國經(jīng)驗研究的背景和動因進行梳理和剖析,從而系統(tǒng)地了解阿拉伯學者研究中國經(jīng)驗的背景根源、動因及目的。通過對阿拉伯學者中國經(jīng)驗研究的內(nèi)容進行梳理和評析,有助于厘清阿拉伯學者中國經(jīng)驗研究的視角、觀點,對我們?nèi)嬲J識中國經(jīng)驗具有借鑒意義,更有助于我們從國際視野中審視中國經(jīng)驗。通過對阿拉伯學者中國經(jīng)驗研究的評析,特別是對其中的一些消極觀點和錯誤認識進行深入評析,有助于加深對堅持中國特色社會主義的認識,有助于把握當代中國研究的話語權(quán),并對提升當代中國的國家形象提供重要啟示。通過研究阿拉伯國家借鑒哪些中國經(jīng)驗,有助于在一帶一路戰(zhàn)略下加強中國與阿拉伯國家的合作關(guān)系,互通有無、互相借鑒、優(yōu)勢互補,有助于使阿拉伯國家認同中國經(jīng)驗,提升當代中國的軟實力。本文運用辯證唯物主義和歷史唯物主義的研究方法、文本分析法、比較研究法等方法,研究阿拉伯學者為何研究中國經(jīng)驗,研究中國經(jīng)驗的哪些內(nèi)容,如何評析阿拉伯學者的中國經(jīng)驗研究,以及阿拉伯國家借鑒哪些中國經(jīng)驗等問題。本文主要對以下幾個問題進行了研究:第一,阿拉伯學者研究中國經(jīng)驗的背景和動因。阿拉伯人一直以友好的目光注視著中國,二十世紀五、六十年代,阿拉伯學者開始提出“中國經(jīng)驗”的概念;進入七、八十年代,阿拉伯學者開始探討中國在某一方面的具體政策或做法;在二十世紀九十年代,阿拉伯學者對中國經(jīng)驗的研究逐漸深入;進入二十一世紀后,阿拉伯學者關(guān)于中國經(jīng)驗的研究達到一個全新的高度。中國奇跡的出現(xiàn)、西方民主模式的失靈、中國與阿拉伯世界之間存在相似之處等是阿拉伯學者研究中國經(jīng)驗的重要動因。第二,系統(tǒng)梳理阿拉伯學者中國經(jīng)驗研究的視角及其觀點。阿拉伯學者從經(jīng)濟維度、政治維度、文化維度、社會維度、軍事、外交維度、國際比較視野、中國經(jīng)驗取得巨大成就的原因、中國經(jīng)驗面臨的問題和挑戰(zhàn)、中國經(jīng)驗的未來、阿拉伯國家可否借鑒中國經(jīng)驗等角度來研究中國經(jīng)驗�？梢哉f,阿拉伯學者對于中國經(jīng)驗的研究視角相對比較全面,其認知也相對客觀,但是,總體上對經(jīng)濟維度關(guān)注更多,相對忽視其他維度的關(guān)聯(lián)性。第三,深入評析阿拉伯學者的中國經(jīng)驗研究。關(guān)于中國經(jīng)驗的性質(zhì),阿拉伯學者對中國經(jīng)驗性質(zhì)的認識存在意識形態(tài)偏見,多數(shù)阿拉伯學者受西方理論框架的影響,認為中國引入了市場體制,就不再是純粹的社會主義國家,不承認中國經(jīng)驗的社會主義性質(zhì)。關(guān)于中國經(jīng)驗的特征,阿拉伯學者將漸進式改革、強勢政府、謹慎的政治改革、獨立自主作為中國經(jīng)驗的突出特征。阿拉伯學者對于中國經(jīng)驗特征的認識有其客觀的一面,但也存在一定的局限性,他們忽略了中國經(jīng)驗的實事求是、以民為本等重要特征。關(guān)于中國經(jīng)驗的內(nèi)涵,阿拉伯學者認為“混合經(jīng)濟”、“政治上的中國特色社會主義+經(jīng)濟上的資本主義”、“出口導向型經(jīng)濟”等是中國經(jīng)驗的內(nèi)涵,這種認知帶有片面性,中國經(jīng)驗由于其復雜性,很難以某個簡潔的短語加以概括。關(guān)于中國經(jīng)驗的意義,阿拉伯學者認為中國經(jīng)驗的意義在于對發(fā)展中國家尤其是阿拉伯國家具有借鑒意義、中國經(jīng)驗會給國際秩序帶來變革、中國經(jīng)驗有助于提升中國的軟實力。這些觀點基本是客觀的,中國堅持走和平發(fā)展道路,倡導全球共享,中國經(jīng)驗是多彩世界中的一種發(fā)展模式,為豐富多彩的世界增添了東方文明的色彩。第四,分析阿拉伯國家借鑒哪些中國經(jīng)驗。埃及主要是從吸引外資、中小企業(yè)發(fā)展方面來借鑒中國經(jīng)驗,蘇丹在農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展、工業(yè)化道路方面借鑒中國經(jīng)驗,約旦在政府介入、獨立自主發(fā)展方面借鑒中國經(jīng)驗,阿聯(lián)酋在推動私營部門在發(fā)展中的作用、吸引外資方面借鑒中國經(jīng)驗,沙特在經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型、經(jīng)濟城市建設(shè)方面借鑒中國發(fā)展經(jīng)驗。阿拉伯國家根據(jù)各國的國情,從不同方面吸收借鑒中國經(jīng)驗中有助于其經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的因素,并將其本土化,而非對中國經(jīng)驗的照搬照抄。通過研究,本文得出以下結(jié)論:阿拉伯學者對中國經(jīng)驗的關(guān)注具有一貫性;阿拉伯學者對中國經(jīng)驗的研究總體上是全面的、積極的、客觀的;阿拉伯學者對中國經(jīng)驗性質(zhì)的認識存在意識形態(tài)的偏見;阿拉伯學者對中國經(jīng)驗內(nèi)涵的認識過于簡單化;阿拉伯學者對中國經(jīng)驗特征和意義的認識基本客觀;部分阿拉伯國家借鑒了中國經(jīng)驗。需要指出的是,對于阿拉伯學者關(guān)于中國經(jīng)驗研究的觀點,我們需要從馬克思主義理論和價值觀出發(fā)對其進行深入評析,逐漸構(gòu)建中國經(jīng)驗研究的馬克思主義話語體系。
[Abstract]:China experience since the reform and opening up to Chinese China based on special conditions, construction and development of socialism China characteristics experience in exploration and practice, it includes not only the Chinese in the development of the achievements, including lessons. With the China reform and opening up has made remarkable achievements, research experience Chinese has gradually become a hot issue Arabia scholars. They are based on different positions, understanding Chinese experience from different dimensions, and Chinese experience in the perspective of international comparison in comparative analysis, trying to explore the mystery of the rapid rise of Chinese, analysis of the nature, China experience connotation, characteristics, significance, interpretation of Chinese experience for the Arabia national revival of reference. And change China experience