1917-1919年美國的對俄政策研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-10 13:29
【摘要】： 從美國建立到19世紀末,美俄之間的關系相對友好,但不密切。19世紀末20世紀初,因為勢力范圍的爭奪,兩國關系惡化。一戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)后,兩國的關系又有所好轉。但是,隨著一戰(zhàn)的持續(xù)進行,俄國的局勢逐漸惡化,美國的對俄政策也陷入困境。 1917年3月,俄國爆發(fā)了二月革命,推翻了羅曼洛夫王朝。美國熱情歡迎俄國民主的到來并加入了一戰(zhàn)。為了對俄國局勢施加影響,美國采取了一定的措施。但是俄國還是出現(xiàn)了美國所不愿看到的局面——十月革命爆發(fā)。為鞏固政權,新生的蘇維埃政府決定退出這場帝國主義戰(zhàn)爭,美國的外交因此陷入了困境——既要阻止俄國退出戰(zhàn)爭,又要堅持反布爾什維克,還要防止日本趁機侵占俄國。美國在經(jīng)歷了觀望、猶豫后,最終走上了武裝干涉俄國的道路。1918年11月,一戰(zhàn)結束,協(xié)約國打敗了同盟國,俄國沒有落入德國之手。但蘇維埃政府逐漸穩(wěn)定、鞏固了政權,并且十月革命的影響傳播到了世界各地。面對棘手的“俄羅斯問題”,美國又調(diào)整了其對俄政策。 本文主要是對1917—1919年的美國對俄政策進行考察,關注政策的形成過程,揭示美國對俄政策的特點,分析其原因,最后論述了威爾遜政府的對俄政策影響。
[Abstract]:From the founding of the United States to the end of the 19th century, the relations between the United States and Russia were relatively friendly, but not close. At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, the relations between the two countries deteriorated because of the struggle for sphere of influence. After the outbreak of World War I, the relations between the two countries improved again. However, with the continuation of World War I, the situation in Russia is gradually deteriorating, and the American policy towards Russia is also in trouble. In March 1917, the February revolution broke out in Russia, overthrowing the Romanov dynasty. The United States warmly welcomed the arrival of Russian democracy and joined the first World War. In order to exert influence on the situation in Russia, the United States has taken certain measures. But there was a situation in Russia that the United States did not want to see-the October Revolution broke out. In order to consolidate the regime, the new Soviet government decided to withdraw from the imperialist war, and American diplomacy was in trouble-not only to stop Russia from pulling out of the war, but also to insist on opposing the Bolsheviks, and to prevent Japan from taking the opportunity to invade Russia. After waiting and hesitating, the United States finally embarked on the path of armed intervention in Russia. In November 1918, at the end of World War I, the allies defeated the allies and Russia did not fall into the hands of Germany. But the Soviet government gradually stabilized, consolidated the regime, and the influence of the October Revolution spread around the world. In the face of the thorny "Russian issue," the United States has adjusted its policy towards Russia. This paper mainly investigates the American policy towards Russia from 1917 to 1919, pays attention to the formation process of the policy, reveals the characteristics of the American policy towards Russia, analyzes its reasons, and finally discusses the influence of the Wilson government's policy towards Russia.
【學位授予單位】：湖南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：K712
本文編號：2496488
[Abstract]:From the founding of the United States to the end of the 19th century, the relations between the United States and Russia were relatively friendly, but not close. At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, the relations between the two countries deteriorated because of the struggle for sphere of influence. After the outbreak of World War I, the relations between the two countries improved again. However, with the continuation of World War I, the situation in Russia is gradually deteriorating, and the American policy towards Russia is also in trouble. In March 1917, the February revolution broke out in Russia, overthrowing the Romanov dynasty. The United States warmly welcomed the arrival of Russian democracy and joined the first World War. In order to exert influence on the situation in Russia, the United States has taken certain measures. But there was a situation in Russia that the United States did not want to see-the October Revolution broke out. In order to consolidate the regime, the new Soviet government decided to withdraw from the imperialist war, and American diplomacy was in trouble-not only to stop Russia from pulling out of the war, but also to insist on opposing the Bolsheviks, and to prevent Japan from taking the opportunity to invade Russia. After waiting and hesitating, the United States finally embarked on the path of armed intervention in Russia. In November 1918, at the end of World War I, the allies defeated the allies and Russia did not fall into the hands of Germany. But the Soviet government gradually stabilized, consolidated the regime, and the influence of the October Revolution spread around the world. In the face of the thorny "Russian issue," the United States has adjusted its policy towards Russia. This paper mainly investigates the American policy towards Russia from 1917 to 1919, pays attention to the formation process of the policy, reveals the characteristics of the American policy towards Russia, analyzes its reasons, and finally discusses the influence of the Wilson government's policy towards Russia.
【學位授予單位】：湖南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：K712
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