【摘要】： 1846—1848年美墨戰(zhàn)爭,在美國和墨西哥兩國歷史發(fā)展中都占有重要地位。本文主要探討這場戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)的原因,戰(zhàn)爭經(jīng)過以及戰(zhàn)爭對兩國造成的影響。 本文第一章主要介紹美墨戰(zhàn)爭的背景。獨立后的墨西哥,政治局勢動蕩不安,被戰(zhàn)爭所破壞的國民經(jīng)濟在獨立后發(fā)展十分緩慢,加上墨西哥政府對北部邊疆地區(qū)控制的薄弱,這些都為美國的入侵提供了便利條件。而同一時期的美國,在經(jīng)濟上卻在闊步前進,無論是北部的資本主義工業(yè),還是南部的種植園經(jīng)濟都獲得了快速地發(fā)展。隨著經(jīng)濟發(fā)展,美國對外擴張步伐也在不斷加快,尤其是南方的種植園主,為了自身經(jīng)濟和政治利益,更是極力要求對外擴張。與此相適應(yīng),19世紀上半期,以“天定命運”為代表的擴張思潮更是甚囂塵上,為美國的對外擴張作了充分的思想準備。 第二章主要是介紹作為美墨戰(zhàn)爭導(dǎo)火線的得克薩斯獨立和兼并,以及1846——1848年美墨戰(zhàn)爭的具體過程。從中可以明顯看出,這是一場以強欺弱的侵略和掠奪性戰(zhàn)爭。 第三章主要是介紹這場戰(zhàn)爭對美墨兩國所產(chǎn)生的不同影響。美國作為這場戰(zhàn)爭的贏家,戰(zhàn)爭中所掠奪的大片土地及土地上的資源,有力地推動了美國資本主義經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展。但領(lǐng)土擴張也激化了兩種經(jīng)濟制度的矛盾,引起美國國內(nèi)政治局勢的巨大變化,并最終引發(fā)了美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)。墨西哥作為戰(zhàn)敗國,國土的割讓,資源的喪失,嚴重影響墨西哥以后經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。并且也由此產(chǎn)生了美墨兩國之間在移民等問題上的一系列矛盾。但戰(zhàn)爭也使得墨西哥政局出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)機,保守派和天主教會的反動本質(zhì)進一步暴露,從而引發(fā)墨西哥的政治改革,推動了墨西哥政治民主化進程。對于廣大拉美國家來說,通過這場戰(zhàn)爭,人們也進一步看清了美國《門羅宣言》的本質(zhì)。
[Abstract]:The American-Mexican War of 1846-1848 played an important role in the historical development of both the United States and Mexico. This paper mainly discusses the causes of the outbreak of the war, the course of the war and the impact of the war on the two countries. The first chapter mainly introduces the background of American-Mexican War. After independence, the political situation in Mexico was volatile, the war-ravaged national economy developed very slowly after independence, and the Mexican government's weak control over the northern border areas facilitated the invasion of the United States. At the same time, the United States made rapid economic progress, both capitalist industry in the north and plantation economy in the south. With the development of economy, the pace of foreign expansion of the United States is accelerating, especially the growers in the south, for their own economic and political interests, but also urged to expand abroad. Accordingly, in the first half of the 19th century, the trend of thought represented by "destiny in heaven" was even more arrogant, and made a full ideological preparation for the expansion of the United States abroad. The second chapter mainly introduces the Texas independence and annexation as the fuse of the American-Mexican war, and the concrete process of the American-Mexican war from 1846 to 1848. It is clear from this that this is an aggressive and predatory war of bullying and weakness. The third chapter mainly introduces the different influence of this war on America and Mexico. As the winner of this war, the vast land and land resources plundered by the United States have contributed to the development of the capitalist economy of the United States. But the territorial expansion also intensified the contradiction between the two economic systems, caused the huge change of the domestic political situation in the United States, and finally caused the American civil war. As a defeated country, the ceding of national territory and the loss of resources seriously affected Mexico's economic development. And it also gave rise to a series of contradictions between the United States and Mexico on issues such as immigration. But the war also brought about a change in the political situation in Mexico, and the reactionary nature of the conservative and Catholic Church was further exposed, which led to the political reform in Mexico and promoted the process of political democratization in Mexico. For Latin American countries, through this war, people also further understand the essence of the Monroe Declaration of the United States.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：K712

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 謝萍;1846-1848年美墨戰(zhàn)爭研究[D];江西師范大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號：2393634