本文關(guān)鍵詞： 寒區(qū)隧道 水熱力耦合 凍融循環(huán) 數(shù)值分析　出處：《西安科技大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著“一帶一路”戰(zhàn)略的深入實施,越來越多的巖土工程建設(shè)必須在高海拔、嚴寒等極端條件下進行,凍融災(zāi)害是寒區(qū)巖土工程的突出問題。凍融環(huán)境下,巖體骨架、冰晶體、未凍水這三種物質(zhì)在溫度、土水勢、壓力與變形等外界因素作用下,相互運動、遷移、擴散與相變,水熱力狀態(tài)相互耦合、相互影響。因此,從水熱力耦合的角度研究巖土工程結(jié)構(gòu)的穩(wěn)定性具有重要的理論及工程意義。本文以西藏“扎墨”公路嘎隆拉隧道為依托,采用有限單元法,對寒區(qū)隧道圍巖的單應(yīng)力場、溫度場、滲流場進行數(shù)值計算,分析了應(yīng)力和位移、凍深、孔隙壓力和滲流速度的分布規(guī)律;對寒區(qū)隧道圍巖多場耦合問題進行數(shù)值計算,分析了應(yīng)力場、溫度場、滲流場的相互影響及變化規(guī)律。研究表明:由于隧道開挖引起的應(yīng)力重分布,隧道斷面圍巖拱頂下沉,仰拱隆起;隧道周邊圍巖出現(xiàn)季節(jié)性凍融圈,最大凍深出現(xiàn)在拱頂處;最大滲流速度發(fā)生在邊墻墻腳處,開挖斷面附近滲透壓力等位面密集,水力坡降大,對巖體的滲透動水壓力較大;由于埋深較淺,圍巖拱頂區(qū)域受隧道內(nèi)壁和山體表面氣溫雙重影響,凍融破環(huán)極度嚴重;在水熱力耦合的作用下,隧道圍巖凍深減小,位移及應(yīng)力增大;經(jīng)過10年的運營,隧道圍巖拱頂下沉量由0.89mm增大為1.89mm,襯砌的最大拉應(yīng)力從0.4MPa增大到了1.3MPa,可見凍融循環(huán)對圍巖及襯砌力學特性影響較大;在寒區(qū)隧道設(shè)計和施工過程中,必須考慮凍脹力的作用,必須考慮溫度場、水分場和應(yīng)力場的相互影響。為減少寒區(qū)隧道凍融災(zāi)害,應(yīng)在隧道洞口和內(nèi)壁采取良好的保溫措施,減小洞內(nèi)外氣溫與圍巖間的熱交換;結(jié)合注漿堵水、鋪設(shè)防水層、設(shè)置排水邊溝等措施,減小襯砌內(nèi)外側(cè)的熱交換。
[Abstract]:With the further implementation of "Belt and Road" strategy, more and more geotechnical engineering construction must be carried out under extreme conditions such as high altitude, severe cold and so on. Freezing and thawing disaster is a prominent problem in geotechnical engineering in cold region. Rock skeleton, ice crystal and unfrozen water are coupled with each other under the action of temperature, soil water potential, pressure and deformation. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and engineering significance to study the stability of geotechnical engineering structure from the point of view of hydro-thermal coupling. Based on the Kalongla Tunnel of Zamo Highway in Tibet, the finite element method is adopted in this paper. The single stress field, temperature field and seepage field of tunnel surrounding rock in cold region are numerically calculated, and the distribution of stress and displacement, freezing depth, pore pressure and seepage velocity are analyzed. The coupling problem of multi-field in tunnel surrounding rock in cold region is numerically calculated, and the interaction and variation of stress field, temperature field and seepage field are analyzed. The research shows that the stress redistribution caused by tunnel excavation. The tunnel section surrounding rock arch roof subsidence, inverted arch uplift; The surrounding rock around the tunnel appears seasonal freeze-thaw circle, and the maximum freezing depth appears at the vault. The maximum percolation velocity occurs at the foot of the sidewall wall, the osmotic pressure surface near the excavation section is dense, the hydraulic slope is large, and the seepage water pressure on the rock mass is high. Because of the shallow buried depth and the double influence of the air temperature on the inner wall of tunnel and the mountain surface, the freezing and thawing ring is extremely serious in the area of arched roof of surrounding rock. Under the action of hydro-thermal coupling, the freezing depth of surrounding rock decreases and the displacement and stress increase. After 10 years of operation, the tunnel surrounding rock arch roof subsidence increased from 0.89 mm to 1.89 mm, and the maximum tensile stress of lining increased from 0.4 MPA to 1.3 MPA. It can be seen that the freeze-thaw cycle has a great influence on the mechanical properties of surrounding rock and lining. In the course of tunnel design and construction in cold region, the effect of frost heaving force must be considered, and the interaction of temperature field, water field and stress field must be taken into account in order to reduce the freeze-thaw disaster of tunnel in cold region. In order to reduce the heat exchange between the air temperature inside and outside the tunnel and surrounding rock, good insulation measures should be taken at the entrance and inner wall of the tunnel. Combined with grouting water plugging, laying waterproof layer, setting drainage side ditch and so on, the heat exchange between inside and outside side of lining can be reduced.
【學位授予單位】：西安科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U451.2

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