for international order bring. Arabia scholars research experience China's point of view, some of the more objective, but also some Even the wrong one-sided point of view, easy to cause misreading of China experience. Therefore, this paper through the review and analysis of the Arabia scholars research experience China the background and motivation, so as to systematically understand the background of the roots of Arabia scholars Chinese experience, motivation and purpose. The Arabia scholars Chinese content analysis and experience analysis helps to clarify the Arabia scholars research experience China perspective view on our comprehensive understanding of China experience is of great significance, but also help us from the international view China experience. Based on the analysis of Arabia scholars Chinese research experience, especially for some negative views and wrong understanding of the in-depth analysis. Help to deepen the understanding of Chinese adhere to socialism, helps to grasp the contemporary China of discourse, and to promote contemporary Chinese Provide important enlightenment of national image. Through the study of Arabia state from which China experience, help to strengthen the Chinese and Arabia national cooperative relations, in Belt and Road Initiative under the strategy of mutual exchange of needed products to each other, complementary advantages, and helps to make the national identity of Arabia Chinese experience, enhance the soft power of contemporary Chinese. This thesis use the research methods of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, text analysis, research methods, research scholars of Arabia Chinese why study experience, what China research experience, research experience of how to Chinese scholars from Arabia, Arabia and the countries from which Chinese experience and other issues. This paper mainly researches on the following problems: first, the background and motivation of Arabia scholars China experience. The Arabs have been in a friendly gaze Chinese, twentieth Century five, In 60s, Arabia scholars put forward the concept of "Chinese experience"; in seven, 80s, Arabia scholars began to explore China specific policies or practices in one hand; in 1990s, research on the experience of Arabia Chinese scholars gradually; after entering in twenty-first Century, Arabia scholars research on China experience to reach a new height. There China miracle, failure of Western democracy, the similarities between Arabia and Arabia is the world Chinese scholars Chinese the important experience for the system. Second, combing the Arabia scholars research experience and viewpoints. China Arabia scholars from the economic dimension, political dimension, cultural dimension, social dimension, military and diplomatic dimensions the international comparison, reason, Chinese experience has made great achievements, Chinese experience problems and challenges War, Chinese experience in the future, Arabia can learn from the experience of other countries Chinese angle to study the China experience. It can be said that the Arabia scholars research perspective Chinese experience relatively comprehensive, the cognition is relatively objective, but, on the whole economic dimension more attention, relevance of the relative neglect of other dimensions. Third, the research Chinese experience an in-depth analysis of Arabia scholars. On