1916年《國家公園局組織法》與美國國家公園管理的體制化
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-03-03 08:58
【摘要】:19世紀(jì)末20世紀(jì)初,一系列國家公園不斷建立的同時(shí),美國內(nèi)政部主導(dǎo)下的國家公園管理面臨諸多問題與挑戰(zhàn)。在此背景下,美國一些民間保護(hù)主義者、聯(lián)邦政府官員等有識(shí)之士開始認(rèn)識(shí)到,必須設(shè)立專門行政機(jī)構(gòu)來改進(jìn)國家公園管理模式。于是,在他們的推動(dòng)下,國會(huì)于1916年通過了《國家公園局組織法》。該法宣告了專門服務(wù)于國家公園管理的聯(lián)邦政府機(jī)構(gòu)——國家公園局的誕生,確立了美國國家公園管理的使命和基本原則,為國家公園體系化發(fā)展和全國性管理政策的形成奠定了法律基礎(chǔ),標(biāo)志著美國國家公園管理體制的初步確立。
[Abstract]:At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, a series of national parks were set up. At the same time, the management of the national parks under the guidance of the Department of the Interior faced many problems and challenges. In this context, some American conservationists, federal officials and other insightful people are beginning to realize that special administrative agencies must be set up to improve the national park management model. So, with their push, Congress passed the Organic Law of the National Parks Authority in 1916. The Act proclaimed the birth of the National Park Service, a federal government agency dedicated to the management of national parks, and established the mission and basic principles of national park management in the United States. It lays a legal foundation for the systematic development of national parks and the formation of national management policy, which marks the initial establishment of the national park management system in the United States.
【作者單位】: 長(zhǎng)春師范大學(xué)歷史文化學(xué)院;
【基金】:教育部人文社會(huì)科學(xué)重點(diǎn)研究基地重大項(xiàng)目“美國公共價(jià)值觀悖論研究”(15JJD770006) 吉林省教育廳“十三五”社會(huì)科學(xué)研究項(xiàng)目“美國國家公園的創(chuàng)建與管理制度的歷史考察”(吉教科文合字[2016]第392號(hào))
【分類號(hào)】:K712.51
本文編號(hào):2433559
[Abstract]:At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, a series of national parks were set up. At the same time, the management of the national parks under the guidance of the Department of the Interior faced many problems and challenges. In this context, some American conservationists, federal officials and other insightful people are beginning to realize that special administrative agencies must be set up to improve the national park management model. So, with their push, Congress passed the Organic Law of the National Parks Authority in 1916. The Act proclaimed the birth of the National Park Service, a federal government agency dedicated to the management of national parks, and established the mission and basic principles of national park management in the United States. It lays a legal foundation for the systematic development of national parks and the formation of national management policy, which marks the initial establishment of the national park management system in the United States.
【作者單位】: 長(zhǎng)春師范大學(xué)歷史文化學(xué)院;
【基金】:教育部人文社會(huì)科學(xué)重點(diǎn)研究基地重大項(xiàng)目“美國公共價(jià)值觀悖論研究”(15JJD770006) 吉林省教育廳“十三五”社會(huì)科學(xué)研究項(xiàng)目“美國國家公園的創(chuàng)建與管理制度的歷史考察”(吉教科文合字[2016]第392號(hào))
【分類號(hào)】:K712.51
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