近代早期英國高利貸觀念的轉(zhuǎn)變
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-04 18:09
【摘要】： 西歐中世紀的經(jīng)濟在很大程度上受到教會倫理的束縛,天主教教會倫理對經(jīng)濟設置了種種限制,從某種程度上說經(jīng)濟生活在教會的控制之下,隨著商業(yè)的發(fā)展,與教會倫理緊密相關的經(jīng)濟倫理開始發(fā)生變化,人們對教會的種種限制越來越反感,紛紛突破倫理限制追求經(jīng)濟利益。面對這一新形勢,教會內(nèi)部爆發(fā)了激烈的沖突。在沖突中,首當其沖的是高利貸。中古教會內(nèi)部的高利貸之爭通常被認為是資本主義誕生前的陣痛。宗教改革從某種程度上成為這種經(jīng)濟倫理轉(zhuǎn)變的一個契機和轉(zhuǎn)折點。 在西歐,路德首舉宗教改革大旗,提出了因信稱義等一些列的新教教理。對于高利貸,路德并未做出妥協(xié),仍然堅持傳統(tǒng)觀點。但是路德對高利貸觀念的轉(zhuǎn)變起到了間接的作用。繼路德之后的加爾文對于高利貸的詮釋成為高利貸觀念改變的轉(zhuǎn)折點。在高利貸觀念轉(zhuǎn)變方面起到了里程碑的作用。在英國,初期的新教在高利貸觀念并不完全認同加爾文,但是清教自身具備與經(jīng)濟獲利氣味相投的個人主義,經(jīng)濟個人主義與當時英國經(jīng)濟形勢變化促使英國高利貸觀念發(fā)生了重大轉(zhuǎn)變。世俗立法對高利貸的規(guī)定使高利貸概念發(fā)生了根本性的變化,完成了由傳統(tǒng)到現(xiàn)在的轉(zhuǎn)變。高利貸的變化,在一定程度上反映了轉(zhuǎn)型時期英國經(jīng)濟倫理的轉(zhuǎn)變。經(jīng)濟倫理領域的變動,為英國商業(yè)文明準備好了道路,這種文明也為后來英國成為強國鋪平了道路。本文試圖通過宗教改革并結(jié)合英國的清教革命來論述近代早期英國高利貸觀念的轉(zhuǎn)變歷程。
[Abstract]:The economy of the Middle Ages in Western Europe was largely constrained by the ethics of the Church. The Catholic Church Ethics imposed various restrictions on the economy. To some extent, the economic life was under the control of the Church, and with the development of commerce, Economic ethics closely related to ecclesiastical ethics began to change. People became more and more disgusted with the restrictions of the church and pursued economic benefits one after another. In the face of this new situation, a fierce conflict broke out within the church. The first to bear the brunt of the conflict was usury. The struggle for usury within the medieval church was often regarded as a pain before capitalism was born. To a certain extent, religious reform has become an opportunity and turning point for this kind of economic ethics transformation. In Western Europe, Luther first raised the banner of religious reform, and put forward some Protestant doctrines, such as the justification of faith. Luther did not compromise on usury, and still stuck to the traditional view. But Luther played an indirect role in changing the concept of usury. Calvin's interpretation of usury after Luther became a turning point in the change of usury. In the concept of usury has played a milestone in the transformation of the role. In Britain, the early Protestants did not fully agree with Calvin on usury, but the Puritans themselves had individualism similar to the smell of economic gain. Economic individualism and changes in the British economic situation at that time led to a major change in the concept of usury. The secular legislation on usury changed the concept of usury fundamentally and changed from tradition to present. The change of usury reflects, to some extent, the transformation of British economic ethics during the transitional period. The changes in the field of economic ethics prepared the way for British business civilization, which paved the way for Britain to become a powerful nation. This paper attempts to discuss the transformation of usury in the early modern times through religious reform and the Puritan Revolution in England.
【學位授予單位】：天津師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：K561.4
本文編號：2310725
[Abstract]:The economy of the Middle Ages in Western Europe was largely constrained by the ethics of the Church. The Catholic Church Ethics imposed various restrictions on the economy. To some extent, the economic life was under the control of the Church, and with the development of commerce, Economic ethics closely related to ecclesiastical ethics began to change. People became more and more disgusted with the restrictions of the church and pursued economic benefits one after another. In the face of this new situation, a fierce conflict broke out within the church. The first to bear the brunt of the conflict was usury. The struggle for usury within the medieval church was often regarded as a pain before capitalism was born. To a certain extent, religious reform has become an opportunity and turning point for this kind of economic ethics transformation. In Western Europe, Luther first raised the banner of religious reform, and put forward some Protestant doctrines, such as the justification of faith. Luther did not compromise on usury, and still stuck to the traditional view. But Luther played an indirect role in changing the concept of usury. Calvin's interpretation of usury after Luther became a turning point in the change of usury. In the concept of usury has played a milestone in the transformation of the role. In Britain, the early Protestants did not fully agree with Calvin on usury, but the Puritans themselves had individualism similar to the smell of economic gain. Economic individualism and changes in the British economic situation at that time led to a major change in the concept of usury. The secular legislation on usury changed the concept of usury fundamentally and changed from tradition to present. The change of usury reflects, to some extent, the transformation of British economic ethics during the transitional period. The changes in the field of economic ethics prepared the way for British business civilization, which paved the way for Britain to become a powerful nation. This paper attempts to discuss the transformation of usury in the early modern times through religious reform and the Puritan Revolution in England.
【學位授予單位】：天津師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：K561.4
【參考文獻】
相關期刊論文 前1條
1 趙立行;論中世紀高利貸禁令及其社會基礎[J];歷史教學;2001年10期
，本文編號：2310725
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