遠(yuǎn)古西亞與舊大陸整體性研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-28 05:59
【摘要】： 通常世界史研究者只強(qiáng)調(diào)近代以來世界歷史的整體性研究而不重視此前，尤其是上古時(shí) 期世界歷史的整體性問題。這一方面是由于上古時(shí)期離現(xiàn)在年代久遠(yuǎn)，實(shí)物和文獻(xiàn)資料缺乏 ，使研究者對(duì)其整體性難以深入了解;另一方面是受我們眼界和視野的局限，以至于雖然承認(rèn) 上古世界各地區(qū)有一定聯(lián)系和交往，但這種聯(lián)系和交往還不足以對(duì)世界歷史產(chǎn)生影響和促成 世界整體性的形成。鑒于此，本文根據(jù)近年來國內(nèi)外一些新的研究成果和考古發(fā)現(xiàn)，以文明 交往論為指導(dǎo)，，較全面地證明從新石器時(shí)代起，舊大陸主要地區(qū)就已初步形成了整體性格局 。文明交往使上古舊大陸不同文化間和不同文明間的相互聯(lián)系與相互影響不斷加強(qiáng)，在舊大 陸整體性的形成和發(fā)展過程中起了決定性的作用。 本文從兩個(gè)大的時(shí)期分三個(gè)階段探討西亞與舊大陸的整體性。第一個(gè)時(shí)期是新石器時(shí)代 （公元前8000-3500年），西亞出現(xiàn)了影響深遠(yuǎn)的農(nóng)業(yè)革命，它既是生產(chǎn)力革命也是交往力革 命，兩者共同促成了西亞內(nèi)部新石器文化的發(fā)展和交往的增加。同時(shí)，西亞新石器農(nóng)業(yè)人口 的遷移和農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)的傳播又推動(dòng)了西亞與周邊地區(qū)石器文化的交往�？脊藕臀墨I(xiàn)證據(jù)也表明 這一時(shí)期東亞的中國與西亞也有了間接交往。正是通過這些交往，使新石器時(shí)代的西亞與舊 大陸其他主要地區(qū)一起構(gòu)成了當(dāng)時(shí)舊大陸整體性的雛型;第二個(gè)時(shí)期的第一階段是青銅時(shí)代早 期（公元前3500-2000年），以城市革命為標(biāo)志，西亞內(nèi)部及西亞與周邊地區(qū)的文明交往有了 進(jìn)一步發(fā)展，原始城市成為西亞內(nèi)部和外部交往的中心。文明交往的深度和廣度都超過了前 一個(gè)時(shí)期，不但農(nóng)耕世界之間的交往更加密切，而且農(nóng)耕世界與游牧世界的交往也逐漸增加 ，雙方的相互影響也更加明顯。游牧世界特別是歐亞大草原上的游牧部落，作為農(nóng)耕世界之 間交往的中介發(fā)揮了重要的作用。這一時(shí)期，舊大陸的整體性范圍進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大，程度進(jìn)一步 加深，文明交往開始呈現(xiàn)出多樣性特點(diǎn);第二個(gè)時(shí)期的第二階段是青銅時(shí)代晚期（公元前200 0-1000年），西亞及其周邊許多地區(qū)進(jìn)入了以地域王國為主的文明交往時(shí)代，地域王國在更 大范圍內(nèi)更有效率地成為西亞內(nèi)部交往和外部交往的主角，文明交往的內(nèi)容更加廣泛，形式 更加多樣，農(nóng)耕世界已經(jīng)形成了富有特色的幾大文明地區(qū)。同時(shí)，游牧世界向農(nóng)耕世界的廣 泛滲透和遷徙奠定了這一時(shí)期舊大陸兩個(gè)世界交往的大格局，這種格 ===================
[Abstract]:Usually, researchers of world history only emphasize the holistic study of world history since modern times, but not before, especially in ancient times.
This is partly due to the fact that ancient times were so long ago that there was a lack of material and documentary materials.
It makes it difficult for researchers to understand its integrity in depth; on the other hand, it is limited by our horizons and horizons, even though we admit it.
In ancient times, there were certain contacts and exchanges in different parts of the world, but such contacts and exchanges were not enough to influence and promote world history.
In view of this, this paper, based on some new research results and archaeological discoveries at home and abroad in recent years, attempts to promote civilization.
Guided by the communicative theory, it has been proved in a more comprehensive way that since the Neolithic Era, the main parts of the Old World have initially formed a whole character pattern.
Civilized exchanges strengthened the interconnection and mutual influence between different cultures and civilizations in the Old World.
The formation and development of land integrity played a decisive role.
This paper discusses the integrity of West Asia and the Old World in three stages from two major periods. The first period is the Neolithic Age
(8000-3500 B.C.), there was a far-reaching agricultural revolution in West Asia. It was both a productive revolution and a communicative revolution.
Both contributed to the development of Neolithic culture and the increase of intercourse within West Asia. At the same time, the population of Neolithic agriculture in West Asia was also increasing.
Migration and the spread of agricultural technology have also promoted the intercourse of stone culture between West Asia and its surrounding areas. Archaeological and documentary evidence also shows that
During this period, China in East Asia also had indirect contacts with West Asia. It was through these contacts that West Asia in the Neolithic Age was connected with the old.
