【摘要】：16~18世紀(jì)是英國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型的重要時(shí)期,是英國(guó)崛起的開端,然而其森林覆蓋率卻不斷下滑。這一局面的出現(xiàn)不僅是經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的結(jié)果,也暴露出深層次的政治問題和文化觀念問題,是經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、文化等諸多因素共同作用的結(jié)果。政府的政策導(dǎo)向以及進(jìn)步觀念影響下征服森林的主流價(jià)值觀對(duì)英國(guó)的森林破壞負(fù)有不可推卸的責(zé)任。為了應(yīng)對(duì)森林濫伐導(dǎo)致的木材短缺,英國(guó)一方面將木材壓力轉(zhuǎn)嫁給各殖民地,另一方面提倡植樹造林,森林保護(hù)思想開始萌芽。
[Abstract]:The 18th century was an important period of economic and social transition, the beginning of the rise of Britain, but its forest cover continued to decline. The appearance of this situation is not only the result of economic development, but also reveals the deep-seated political and cultural issues. It is the result of many factors such as economy, politics, culture and so on. The dominant values of conquering forests under the influence of government policy orientation and progressive ideas have an inescapable responsibility for forest destruction in Britain. In order to deal with the timber shortage caused by deforestation, Britain, on the one hand, passed the timber pressure on to the colonies, on the other hand, advocated afforestation, and the idea of forest protection began to sprout.
【作者單位】： 南開大學(xué)世界近現(xiàn)代史研究中心;
【基金】：國(guó)家社會(huì)科學(xué)基金重大項(xiàng)目“環(huán)境史及其對(duì)史學(xué)的創(chuàng)新研究”(項(xiàng)目批準(zhǔn)號(hào):16ZDA122)的階段性成果
【分類號(hào)】：K561
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本文編號(hào)：2456952