一直以來英國(guó)文官制度都是政治領(lǐng)域研究的一項(xiàng)重要課題,有關(guān)文官制度的著作也很多。而大臣與文官的權(quán)力關(guān)系則是有關(guān)英國(guó)文官制度討論中最具爭(zhēng)議也最難闡釋的問題之一。大臣與文官的關(guān)系是在威斯敏斯特模式下形成的,這一模式下兩者有著互惠合作的權(quán)力平衡關(guān)系,在現(xiàn)實(shí)中,還有其他很多因素也影響著兩者關(guān)系。由于影響大臣與文官權(quán)力關(guān)系的因素很多,本文重點(diǎn)論述對(duì)其影響最顯著的一些客觀因素。英國(guó)大臣與文官之間的關(guān)系對(duì)于政府的順利有效運(yùn)行有著至關(guān)重要的意義,因?yàn)樯鲜鰞烧咴谡邢碛泻艽髾?quán)力。但很多關(guān)于文官與大臣的研究都將兩者分別論述,而沒有聯(lián)系在一起。這種情況在我國(guó)相關(guān)領(lǐng)域尤為明顯。因此,本文試圖從理論及現(xiàn)實(shí)條件下探討大臣與文官兩者關(guān)系,尤其是1970年以來英國(guó)文官制度經(jīng)歷了一系列改革,兩者權(quán)力平衡因此也受到較大影響,不少學(xué)者對(duì)此展開了論述和辯論。本文通過分析討論相關(guān)專家所做的研究,大臣與文官的傳記及自傳,引言和實(shí)例,結(jié)合英國(guó)政府及憲法的構(gòu)建框架,表明在現(xiàn)實(shí)條件及1970年以來的改革影響下,大臣與文官的權(quán)力是比較平衡的。盡管在實(shí)際條件下兩者權(quán)力分配并非固定而嚴(yán)格遵守威斯敏斯特模式的規(guī)定,但即使在最近的改革影響下,兩... 

【文章來源】：上海外國(guó)語大學(xué)上海市 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁數(shù)】：52 頁

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
Acknowledgement
Abstract
摘要
Chapter One Introduction
Chapter Two Power Relationship between Ministers and Civil Servants under the Westminster Mode
    2.1 The Powers and Duties of Ministers
    2.2 The Powers and Duties of Civil Servants
    2.3 Civil Servants as Benevolent Social Guardians
    2.4 The Basic Power Relationship between Ministers and Civil Servants
Chapter Three The Power Balance between Ministers and Civil Servants Achieved in Practice
    3.1 Six Factors that Help to Achieve a Power Balance between Ministers and Civil Servants Practice
        3.1.1 Short Tenure of Ministers
        3.1.2 Ministers’Lack of Expertise
        3.1.3 The Complexity and Size of the Department
        3.1.4 The Workload of Ministers
        3.1.5 Limited Sources of Information
        3.1.6 The Execution of Policies
    3.2 The Subtle and Interdependent Power Balance between Ministers and Civil Servants
Chapter Four New Development in the Power Balance between Ministers and Civil Servants in by Reforms since the 19705
    4.1 An Overview of the Reforms since the 19705 that Affected the Power Balance betwee Ministers and Civil Servants
    4.2 New Changes in the Ministerial-Civil Servants Power Balance Brought in by the Manageria Reforms
    4.3 New Changes in the Ministerial-Civil Servants Power Balance Brought in by Special Advisors
    4.4 The Impact of the Reforms on Ministerial-Civil Servants Relationship
Chapter Five Conclusion
Bibliography



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