The other major parts of the continent together formed the prototype of the Old World's integrity; the first stage of the second period was the early Bronze Age
During the period (3500-2000 B.C.), marked by the urban revolution, civilized exchanges within and around Western Asia took place.
Further, the primitive cities became the center of internal and external exchanges in Western Asia. The depth and breadth of civilized exchanges exceeded the previous ones.
For a period of time, not only the contacts between the farming world and the nomadic world became closer, but also the contacts between the farming world and the nomadic world increased gradually.
Nomadic world, especially the nomadic tribes on the Eurasian steppes, as part of the agricultural world
The intermediary of intercourse played an important role. During this period, the whole scope of the Old Continent was further expanded and the degree was further enhanced.
As civilized contacts deepened, they began to show diversity; the second stage of the second period was the late Bronze Age (200 BC).
From 0 to 1000 years ago, Western Asia and its surrounding areas entered an era of civilized exchanges dominated by regional kingdoms, and regional kingdoms became even more important.
On a large scale and more effectively become the protagonist of internal and external exchanges in Western Asia, the content of civilized exchanges is more extensive, the form of exchanges is more extensive.
More diversified, the farming world has formed several distinctive civilizations. At the same time, the nomadic world has extended to the farming world.
Pan infiltration and migration laid a big pattern for the two world exchanges in the old era.
= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2001
【分類號(hào)】：K11
本文編號(hào)：2208454
[Abstract]:Usually, researchers of world history only emphasize the holistic study of world history since modern times, but not before, especially in ancient times.
This is partly due to the fact that ancient times were so long ago that there was a lack of material and documentary materials.
It makes it difficult for researchers to understand its integrity in depth; on the other hand, it is limited by our horizons and horizons, even though we admit it.
In ancient times, there were certain contacts and exchanges in different parts of the world, but such contacts and exchanges were not enough to influence and promote world history.
In view of this, this paper, based on some new research results and archaeological discoveries at home and abroad in recent years, attempts to promote civilization.
Guided by the communicative theory, it has been proved in a more comprehensive way that since the Neolithic Era, the main parts of the Old World have initially formed a whole character pattern.
Civilized exchanges strengthened the interconnection and mutual influence between different cultures and civilizations in the Old World.
The formation and development of land integrity played a decisive role.
This paper discusses the integrity of West Asia and the Old World in three stages from two major periods. The first period is the Neolithic Age
(8000-3500 B.C.), there was a far-reaching agricultural revolution in West Asia. It was both a productive revolution and a communicative revolution.
Both contributed to the development of Neolithic culture and the increase of intercourse within West Asia. At the same time, the population of Neolithic agriculture in West Asia was also increasing.
Migration and the spread of agricultural technology have also promoted the intercourse of stone culture between West Asia and its surrounding areas. Archaeological and documentary evidence also shows that
During this period, China in East Asia also had indirect contacts with West Asia. It was through these contacts that West Asia in the Neolithic Age was connected with the old.
The other major parts of the continent together formed the prototype of the Old World's integrity; the first stage of the second period was the early Bronze Age
During the period (3500-2000 B.C.), marked by the urban revolution, civilized exchanges within and around Western Asia took place.
Further, the primitive cities became the center of internal and external exchanges in Western Asia. The depth and breadth of civilized exchanges exceeded the previous ones.
For a period of time, not only the contacts between the farming world and the nomadic world became closer, but also the contacts between the farming world and the nomadic world increased gradually.
Nomadic world, especially the nomadic tribes on the Eurasian steppes, as part of the agricultural world
The intermediary of intercourse played an important role. During this period, the whole scope of the Old Continent was further expanded and the degree was further enhanced.
As civilized contacts deepened, they began to show diversity; the second stage of the second period was the late Bronze Age (200 BC).
From 0 to 1000 years ago, Western Asia and its surrounding areas entered an era of civilized exchanges dominated by regional kingdoms, and regional kingdoms became even more important.
On a large scale and more effectively become the protagonist of internal and external exchanges in Western Asia, the content of civilized exchanges is more extensive, the form of exchanges is more extensive.
More diversified, the farming world has formed several distinctive civilizations. At the same time, the nomadic world has extended to the farming world.
Pan infiltration and migration laid a big pattern for the two world exchanges in the old era.
= = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2001
【分類號(hào)】：K11
【引證文獻(xiàn)】
中國期刊全文數(shù)據(jù)庫 前2條
1 戴宏;;社會(huì)形態(tài)跳躍轉(zhuǎn)型是人類社會(huì)發(fā)展的普遍規(guī)律[J];湖南社會(huì)科學(xué);2011年01期
2 梁莉;冷樹青;;論人類系統(tǒng)發(fā)展的縱橫向統(tǒng)一性[J];理論導(dǎo)刊;2011年10期
中國博士學(xué)位論文全文數(shù)據(jù)庫 前1條
1 冷樹青;中國社會(huì)主義的社會(huì)系統(tǒng)哲學(xué)解讀[D];天津師范大學(xué);2008年
本文編號(hào)：2208454
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