【摘要】：中德易貨貿(mào)易是指20世紀(jì)30年代,在南京國民政府與納粹德國之間,圍繞中國的農(nóng)礦原料與德國的軍工業(yè)品之間進(jìn)行的易貨貿(mào)易。從漢斯·克蘭來華開展工作開始,中德易貨貿(mào)易開始走向規(guī)范化,通過兩國間不斷交涉,顧振代表團(tuán)與德國簽署《德華信用借款合同》作為兩國間的正式合同,中德易貨貿(mào)易逐漸發(fā)展走向成熟,最后因德國承認(rèn)汪偽政權(quán),中德斷交而結(jié)束。兩國間所需商品具有互補(bǔ)性是中德之間能進(jìn)行易貨貿(mào)易的基礎(chǔ),兩國以一種以貨換貨的形式達(dá)成雙方共贏。中德易貨貿(mào)易的商品種類繁多,其中主要以中方的礦石原料(鎢銻礦為主)交換德國的軍工業(yè)產(chǎn)品為主。通過中德易貨貿(mào)易,南京國民政府向德國輸送了大量的鎢銻礦原料,用以購進(jìn)德國的軍火,武裝自己的軍隊(duì)。因?yàn)椴挥弥苯酉虻聡Ц顿徺I軍火的費(fèi)用,南京國民政府可以利用本來用于購買軍火的資金發(fā)展軍工生產(chǎn),提升國民黨軍隊(duì)的戰(zhàn)斗實(shí)力。除了與德國易貨換取軍工業(yè)品,南京國民政府還與德國簽訂了一系列開展中國重工業(yè)與軍事工業(yè)建設(shè)的合約,德方通過向中方提供基礎(chǔ)設(shè)備和技術(shù)支持以換取中方的農(nóng)礦原料。納粹德國與南京國民政府之間通過中國的農(nóng)礦原料與德國軍工業(yè)品易貨而建立起兩國間的軍事文化交流。中德易貨貿(mào)易是近代中國南京國民政府與納粹德國為尋求自身的軍事發(fā)展而選擇的貿(mào)易方式,它對(duì)兩國的軍事發(fā)展都有著深刻的影響。南京國民政府通過中德易貨貿(mào)易獲得了大量的德國軍火,武裝了一批精銳部隊(duì),提升了戰(zhàn)斗實(shí)力,在抗戰(zhàn)初期對(duì)日作戰(zhàn)中發(fā)揮了積極作用;簽訂的一系列協(xié)定發(fā)展了軍事工業(yè)建設(shè),提升了近代中國的軍事實(shí)力,推進(jìn)了中國的軍事現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程;推動(dòng)了中國工業(yè)發(fā)展。德國通過中德易貨貿(mào)易獲取了大量急需的軍工原料,解決了擴(kuò)張軍備的需求,同時(shí)為本國的軍工業(yè)品找到廣闊的海外銷售市場(chǎng)。
[Abstract]:Sino-German barter trade refers to the barter trade between the Nanjing National Government and Nazi Germany in the 1930s, which revolved around China's agricultural and mineral raw materials and Germany's military industrial products. As a formal contract between the two countries, Sino-German barter trade gradually developed to maturity and ended with the recognition of the puppet regime in Germany and the break-up of diplomatic relations between China and Germany. Sino-German barter trade has a wide range of commodities, including mainly Chinese ore raw materials (mainly tungsten-antimony ore) for the exchange of German military industrial products. In addition to bartering with Germany for military industrial goods, the Nanjing National Government signed a series of contracts with Germany for the development of China's heavy industry and military industry. The Nazi German government and the Nanjing National Government established military and cultural exchanges between the two countries through the barter of agricultural and mineral raw materials from China and German military industrial products. The choice of trade mode has a profound impact on the military development of the two countries. The Nanjing National Government has acquired a large number of German arms, armed a number of elite troops, enhanced the combat strength, and played an active role in the war against Japan in the early days of the Anti-Japanese War. A series of agreements signed by the Nanjing National Government have developed the military industry. The construction has promoted China's military strength in modern times, promoted China's military modernization process, and promoted China's industrial development. Germany has obtained a large number of badly needed military raw materials through barter trade between China and Germany, solved the demand for expanding armaments, and found a broad overseas market for its military industrial products.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K151

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