戰(zhàn)后初期英美對日政策的分歧與協(xié)調(diào)（1945-1951）
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-16 11:27
【摘要】： 二戰(zhàn)完全改變了國際政治與世界戰(zhàn)略格局,歐洲作為國際體系的中心徹底崩潰,代之而起的是美蘇兩強(qiáng)對峙的新格局。作為與法西斯作戰(zhàn)的主要盟國,英美都參與了戰(zhàn)后對德對日軍事占領(lǐng)。但是與盟軍對德國的分區(qū)占領(lǐng)不同的是,日本由美國單獨(dú)控制,駐日盟軍總司令麥克阿瑟成為日本人的太上皇。囿于自己的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力,英國無力挑戰(zhàn)美國的主導(dǎo)地位。但是在日本問題上仍然有自己的利益和獨(dú)立的對日政策。 在整個(gè)日本占領(lǐng)期間,英美對日政策隨著形勢的變化也不斷調(diào)整。美國由最初的嚴(yán)厲打擊日本轉(zhuǎn)向扶植日本經(jīng)濟(jì)、重新武裝日本;英國由主張日本非軍事化轉(zhuǎn)向允許日本有限防務(wù),由鼓勵(lì)日本經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)興轉(zhuǎn)向限制日本經(jīng)濟(jì)。不論雙方政策如何轉(zhuǎn)變,在占領(lǐng)期間,英美之間的分歧和協(xié)調(diào)一直貫穿始終。 全文由三部分構(gòu)成。第一部分主要論述了占領(lǐng)初期(1945年-1947年)英美對日政策的分歧與協(xié)調(diào),其中包括英美在戰(zhàn)爭期間的對日政策嘗試,戰(zhàn)后初期英美對日指導(dǎo)原則和政策。兩國在占領(lǐng)的主導(dǎo)權(quán)、對日經(jīng)濟(jì)政策、賠償問題、對日和約問題上都出現(xiàn)了分歧。第二部分論述了形勢的轉(zhuǎn)變和英美對日政策的調(diào)整(1947年-1951年)。冷戰(zhàn)后,美國扶植日本,將日本的出口貿(mào)易引向東南亞,考慮到自己的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益,英國表示反對。對于日本的安全問題,英國表示支持日美防衛(wèi)協(xié)定。第三部分論述了在對日媾和問題上的《英美共同方案》。
[Abstract]:The second World War completely changed the international politics and the world strategic pattern, Europe as the center of the international system completely collapsed, and replaced it with a new pattern of confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union. As a major ally in the fight against fascism, Britain and the United States participated in the postwar German military occupation of Japan. But in contrast to the Allied occupation of Germany, Japan was controlled by the United States alone, and MacArthur, commander in chief of the Allied Forces in Japan, became the Japanese overlord. Because of its economic might, Britain was unable to challenge America's dominance. But it still has its own interests and independent policy toward Japan. During the whole period of Japanese occupation, the British and American policy to Japan was adjusted with the change of the situation. The United States shifted from the initial crackdown on Japan to support the Japanese economy and rearm Japan; Britain moved from advocating demilitarization to allowing Japan's limited defence and from encouraging Japan's economic revival to restricting its economy. No matter how the policies of both sides changed, the differences and coordination between the US and Britain continued throughout the occupation period. The full text consists of three parts. The first part mainly discusses the differences and coordination of Anglo-American policy toward Japan in the early period of occupation (1945-1947), including the attempt of Anglo-American policy towards Japan during the war, and the guiding principles and policies of Anglo-American towards Japan in the early postwar period. The two countries are divided over occupation, economic policy, compensation, and the peace treaty. The second part discusses the change of situation and the adjustment of Anglo-American policy to Japan (1947-1951). After the Cold War, the United States nurtured Japan and led Japan's export trade to Southeast Asia. In view of its economic interests, Britain objected. On Japan's security issues, Britain expressed support for the Japanese-US Defense Agreement. The third part discusses the Anglo-American common plan on making peace with Japan.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號(hào)】：K153
本文編號(hào)：2185848
[Abstract]:The second World War completely changed the international politics and the world strategic pattern, Europe as the center of the international system completely collapsed, and replaced it with a new pattern of confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union. As a major ally in the fight against fascism, Britain and the United States participated in the postwar German military occupation of Japan. But in contrast to the Allied occupation of Germany, Japan was controlled by the United States alone, and MacArthur, commander in chief of the Allied Forces in Japan, became the Japanese overlord. Because of its economic might, Britain was unable to challenge America's dominance. But it still has its own interests and independent policy toward Japan. During the whole period of Japanese occupation, the British and American policy to Japan was adjusted with the change of the situation. The United States shifted from the initial crackdown on Japan to support the Japanese economy and rearm Japan; Britain moved from advocating demilitarization to allowing Japan's limited defence and from encouraging Japan's economic revival to restricting its economy. No matter how the policies of both sides changed, the differences and coordination between the US and Britain continued throughout the occupation period. The full text consists of three parts. The first part mainly discusses the differences and coordination of Anglo-American policy toward Japan in the early period of occupation (1945-1947), including the attempt of Anglo-American policy towards Japan during the war, and the guiding principles and policies of Anglo-American towards Japan in the early postwar period. The two countries are divided over occupation, economic policy, compensation, and the peace treaty. The second part discusses the change of situation and the adjustment of Anglo-American policy to Japan (1947-1951). After the Cold War, the United States nurtured Japan and led Japan's export trade to Southeast Asia. In view of its economic interests, Britain objected. On Japan's security issues, Britain expressed support for the Japanese-US Defense Agreement. The third part discusses the Anglo-American common plan on making peace with Japan.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號(hào)】：K153
【引證文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 臧揚(yáng)勤;盟國在日財(cái)產(chǎn)處理問題研究[D];暨南大學(xué);2010年
，本文編號(hào)：2185848
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