【摘要】：琉球,這個明朝以后頻繁出現(xiàn)在漢籍史料中的東南鄰國,自明朝初年向中國貢獻方物之后,逐漸成為明清時期中國最主要的貿(mào)易往來附屬國。琉球自古便出現(xiàn)在中國史書中,明朝以后無論正史、列傳、筆記小說、雜集中都有對其的記載。史料頻繁記載也從另一角度說明中琉兩國之問自明朝以后存在緊密國家關(guān)系,并且表現(xiàn)在各個領(lǐng)域,不僅政治形態(tài)領(lǐng)域具有宗藩關(guān)系,在民問的文化技術(shù)交流上也促進了中華文化在琉球的傳承。由于琉球地處中、日、朝三國與南洋各國的十字路口,其區(qū)位優(yōu)勢是無需贅言的。因此,琉球也是中日朝與南洋各國商品的集散地。日本、朝鮮、東南亞各國都樂于前往琉球貿(mào)易,西方列強也對琉球垂涎三尺。自鴉片戰(zhàn)爭后西方列強在軍事上擊敗中國,打開中國的海上大門,強迫中國簽署不平等條約、將中國納入世界殖民體系與資本主義體系之中,并將中國封建經(jīng)濟納入世界經(jīng)濟之后便得隴望蜀,將尚處于征夷大將軍統(tǒng)治下的日本納入視野之內(nèi),要求與日本通商貿(mào)易。琉球因其優(yōu)越的地理位置與中日的“兩屬”政治形態(tài)被列強視為鉗制中日兩國進而擴大東亞貿(mào)易的前進基地。故而19世紀中葉,英、法、美等西方列強接踵來琉。進行勘測與琉球進行商品貿(mào)易、在琉球傳教、建立避難港、建立貿(mào)易基地以及海上供給港口等活動,以期實現(xiàn)他們希望和琉球“修好”,進而琉球開國的目標。
[Abstract]:Ryukyu, a southeastern neighbor that frequently appeared in the Han history after the Ming Dynasty, gradually became the most important subsidiary country of China's trade in the Ming and Qing dynasties after contributing to China in the early Ming Dynasty. Ryukyu has appeared in Chinese history books since ancient times. The frequent historical records also show from another angle that there has been a close national relationship between China and Ryukyu since the Ming Dynasty, and it is manifested in various fields, not only in the field of political form, but also in the realm of suzerain-vassal relations. The cultural and technological exchange also promoted the inheritance of Chinese culture in Ryukyu. Because Ryukyu is located in China, Japan, the crossroads between the three countries of Korea and the South Ocean, its location advantage is unnecessary. Therefore, Ryukyu is also China, Japan and the South Ocean commodity distribution center. Japan, North Korea, Southeast Asian countries are happy to go to Ryukyu trade, Western powers also salivating Ryukyu. Since the Opium War, the Western powers have defeated China militarily, opened the door to China's sea, forced China to sign unequal treaties, and incorporated China into the world colonial and capitalist systems. After China's feudal economy was brought into the world economy, Longwang Shu came into being, and Japan, which was still under the rule of general Zheng Yi, was included in the field of vision and requested to trade with Japan. Ryukyu, because of its superior geographical position and the political form of "two genera" between China and Japan, was regarded by the great powers as the base for restraining the trade between China and Japan and then expanding trade in East Asia. Therefore, in the middle of the 19 th century, Britain, France, the United States and other Western powers came after another. In order to achieve their goal of "rapprochement" with Ryukyu, they carried out surveys and conducted commercial trade with Ryukyu, preached in Ryukyu, established harbors of refuge, established trading bases and provided ports at sea, and so on, in order to achieve their goal of "rapprochement" with Ryukyu.
【學位授予單位】：福建師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：K106

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