【摘要】：法尤姆地區(qū)位于尼羅河的西岸,是一塊占地面積約12,000平方千米的自然洼地。古埃及第十二王朝統(tǒng)治時(shí)期首次對(duì)該地區(qū)進(jìn)行大規(guī)模的開發(fā),尤其是國(guó)王阿蒙尼姆赫特一世把都城從底比斯遷到法尤姆的入口,建立一座新的城市——伊梯-塔威,從此法尤姆一帶成為全國(guó)的政治中心;進(jìn)而把利希特修建為王室的喪葬地,以河谷為界,南北兩側(cè)各有一座金字塔;拉宏工匠村的形成,為大規(guī)模修建諸多城鎮(zhèn)提供可能。法尤姆地區(qū)的農(nóng)業(yè),依靠著得天獨(dú)厚的自然條件迅速發(fā)展起來(lái),改變了第一中間期以來(lái)的社會(huì)饑饉問題,為國(guó)家稅收提供了保障。在宗教生活中以崇拜鱷魚神為主,鱷魚神與太陽(yáng)神相結(jié)合,成為主神。古埃及第十二王朝對(duì)法尤姆地區(qū)的開發(fā),為中王國(guó)的復(fù)興奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ),也為托勒密王朝的開發(fā)提供了寶貴的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。但是,長(zhǎng)久以來(lái),由于在開發(fā)過(guò)程中忽視了客觀規(guī)律,破壞了法尤姆地區(qū)的自然環(huán)境和生態(tài)環(huán)境,最終導(dǎo)致該地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退。為此,后世在地區(qū)開發(fā)中更應(yīng)重視環(huán)境的保護(hù)。本文由引言、正文和結(jié)語(yǔ)組成。引言主要介紹國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)法尤姆地區(qū)的研究狀況。正文共分為三部分:第一部分:古埃及第十二王朝對(duì)法尤姆地區(qū)開發(fā)的背景研究,主要介紹第十二王朝的政治經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況和法尤姆地區(qū)的自然環(huán)境與人文環(huán)境。第二部分:古埃及第十二王朝對(duì)法尤姆地區(qū)開發(fā)的具體措施研究,分為政治方面為政權(quán)穩(wěn)定而修建的諸多城鎮(zhèn):主要選取了伊梯-塔威、利希特和拉宏工匠村;經(jīng)濟(jì)方面為農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展而興修的灌溉工程;在宗教方面主要是地區(qū)崇拜,修建索貝克神廟。第三部分:開發(fā)法尤姆地區(qū)對(duì)第十二王朝以及托勒密王朝的意義。結(jié)論是總結(jié)古埃及第十二王朝對(duì)法尤姆地區(qū)開發(fā)的作用。
[Abstract]:Located on the west bank of the Nile, Fayoum is a natural depression covering about 12000 square kilometers. During the twelfth dynasty of ancient Egypt, the region was first developed on a large scale, especially when King Amonimheth I moved the capital from Thebes to the entrance of Fayoum, and established a new city, Itith-Tavi. From then on, Fayoum became the political center of the whole country; then Lecht was built as a royal burial ground, bounded by a river valley, with a pyramid on both sides of the north and south. The formation of the village of Rahom made it possible to build many towns on a large scale. The agriculture of Fayoum area, relying on the unique natural conditions, developed rapidly, changed the problem of social famine since the first intermediate period, and provided a guarantee for the state tax. In religious life to worship crocodile god, crocodile god and sun god combined to become god. The development of Fayoum by the twelfth dynasty of ancient Egypt laid a solid material foundation for the revival of the Middle Kingdom and provided valuable experience for the development of the Ptolemy dynasty. However, for a long time, due to ignoring the objective law in the course of development, it destroyed the natural and ecological environment of Fayoum area, and finally led to the economic recession in this area. Therefore, future generations should pay more attention to environmental protection in regional development. This article consists of introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction mainly introduces the research situation of Fayoum area at home and abroad. The text is divided into three parts: the first part: the background study on the development of Fayoum area by the twelfth dynasty of ancient Egypt, mainly introduces the political and economic situation of the twelfth dynasty and the natural and human environment of the Fayoum region. The second part: the study of the concrete measures of the twelfth dynasty of ancient Egypt on the development of Fayoum area, which is divided into many towns built for the stability of the regime in the political aspect: mainly selected the village of Ytiti-Tawei, Lehit and Rahong; Economic irrigation projects for agricultural development; in religion mainly for regional worship and the construction of the Temple of Sobek. The third part: the significance of the development of Fayoum to the twelfth dynasty and Ptolemy dynasty. The conclusion is to sum up the role of the twelfth dynasty of ancient Egypt in the development of the Fayoum region.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K411.2

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本文編號(hào)：2269290