近代中日“不在地主”階的比較研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-04-17 06:59
【摘要】：近代中日"不在地主"階層的構(gòu)成成分十分復(fù)雜。按其形成途徑分析,兩國(guó)"不在地主"包括:一般地主移居城鎮(zhèn)轉(zhuǎn)變而成的"不在地主";農(nóng)村地主得到他村土地轉(zhuǎn)變而成的"不在地主";城市工商業(yè)者購(gòu)買(mǎi)農(nóng)村土地轉(zhuǎn)變而成的"不在地主"。其中,一般地主移居城鎮(zhèn)者既有受城鎮(zhèn)的物質(zhì)享受吸引而移居者,也有地主投資工商業(yè),隨著工商業(yè)在其產(chǎn)業(yè)中所占的比重日益加重而移居城鎮(zhèn)者。在兩國(guó)"不在地主"階層當(dāng)中,城市工商業(yè)者購(gòu)買(mǎi)土地轉(zhuǎn)變而成的"不在地主"和一般地主投資城市工商業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)變而成的"不在地主"是最具影響力的重要構(gòu)成部分。近代中日"不在地主"階層的形成過(guò)程、主要活動(dòng)、社會(huì)影響都表現(xiàn)出相似點(diǎn)和不同點(diǎn)。二者的形成過(guò)程的相似點(diǎn)表現(xiàn)為:它們產(chǎn)生于相似的經(jīng)濟(jì)背景下,并受到傳統(tǒng)觀念和重商主義思潮的影響;不同點(diǎn)主要表現(xiàn)為二者形成的主要原因不同。中國(guó)"不在地主"階層形成的主要原因是受到動(dòng)蕩的政治局勢(shì)的影響;日本"不在地主"階層形成的主要原因是,地主階層的投資意向受到明治政府的政策影響而轉(zhuǎn)向工商業(yè)。近代中日"不在地主"階層的主要活動(dòng)也有著異同點(diǎn)。二者的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)相似,但社會(huì)活動(dòng)卻大有不同。中國(guó)"不在地主"不僅對(duì)農(nóng)村社會(huì)做出一系列的經(jīng)濟(jì)投資,還出資支持其公共事業(yè);而日本"不在地主"卻對(duì)農(nóng)村社會(huì)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展乃至公共事業(yè)鮮少做出投資。近代中日"不在地主"階層的社會(huì)影響也有著明顯的異同點(diǎn)。二者都推動(dòng)了各自國(guó)家的近代工商業(yè)的發(fā)展,并使兩國(guó)農(nóng)村社會(huì)的權(quán)力構(gòu)成發(fā)生變化。但二者對(duì)農(nóng)村社會(huì)的投資力度的不同,使他們對(duì)各自的農(nóng)村社會(huì)產(chǎn)生了不同的影響。中國(guó)"不在地主"對(duì)農(nóng)村社會(huì)的積極投資,一定程度上推動(dòng)了農(nóng)村社會(huì)的良性發(fā)展;而日本"不在地主"鮮少對(duì)農(nóng)村社會(huì)做出投資,因而也未對(duì)農(nóng)村社會(huì)的發(fā)展起到明顯的積極作用。
[Abstract]:The composition of the "non-landlords" class in modern China and Japan is very complicated. According to the analysis of the way of its formation, the "non-present landlords" in the two countries include: the "out-of-place landlords", the "out-of-the-way landlords" who have been transformed by the general landlords who moved to the cities and towns; Urban industrial and commercial operators buy rural land converted into "out of the landlord." Among them, the general landlords emigrate not only to the people who are attracted by the material enjoyment of the town, but also to the landlords to invest in the industry and commerce. With the increasing proportion of the industry and commerce in their industries, they emigrate to the towns. In the "out-of-the-way" class in the two countries, the "out-of-the-land landlords" converted from the purchase of land by urban industrial and commercial operators and the "out-of-the-place landlords" transformed by the general landlords investing in urban industry and commerce are the most influential and important components. There are similarities and differences in the formation process, main activities and social influences of the "absent landlords" class between China and Japan in modern times. The similarities in the forming process of the two are as follows: they come into being in the similar economic background and are influenced by the traditional ideas and mercantilist thoughts, and the differences are mainly expressed in the main reasons for the formation of the two. The main reason for the formation of the "absent landlords" class in China is the influence of the turbulent political situation, and the main reason for the formation of the "absent landlords" stratum in Japan is that the landlords' investment intentions are influenced by the Meiji government's policy and turn to industry and commerce. The main activities of the non-landlords in modern China and Japan also have similarities and differences. Their economic activities are similar, but their social activities are quite different. China's "non-resident landlords" not only made a series of economic investment in rural society, but also invested in its public utilities, while Japanese "absent landlords" made little investment in the economic development of rural society and even public utilities. In modern China and Japan, there are obvious similarities and differences in the social influence of the "non-landlords" class. Both of them promoted the development of modern industry and commerce in their respective countries, and changed the power composition of the rural society of the two countries. However, the different investment intensity of the two countries makes them have different influence on their respective rural society. The positive investment in rural society by "non-landlords" in China has promoted the benign development of rural society to a certain extent; However, Japanese landlords rarely invest in rural society, and thus do not play a significant positive role in the development of rural society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延邊大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K31
[Abstract]:The composition of the "non-landlords" class in modern China and Japan is very complicated. According to the analysis of the way of its formation, the "non-present landlords" in the two countries include: the "out-of-place landlords", the "out-of-the-way landlords" who have been transformed by the general landlords who moved to the cities and towns; Urban industrial and commercial operators buy rural land converted into "out of the landlord." Among them, the general landlords emigrate not only to the people who are attracted by the material enjoyment of the town, but also to the landlords to invest in the industry and commerce. With the increasing proportion of the industry and commerce in their industries, they emigrate to the towns. In the "out-of-the-way" class in the two countries, the "out-of-the-land landlords" converted from the purchase of land by urban industrial and commercial operators and the "out-of-the-place landlords" transformed by the general landlords investing in urban industry and commerce are the most influential and important components. There are similarities and differences in the formation process, main activities and social influences of the "absent landlords" class between China and Japan in modern times. The similarities in the forming process of the two are as follows: they come into being in the similar economic background and are influenced by the traditional ideas and mercantilist thoughts, and the differences are mainly expressed in the main reasons for the formation of the two. The main reason for the formation of the "absent landlords" class in China is the influence of the turbulent political situation, and the main reason for the formation of the "absent landlords" stratum in Japan is that the landlords' investment intentions are influenced by the Meiji government's policy and turn to industry and commerce. The main activities of the non-landlords in modern China and Japan also have similarities and differences. Their economic activities are similar, but their social activities are quite different. China's "non-resident landlords" not only made a series of economic investment in rural society, but also invested in its public utilities, while Japanese "absent landlords" made little investment in the economic development of rural society and even public utilities. In modern China and Japan, there are obvious similarities and differences in the social influence of the "non-landlords" class. Both of them promoted the development of modern industry and commerce in their respective countries, and changed the power composition of the rural society of the two countries. However, the different investment intensity of the two countries makes them have different influence on their respective rural society. The positive investment in rural society by "non-landlords" in China has promoted the benign development of rural society to a certain extent; However, Japanese landlords rarely invest in rural society, and thus do not play a significant positive role in the development of rural society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延邊大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K31
【相似文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 張林祥;;“封建社會(huì)”與“地主經(jīng)濟(jì)”[J];甘肅理論學(xué)刊;2007年05期
2 王N災(zāi)，
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