【摘要】： 二戰(zhàn)后,遭受戰(zhàn)爭摧殘的法國不可避免的淪為二流國家。重新執(zhí)掌法國的戴高樂將軍以恢復法國的大國地位為天職,推動國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展,維護社會穩(wěn)定的同時,積極調(diào)整對歐政策,推動歐洲聯(lián)合發(fā)展,期望以此帶動法國經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,并以此提高法國的國際地位,而在這一方面政策的實施也就成為戴高樂歐洲聯(lián)合思想的主旨。概括而言:戴高樂的歐洲聯(lián)合思想大體上包括四個方面的內(nèi)容:一是,以推進歐洲聯(lián)合發(fā)展的方式提升法國的大國地位,最大限度維護法國利益;二是,主張在法德和解的基礎(chǔ)上,推動以法德為軸心的歐洲聯(lián)合;三是,秉承積極推進并加入歐洲經(jīng)濟一體化,但并不“融入”的政策,反對國家主權(quán)的轉(zhuǎn)讓;四是,主張法國領(lǐng)導下的從大西洋到烏拉爾山的大歐洲的聯(lián)合。正是基于上述四點,戴高樂開始把世界的目光開始吸引到法國的身上,以此致力于法國國際地位的提高與發(fā)言權(quán)的取得。事實證明,戴高樂的歐洲政策,在一定程度上講,是成功的,影響也是巨大而又深遠的,因為戴高樂所制定的法國對歐政策并不僅僅是自己“一廂情愿”的產(chǎn)物,而是代表了當時大部分法國人的一個夢想,即,恢復法國以往的榮耀,謀求法國以往的大國地位。由此,我們可以看到戴高樂的對歐政策并不僅僅特定時期的產(chǎn)物,而是深植于大部分法國民眾心中的夢想,以此也就可以解釋戴高樂以后法國歷任總統(tǒng)—蓬皮杜、德斯坦、密特朗以及希拉克等--為何在不同程度上都堅持戴高樂的歐洲政策不動搖,即使出現(xiàn)某些具體內(nèi)容的些微不同,但最終還是殊途同歸。
[Abstract]:After World War II, France, devastated by the war, inevitably became a second-class country. General Charles de Gaulle, who has returned to power in France, takes the restoration of France's status as a major power as his natural duty to promote domestic economic development and maintain social stability, and at the same time actively readjust his policies towards Europe and promote the joint development of Europe, in the hope that this will lead to the development of the French economy. In order to enhance France's international status, the implementation of this policy has become the main theme of de Gaulle's European Union. To sum up: Charles de Gaulle's idea of European Union includes four aspects: first, to promote the status of France as a great country in the way of promoting the joint development of Europe, and to safeguard the interests of France to the maximum extent; On the basis of Franco-German reconciliation, we advocate to promote the Franco-German European Union with France and Germany as the axis, and third, to actively promote and join the European economic integration policy, but not to "integrate", and oppose the transfer of national sovereignty. Fourth, advocated the French-led alliance from the Atlantic to the greater Europe of the Ural Mountains. It is based on the above four points that de Gaulle began to attract the world's attention to France in order to improve its international status and gain a voice. Facts have proved that de Gaulle's European policy, to a certain extent, has been successful, and the impact has been enormous and far-reaching, because de Gaulle's policy towards Europe is not just a product of his own "wishful thinking". It represents a dream of most French people at that time, that is, to restore the glory of France and to seek its former status as a great power. Thus, we can see that de Gaulle's European policy is not only the product of a specific period, but also a dream deeply rooted in the hearts of the majority of the French people, thus explaining the French presidents Pompidou D'Estaing after de Gaulle. Mitterrand, Chirac and so on-why, to varying degrees, de Gaulle's European policy remains the same, even if there are some slight differences in content.
【學位授予單位】：中國政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：K565;D856.5

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