【摘要】： 明治政府建立之初,宣布要“求知識于世界”,表明了向西方資本主義強國學習的意向,并將“文明開化”定為三大基本國策之一加以推行。在向西方學習的過程中,明治初年的“文明開化”在鹿鳴館時代(1883-1887)達至頂峰。鹿鳴館時代,又稱歐化時代,是井上馨外相推行“鹿鳴館外交”的產物。井上馨認為,要實現(xiàn)修改不平等條約,就必須使日本先成為“歐化新帝國”,并以此為出發(fā)點推行積極的歐化政策。這一歐化政策在伊藤博文首相的大力支持下,愈演愈烈,從而日本舉國上下掀起了歐化的時代風潮。 國內雖有關于鹿鳴館時代歐化風潮的研究論述,但并不多見,多為涉及到這一問題的零散研究。而且,這些零散的研究也多是集中于批判其為庸俗的歐化,忽略其積極性的一面。本論文通過充分挖掘原始文獻資料,對此問題展開了較為詳細的研究,并探尋了鹿鳴館時代歐化所存在的積極意義。 本文主要分為三個部分展開論述。第一部分簡單介紹鹿鳴館時代歐化風潮展開的歷史背景,即明治初年的文明開化和“鹿鳴館外交”;第二部分重點論述了鹿鳴館時代歐化風潮的表現(xiàn),即在井上馨、伊藤博文的歐化政策推動下,日本舉國上下的歐化風潮概況,并分析了社會生活中涌現(xiàn)的各種改良論等。根據客觀的歷史資料進行推斷,可以認為這一風潮具有“政府主導型”和“全盤歐化型”的特點;第三部分論述了鹿鳴館時代歐化風潮的式微和影響。隨著“鹿鳴館外交”的失敗以及明治20年代平民主義和國粹主義的登場,鹿鳴館時期的歐化風潮漸漸式微。這一時期的歐化風潮在開啟民智、促進社會文化發(fā)展及修改不平等條約方面起到了一定的積極作用,它并非一無是處。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the Meiji government's establishment, it announced that it wanted to "seek knowledge in the world", which indicated the intention of learning from the western capitalist powers, and made "civilization and civilization" one of the three basic state policies to be carried out. In the course of learning from the West, the civilisation of the early Meiji period reached its peak in the age of Luming House (1883-1887). The era of Luming Hall, also known as Europeanization era, is the result of Foreign Minister Inoue's implementation of "Luming Guandian diplomacy". Inoue believes that in order to amend the unequal treaties, Japan must first become a "new Europeanization empire" and take this as a starting point to carry out an active Europeanization policy. With the strong support of Prime Minister Ito, the Europeanization policy became more and more intense, which caused a trend of Europeanization in Japan. Although there are some researches on the Europeanization trend in the period of Luming Guanzhou, there are few studies, most of which are scattered researches concerning this issue. Moreover, these scattered studies focus on criticizing the Europeanization of vulgarity and neglecting its positivity. By fully excavating the original literature, this paper makes a detailed study of this problem and explores the positive significance of Europeanization in the era of Luming Hall. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part briefly introduces the historical background of the Europeanization trend in the period of Luming Hall, that is, the civilization in the early years of Meiji and "the diplomacy of the Luming Hall". The second part focuses on the performance of the Europeanization trend in the period of Luming Hall, that is, the Europeanization tide of Japan promoted by Inoue Shangxin and Ito Bowen, and the analysis of all kinds of improvement theories emerging in the social life and so on. According to the objective historical data, it can be concluded that this trend has the characteristics of "government leading" and "overall Europeanization". The third part discusses the decline and influence of the Europeanization trend in the period of Luming Guanzhou. With the failure of "Luyingguan diplomacy" and the emergence of populism and populism in the Meiji's 1920s, the Europeanization trend gradually declined. The trend of Europeanization in this period played a positive role in opening up people's wisdom, promoting social and cultural development and revising unequal treaties.
【學位授予單位】：東北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：K313.4

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本文編號：2421194