【摘要】： 本文通過簡(jiǎn)要回顧19世紀(jì)末、20世紀(jì)初美國的時(shí)代背景,敘述和分析1912年大選的進(jìn)程和特點(diǎn),探討大選結(jié)果對(duì)美國政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)及外交的影響,從而深入認(rèn)識(shí)此次大選的意義。 緒論主要概述大選所處年代的特殊性及在此背景下共和黨和民主黨的不同政治策略,點(diǎn)明研究這一課題的意義,簡(jiǎn)要回顧國內(nèi)外學(xué)術(shù)界的相關(guān)研究,并對(duì)一些基本問題進(jìn)行說明。 第一章主要回顧進(jìn)步主義時(shí)期的美國,介紹和分析1896年美國總統(tǒng)大選的特點(diǎn),同時(shí)對(duì)新國家主義和新自由進(jìn)行敘述和比較,對(duì)德布斯領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的社會(huì)黨也作了簡(jiǎn)要的介紹,并指出其意義所在。 第二章論述1912年美國大選的進(jìn)程及特點(diǎn),通過對(duì)共和黨內(nèi)部分裂的考察、威爾遜成為民主黨候選人的描述,進(jìn)一步闡明美國的政治特點(diǎn)。本章對(duì)1912年大選中各黨派的政治觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行對(duì)比和分析,最后通過選票的分布來探討美國1912年大選的特殊之處。 第三章分析影響1912年美國大選的各種因素,對(duì)大選所涉及的幾個(gè)重要人物進(jìn)行深層次的剖析,闡述戰(zhàn)后美國黑人的政治狀況并指出由于黨派對(duì)黑人政策的不同,導(dǎo)致黑人將多數(shù)選票投給了民主黨。本章對(duì)進(jìn)步黨的產(chǎn)生及意義也展開進(jìn)一步的分析,并對(duì)美國第三黨的歷史作簡(jiǎn)要的回顧。 第四章考察1912年大選對(duì)美國政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和外交等方面的影響。通過與1896年大選的比較,突出1912年大選與當(dāng)時(shí)美國政治環(huán)境變化之間的關(guān)系及對(duì)美國政治制度的影響。闡述威爾遜上臺(tái)后在政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、外交方面所采取的一系列措施及深遠(yuǎn)意義。 結(jié)語對(duì)全文做簡(jiǎn)要的概括,再次闡明美國1912年大選的特點(diǎn),進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)研究這一課題的重要意義。
[Abstract]:This paper briefly reviews the background of the American era at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, narrates and analyzes the process and characteristics of the 1912 general election, and probes into the influence of the election results on American politics, economy and diplomacy, so as to deeply understand the significance of this election. The introduction mainly summarizes the particularity of the election era and the different political strategies of the Republican Party and the Democratic Party under this background, points out the significance of studying this subject, and briefly reviews the relevant studies in the academic circles at home and abroad. Some basic problems are explained. The first chapter mainly reviews the United States during the progressive period, introduces and analyzes the characteristics of the American presidential election in 1896, at the same time narrates and compares the new nationalism and the new freedom, and also briefly introduces the Socialist Party led by Debs. And points out its significance. The second chapter discusses the process and characteristics of the American general election in 1912. Through the investigation of the internal division of the Republican Party, Wilson becomes a Democratic candidate and further clarifies the political characteristics of the United States. This chapter compares and analyzes the political views of all parties in the 1912 election, and finally discusses the special features of the 1912 election through the distribution of votes. The third chapter analyzes the factors that affect the American election in 1912, analyzes several important figures involved in the election, expounds the political situation of the black Americans after the war, and points out that because of the different policies of the parties towards blacks, That led to a majority vote for the Democrats. In this chapter, the emergence and significance of the Progressive Party are further analyzed, and the history of the third Party of America is briefly reviewed. Chapter four examines the influence of the 1912 election on American politics, economy and diplomacy. Through the comparison with the 1896 general election, the relationship between the 1912 election and the change of the American political environment and its influence on the American political system were highlighted. This paper expounds a series of measures and far-reaching significance in politics, economy and diplomacy since Wilson came to power. The conclusion makes a brief summary of the full text, clarifies the characteristics of the 1912 election, and further emphasizes the importance of studying this subject.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廈門大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號(hào)】：K712.51

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