【摘要】：19世紀(jì)中后期，也被稱為“鍍金時(shí)代”，美國(guó)完成了一個(gè)農(nóng)業(yè)國(guó)逐漸向工業(yè)國(guó)家過(guò)渡。在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，盡管農(nóng)業(yè)取得了非凡的成就，，但仍然失去了國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)主體的地位，并在發(fā)展中遇到諸多問(wèn)題。東北部是這一時(shí)期工業(yè)化的中心，同時(shí)也成為農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)生劇烈變革的地區(qū)之一。相比陷入困境的西部農(nóng)業(yè)和步履維艱的南部農(nóng)業(yè)，東北部農(nóng)業(yè)體現(xiàn)出了連續(xù)性、系統(tǒng)性和多樣性的發(fā)展特點(diǎn)。其優(yōu)良的耕作傳統(tǒng)和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，城市化帶來(lái)的本地市場(chǎng)的擴(kuò)大，管理、技術(shù)與觀念的革新，以及與工業(yè)化發(fā)展之間形成的良性互動(dòng)，使東北部農(nóng)業(yè)很快適應(yīng)了新的發(fā)展形勢(shì)，并形成了一條獨(dú)特的發(fā)展道路。 在國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者相關(guān)研究的基礎(chǔ)之上，本文通過(guò)對(duì)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)和研究報(bào)告的分析，以歷史學(xué)的視角，借鑒其他相關(guān)學(xué)科的研究方法，從商業(yè)化、資本化和工業(yè)化三個(gè)方面，對(duì)鍍金時(shí)代東北部農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展進(jìn)行研究。本文的正文部分共分為四章。第一章從整體上回顧了19世紀(jì)中后期，美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的基本軌跡，及其向“廣度”和“深度”發(fā)展的主題；分析了美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展在這一時(shí)期出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題；總結(jié)了東北部農(nóng)業(yè)相對(duì)于其他地區(qū)所表現(xiàn)出的獨(dú)特性。第二章著重探討商業(yè)化農(nóng)業(yè)在東北部地區(qū)萌芽和發(fā)展的有利條件；城市化程度的提高帶來(lái)的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)的變化對(duì)商業(yè)化農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的促進(jìn)作用；以及東北部農(nóng)民在思想觀念上對(duì)商業(yè)化農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)理念的接受和認(rèn)可。第三章著重分析東北部農(nóng)業(yè)資本化的兩個(gè)過(guò)程，即非農(nóng)業(yè)資本以各種不同的形式對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的滲透過(guò)程；以及農(nóng)業(yè)逐漸擺脫自然經(jīng)濟(jì)屬性逐漸向資本主義性質(zhì)的生產(chǎn)方式過(guò)渡的過(guò)程。第四章則將農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展置于工業(yè)化的背景下，分析工業(yè)化對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的沖擊，農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)地位的衰落，以及農(nóng)業(yè)與工業(yè)兩大產(chǎn)業(yè)之間相互關(guān)系的改變；在研究東北部農(nóng)業(yè)適應(yīng)工業(yè)化發(fā)展的方式和途徑的同時(shí)，也對(duì)“工業(yè)化農(nóng)業(yè)”的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展趨勢(shì)提出初步的見解。
[Abstract]:In the mid-late 19th century, also known as the gilded age, the United States completed a gradual transition from an agricultural country to an industrial one. In this process, agriculture has made remarkable achievements, but still lost its status as the main body of the national economy, and encountered many problems in its development. The northeast was the center of industrialization during this period, and it was also one of the regions where agriculture had undergone drastic changes. Compared with the troubled western agriculture and the struggling southern agriculture, northeast agriculture shows the characteristics of continuity, systematicness and diversity. Its fine farming traditions and infrastructure, the expansion of local markets brought about by urbanization, management, technological and conceptual innovation, and the positive interaction with industrial development have made the northeast agriculture quickly adapt to the new development situation, And formed a unique development path. Based on the relevant research of scholars at home and abroad, this paper, through the analysis of statistical data and research reports, draws lessons from the research methods of other related disciplines from the perspective of history, from three aspects: commercialization, capitalization and industrialization. The development of northeast agriculture in gold plating era was studied. The main body of this paper is divided into four chapters. The first chapter reviews the basic track of American agricultural development in the middle and late 19th century and the theme of its development towards "breadth" and "depth", and analyzes the problems of American agricultural development in this period. This paper summarizes the uniqueness of northeast agriculture relative to other regions. The second chapter focuses on the favorable conditions for the germination and development of commercial agriculture in the northeast, and the promoting effect of the change of market structure of agricultural products on the development of commercial agriculture brought about by the improvement of urbanization degree. And the northeast farmers in the concept of commercial agricultural management concept of acceptance and recognition. The third chapter focuses on the two processes of agricultural capitalization in Northeast China, that is, the infiltration process of non-agricultural capital to agricultural production in various forms; And the process of agriculture gradually getting rid of the nature of the economic attributes of the gradual transition to capitalist mode of production. The fourth chapter puts the development of agriculture in the background of industrialization, analyzes the impact of industrialization on the development of agriculture, the decline of agricultural economic status, and the change of the relationship between agriculture and industry. While studying the ways and ways of the northeast agriculture to adapt to the development of industrialization, it also puts forward some preliminary views on the emergence and development trend of "industrialized agriculture".
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F371.2;K712

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 黃仁偉;;19世紀(jì)上半葉美國(guó)西部土地投機(jī)高潮及其特點(diǎn)[J];東北師大學(xué)報(bào);1992年05期

2 梁茂信;;英屬北美殖民地白人契約工的構(gòu)成與特點(diǎn)[J];東北師大學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2010年05期

3 梁茂信;1860～1920年外來(lái)移民對(duì)美國(guó)城市化的影響[J];東北師大學(xué)報(bào);1997年05期

4 周鋼;;美國(guó)“牧畜王國(guó)”的興衰[J];東北師大學(xué)報(bào);1992年05期

5 潘潤(rùn)涵,何順果;近代農(nóng)業(yè)資本主義發(fā)展的“美國(guó)式道路”[J];世界歷史;1981年01期

6 李存訓(xùn);美國(guó)南北戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)后農(nóng)業(yè)迅速發(fā)展的特點(diǎn)與原因[J];世界歷史;1981年04期

7 張友倫;美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)資本主義發(fā)展道路初探[J];世界歷史;1982年02期

8 黃仁偉;論美國(guó)人民黨運(yùn)動(dòng)的歷史地位[J];世界歷史;1989年01期

9 黃柯可;美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)勞動(dòng)力向城市轉(zhuǎn)移的特點(diǎn)[J];世界歷史;2000年03期

10 孟海泉;內(nèi)戰(zhàn)以后美國(guó)南部的“農(nóng)業(yè)階梯”問(wèn)題[J];世界歷史;2003年01期

本文編號(hào)：2438981