【摘要】： 愷撒是羅馬共和末期著名的政治家和軍事家，高盧戰(zhàn)爭是其政治事業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。高盧戰(zhàn)爭中，愷撒充分展示了他各方面的才能，這具體體現(xiàn)在他所制定的一系列政策方針上：軍事上，他既具有深謀遠(yuǎn)慮的戰(zhàn)略眼光，務(wù)實(shí)的治軍之道，又采取行動迅速、靈活多變的戰(zhàn)術(shù)；外交上，推行分化瓦解，以蠻制蠻的策略，并以外交行動配合其軍事戰(zhàn)爭；政治上，愷撒在高盧扶植代理人，以蠻治蠻，同時恩威并施，征繳人質(zhì)，以期有效地控制被征服的民族；經(jīng)濟(jì)上；就地取糧，以戰(zhàn)養(yǎng)戰(zhàn)，，實(shí)行殘酷的掠奪，而又注意保護(hù)羅馬人在高盧的商業(yè)利益。 愷撒當(dāng)時面臨的羅馬形勢和高盧特殊的社會狀況，是他推行這些策略的特定的歷史背景；羅馬長期對外戰(zhàn)爭所積累的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)以及高盧戰(zhàn)爭中不斷變化的實(shí)際情況，是其制定策略的理論來源和實(shí)踐基礎(chǔ)；此外愷撒的個人特點(diǎn)也不可避免地影響其策略的制定。這些策略對愷撒進(jìn)行高盧戰(zhàn)爭起到了積極的推動作用，而高盧的成功征服奠定了愷撒獨(dú)裁統(tǒng)治的基礎(chǔ)，為羅馬的政體演變準(zhǔn)備了條件，對羅馬國家和社會的長遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展有重要的意義，同時對高盧的發(fā)展以及羅馬與北方民族的關(guān)系有著深遠(yuǎn)的影響。
[Abstract]:Caesar was a famous statesman and strategist at the end of the Roman Republic, and the Gaul War was the turning point of his political career. During the Gallic War, Caesar fully demonstrated his various talents, which were embodied in a series of policies and guidelines he had formulated: militarily, he had both a strategic vision and a pragmatic approach to managing the army, and he took swift action. Flexible and changeable tactics; diplomacy, a strategy of division and disintegration, and diplomatic action to coordinate its military war; politically, Caesar nurtured agents in Gaul to govern savagely, and at the same time, took hostages. With a view to effectively controlling the conquered nation; economically; gathering food in place to preserve war and ruthless plunder while paying attention to the protection of Roman commercial interests in Gaul. The Roman situation that Caesar faced at that time and the special social situation of Gaul were the specific historical background in which he pursued these strategies; the lessons learned from Rome's long foreign war and the changing realities of the Gallic War, It is the theoretical source and practical basis of his strategy, and the personal characteristics of Caesar inevitably influence the formulation of his strategy. These strategies played a positive role in Caesar's war against Gaul, whose successful conquest laid the foundations of Caesar's dictatorship and prepared the ground for the evolution of the Roman polity. It is of great significance to the long-term development of Roman country and society, and also to the development of Gaul and the relationship between Rome and the northern nation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：K126

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