本文關(guān)鍵詞： 中國(guó) 對(duì)外援助 東南亞　出處：《華中師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：21世紀(jì)至今,中國(guó)對(duì)東南亞的援助已經(jīng)走過(guò)了 16年的歷史。2013年中國(guó)提出了“一帶一路”合作倡議標(biāo)志著中國(guó)新的對(duì)外戰(zhàn)略的出爐,中國(guó)對(duì)東南亞的援助步入新的階段。2013年中國(guó)提出“一帶一路”合作倡議之后,中國(guó)對(duì)東南亞援助中在強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)濟(jì)利益的同時(shí)突出其戰(zhàn)略意義。21世紀(jì)中國(guó)對(duì)東南亞援助的主要方式包括成套項(xiàng)目建設(shè)、一般物資援助、技術(shù)合作、人力資源合作、援外醫(yī)療隊(duì)、人道主義援助、援外志愿者、債務(wù)減免、軍事援助等。其中成套項(xiàng)目援助為主要援助方式,人力資源開(kāi)發(fā)合作和技術(shù)合作逐年增多,人道主義援助通常在東南亞發(fā)生嚴(yán)重災(zāi)害時(shí)實(shí)施,軍事援助的份額較少。21世紀(jì)中國(guó)對(duì)東南亞的援助具有以下特點(diǎn):鮮明的時(shí)代特征;在對(duì)東南亞的援助中經(jīng)濟(jì)利益考量仍占主要地位,戰(zhàn)略意義開(kāi)始提升;不附加任何政治條件;軍事援助占比較少;強(qiáng)調(diào)受援國(guó)的能力建設(shè);援助資金來(lái)源逐步多樣化,多邊援助逐漸增多。在動(dòng)機(jī)層面,21世紀(jì)中國(guó)援助東南亞主要包括三個(gè)方面:政治安全動(dòng)機(jī)、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展動(dòng)機(jī)和人道主義動(dòng)機(jī)。本文對(duì)于21世紀(jì)中國(guó)對(duì)東南亞援助的評(píng)價(jià)也基于21世紀(jì)中國(guó)對(duì)東南亞援助的動(dòng)機(jī)分析。在不同的援助階段,中國(guó)的對(duì)東南亞的援助取得了可喜的成果,也存在著缺陷。主要的成就在于:間接消除東南亞恐怖主義的土壤,有效地打擊東南亞的毒品貿(mào)易;建立了自身的朋友圈,提高了自身的國(guó)際地位;樹(shù)立了一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)任的大國(guó)以及好鄰居的形象;拓展國(guó)際市場(chǎng),出口中國(guó)的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù),保證原材料和能源資源的供應(yīng);塑造良好的周邊經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境;傳播了中國(guó)的文化和價(jià)值觀念;增加了中國(guó)在國(guó)際援助體系的話語(yǔ)權(quán);促進(jìn)了東南亞受援國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的發(fā)展,救助了遭受重大災(zāi)難的人民。不足之處在于:中國(guó)自身對(duì)外援助體系的不健全;缺乏國(guó)別性援助政策指導(dǎo),主動(dòng)性不強(qiáng);非政府機(jī)構(gòu)組織在援助中的作用未得到有效發(fā)揮,民間組織參與程度較低;援助透明度不高,易招致國(guó)內(nèi)民眾和外國(guó)政府的批評(píng);不擅于與當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣窈兔襟w處理關(guān)系,公關(guān)能力較弱。針對(duì)中國(guó)援助東南亞現(xiàn)存的問(wèn)題,中國(guó)政府可以采取以下可行性措施:推進(jìn)國(guó)內(nèi)對(duì)外援助的立法工作,加快援外制度建設(shè)步伐;穩(wěn)健發(fā)展中國(guó)對(duì)外援助理論研究;健全對(duì)外援助的決策管理評(píng)估機(jī)制建設(shè);提高援助的透明化,積極與主流媒體和當(dāng)?shù)孛襟w進(jìn)行合作;充分發(fā)揮非政府組織在對(duì)東南亞援助中的作用;加強(qiáng)與多邊組織的合作,注重國(guó)際援助交流;深化在東南亞進(jìn)行援助項(xiàng)目建設(shè)的工作人員培訓(xùn),積極引導(dǎo)中國(guó)海外工作人員與當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣窈徒M織建立和諧的關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:Since 21th century, China's aid to Southeast Asia has gone through 16 years. In 2013, China put forward the "Belt and Road" cooperation initiative, marking the launch of China's new foreign strategy. China's aid to Southeast Asia has entered a new phase, following China's "Belt and Road" cooperation initiative in 2013. China's aid to Southeast Asia emphasizes its strategic significance while emphasizing its economic interests. In the 21st century, the main ways of China's aid to Southeast Asia include complete sets of projects, general material assistance, and technical cooperation. Human resources cooperation, foreign medical teams, humanitarian assistance, foreign aid volunteers, debt relief, military assistance. Cooperation in human resources development and technical cooperation has increased year by year, and humanitarian assistance is usually carried out in times of severe disasters in South-East Asia. China's aid to Southeast Asia in the 21st century has the following characteristics: distinctive characteristics of the times; In the aid to Southeast Asia, the consideration of economic interests still occupies the main position, and the strategic significance begins to rise; No political conditions attached; Less military assistance; Emphasizing capacity-building in recipient countries; China's aid to Southeast Asia in the 21st century mainly includes three aspects: political security motivation. The economic development motive and the humanitarian motive. The evaluation of China's aid to Southeast Asia in 21th century is also based on the motive analysis of China's aid to Southeast Asia in 21th century. China's aid to Southeast Asia has achieved gratifying results, but also has shortcomings. The main achievements are: indirectly eliminate the soil of Southeast Asia terrorism, effectively crack down on the drug trade in Southeast Asia; Established its own Moments, improved its international status; The image of a responsible big country and a good neighbor; Expand the international market, export Chinese products and services, ensure the supply of raw materials and energy resources; Shaping a good surrounding economic environment; Spreading Chinese culture and values; Increased China's voice in the international aid system; It has promoted the economic and social development of the Southeast Asian recipient countries and rescued the people who have suffered great disaster. The shortcomings lie in: the unsound foreign aid system of China itself; Lack of country policy guidance and lack of initiative; The role of non-governmental organizations in aid has not been effectively played, and the participation of civil society organizations is low; Aid transparency is low and vulnerable to criticism from domestic and foreign governments; Not good at dealing with the local people and the media, the public relations ability is weak. In view of the existing problems of China's assistance to Southeast Asia, the Chinese government can take the following feasible measures: to promote domestic and foreign aid legislation. Speeding up the construction of foreign aid system; A theoretical study on the steady Development of China's Foreign Aid; Improve the decision-making management evaluation mechanism of foreign aid; (a) increase the transparency of aid and actively cooperate with the mainstream and local media; To give full play to the role of non-governmental organizations in aid to South-East Asia; Strengthening cooperation with multilateral organizations and focusing on the exchange of international assistance; To deepen the training of staff for aid projects in Southeast Asia and actively guide Chinese overseas staff to establish harmonious relations with local people and organizations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D822.333
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本文編號(hào)：1490018