【摘要】： 中美關(guān)系是當(dāng)今國(guó)際關(guān)系的重要組成部分。作為世界主要大國(guó)的中國(guó)和美國(guó),兩者的關(guān)系狀況深刻的影響了世界的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)格局。探討冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期美國(guó)對(duì)華政策及中美關(guān)系歷史中的一些重要問(wèn)題,有利于總結(jié)歷史經(jīng)驗(yàn)吸取歷史教訓(xùn),反思當(dāng)代美國(guó)對(duì)華政策及中美關(guān)系的未來(lái)趨向。 從古至今的絕大部分時(shí)間里,任何一個(gè)國(guó)家的對(duì)外政策都是以本國(guó)的利益為基礎(chǔ),受各種因素的影響而發(fā)展變化,其中意識(shí)形態(tài)因素所占比重?zé)o足輕重。然而,在冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期那個(gè)特殊的年代,意識(shí)形態(tài)因素卻占據(jù)了一個(gè)重要的比重,在很大程度上影響了美國(guó)制訂其對(duì)華政策,是冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期美國(guó)對(duì)華政策中一個(gè)特殊卻又不容忽視的重要因素。 本文試從宏觀和微觀相結(jié)合的角度出發(fā),通過(guò)綜合考察冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期美國(guó)對(duì)華政策的變化過(guò)程,揭示其中所存在的中美意識(shí)形態(tài)因素,以及它們?cè)诿绹?guó)對(duì)華政策中所起到的作用和影響。 本文的第一部分,綜合分析國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者對(duì)于冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期中美關(guān)系各個(gè)方面的研究,并在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了自己的看法與新的研究切入點(diǎn)。 第二部分,簡(jiǎn)要概述二戰(zhàn)前(即冷戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)前),中美兩國(guó)及美國(guó)與當(dāng)時(shí)的中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨政權(quán)的關(guān)系發(fā)展淵源,作為分析冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期美國(guó)對(duì)華政策的基礎(chǔ)背景。 第三部分,重點(diǎn)分析在冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期的不同階段,影響美國(guó)對(duì)華政策的各種意識(shí)形態(tài)因素,包括美國(guó)官方的、非官方的,以及中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨政權(quán)方面的。同時(shí),分析了這些不同的意識(shí)形態(tài)因素之間的相互影響與作用。 第四部分,單獨(dú)分析在中美意識(shí)形態(tài)因素中的蘇聯(lián)因素。冷戰(zhàn)主要就是蘇聯(lián)與美國(guó)之間的“戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”,蘇聯(lián)因素對(duì)美國(guó)意識(shí)形態(tài)因素的影響不容忽視。至于中共方面,蘇聯(lián)在冷戰(zhàn)前中期一直是自己的“老大哥”,因而它對(duì)中共意識(shí)形態(tài)因素的影響也是不言而喻的。 第五部分,通過(guò)臺(tái)灣問(wèn)題,分析冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期,中美意識(shí)形態(tài)因素在美國(guó)對(duì)華政策中所產(chǎn)生的具體作用和影響。 本文的結(jié)束語(yǔ)部分,全面概述了冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期不同時(shí)間段,中美意識(shí)形態(tài)因素的不同特點(diǎn)。在文章的最后,對(duì)于中美兩國(guó)未來(lái)關(guān)系的發(fā)展,筆者提出了自己的看法和美好的愿望。
[Abstract]:The relationship between China and the United States is an important part of international relations today. As a major power in the world, China and the United States have a profound impact on the political and economic situation of the world. It is helpful to sum up the historical experience and draw lessons from the history of American policy towards China and some important issues in the history of Sino-US relations during the Cold War, and to reflect on the future trend of the contemporary American policy towards China and Sino-US relations. For most of the time since ancient times, any country's foreign policy is based on its own interests and developed and changed under the influence of various factors, in which the proportion of ideological factors is insignificant. However, in the special era of the Cold War, ideological factors occupied an important proportion, and to a large extent influenced the United States to formulate its China policy. It is a special but important factor in America's China policy during the Cold War. From the angle of combining macro and micro, this paper attempts to reveal the existing ideological factors of the United States through a comprehensive review of the changing process of the United States' China policy during the Cold War. And their role and influence in American China policy. In the first part of this paper, the author synthetically analyzes the research on various aspects of Sino-American relations during the Cold War period, and puts forward his own views and new research breakthrough points on the basis of previous studies. The second part gives a brief overview of the relationship between China and the United States before World War II (i.e. before the outbreak of the Cold War), and the relationship between the United States and the Communist Party of China at that time, as the basic background for the analysis of American policy towards China during the Cold War. The third part focuses on the analysis of the various ideological factors affecting the American policy towards China in different stages of the Cold War, including the official, unofficial, and the Chinese Communist regime. At the same time, it analyzes the mutual influence and function of these different ideological factors. In the fourth part, we analyze the Soviet factors in the ideological factors of China and the United States. The Cold War was mainly a "war" between the Soviet Union and the United States, and the influence of the Soviet factor on American ideology could not be ignored. As for the Chinese Communists, the Soviet Union was always its big brother before and in the middle of the Cold War, so its influence on the ideological factors of the Communist Party of China was also self-evident. The fifth part, through the Taiwan question, analyzes the concrete function and influence of the Chinese and American ideology factors in the American China policy during the Cold War period. In the concluding part, the author summarizes the different characteristics of Chinese and American ideological factors in different periods of the Cold War period. At the end of the article, the author puts forward his own views and good wishes for the development of the future relations between China and the United States.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號(hào)】：K712.54

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