the nature China experience, Arabia scholars understanding of the nature of Chinese experience ideological bias, the majority of scholars in Arabia affected by the framework of western theory, that China introduced the market system, it is no longer purely a socialist country, the socialist nature does not recognize the Chinese experience. On China experience, Arabia scholars will be gradual reform, strong government, cautious political reform, as the independent Chinese. A prominent feature of experience Arab scholars has its objective aspect for understanding the characteristics of the Chinese experience, but also has certain limitation, they ignore the Chinese experience of seeking truth from facts, taking people as an important feature of the present. Chinese content about the experience, Arabia scholars believe that the "mixed economy", "politics of the socialist Chinese + characteristic economy. Capitalism", "export-oriented economy" is the connotation of China experience, this cognitive one-sided, China experience because of its complexity, it is difficult to generalize a simple phrase about Chinese. The significance of the experience, Arabia scholars believe that Chinese experience lies in developing countries especially with reference to Arabia, Chinese experience to change the international order, Chinese experience helps to enhance the soft power of China. These basic views are objective, China stick to the peaceful development road The road, advocating global sharing, Chinese experience is a kind of development pattern and colorful world, add color to the Oriental civilization rich and colorful world. Fourth, analysis of Arabia national reference which is mainly from Egypt. Chinese experience to attract foreign investment, the development of small and medium-sized enterprises to borrow Chinese experience in Sultan agricultural development, from Chinese the experience of industrialization, government intervention in Jordan, from the China experience independent development, in the United Arab Emirates to promote private sector development in the role of reference China experience attracting foreign investment, Saudi Arabia in the economic transition, economic development experience from China city construction. According to the Arabia state national conditions, absorbing the factors contribute to its economy the development of Chinese experience from different aspects, and its localization, instead of Chinese experience copying. Through the research, this paper draws the following Conclusion: Arabia scholars on the Chinese experience consistent; Arabia scholars on Chinese empirical research on the whole is comprehensive, positive, objective; Arabia scholars understanding of the nature of China experience existence ideology prejudice; Arabia scholars on the understanding of the connotation of the China test is too simple; Arabia scholars understanding of Chinese experience the characteristics and significance of the basic objective; Arabia national reference China experience. Need to point out that the Arabia scholars research experience Chinese point of view, we need to carry out an in-depth analysis of Marx from the socialist theory and values, Marx's discourse system gradually built China research experience.

【學位授予單位】：上海外國語大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D61;F124

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