【摘要】：東部和南部非洲共同市場（簡稱東南非共同市場）（Common Market forEastern and Southern Africa--COMESA)是非洲地區(qū)面積最大的地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)合作組織，其前身為1981年12月成立的東部和南部非洲優(yōu)惠貿(mào)易區(qū)。1993年11月，優(yōu)惠貿(mào)易區(qū)首腦會(huì)議通過條約將優(yōu)惠貿(mào)易區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楣餐袌觥?994年12月，東南非共同市場正式成立，秘書處設(shè)在贊比亞首都盧薩卡。東南非共同市場現(xiàn)有19個(gè)成員國，總?cè)丝诩s4億，國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值超過3600億美元，東南非共同市場為內(nèi)部和外部貿(mào)易提供了一個(gè)主要市場區(qū)域。 東南非共同市場建立了一套完整的合作機(jī)構(gòu)和一體化計(jì)劃，為區(qū)域的經(jīng)濟(jì)合作和發(fā)展奠定了基礎(chǔ)。首先，共同市場設(shè)置首腦會(huì)議、部長理事會(huì)、政府間委員會(huì)、技術(shù)委員會(huì)、秘書處、貿(mào)易和開發(fā)銀行、結(jié)算銀行和共同市場法院等機(jī)構(gòu)，保證東南非共同市場的正常運(yùn)行。其次，建立自由貿(mào)易區(qū)和關(guān)稅同盟，促使成員國之間取消關(guān)稅和其他貿(mào)易壁壘，對(duì)外實(shí)施共同關(guān)稅保護(hù)的政策，促進(jìn)成員國之間商品、貨物與人員的自由流動(dòng)。再次，建立共同投資區(qū)，形成一個(gè)穩(wěn)定的和良好的投資環(huán)境，促進(jìn)跨境投資和保護(hù)投資，進(jìn)而提升東南非共同市場的吸引力和競爭力，并且使其成為外國直接投資目的地，并在其中鼓勵(lì)國內(nèi)投資。再次，加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施領(lǐng)域的合作，有力地促進(jìn)了人員、貨物和服務(wù)的有效流動(dòng)，節(jié)省了成本，有利于競爭力的提高，取得了一定成就。最后，東南非共同市場加強(qiáng)與區(qū)域一體化組織的合作，在非洲地區(qū)具有不可替代的作用�？傊瑬|南非共同市場以及其前身優(yōu)惠貿(mào)易區(qū)，已經(jīng)在貿(mào)易、海關(guān)、運(yùn)輸、發(fā)展資金和技術(shù)合作等領(lǐng)域獲得很大成功。在工業(yè)和農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)部門也取得了令人矚目的進(jìn)展。 論文分四個(gè)部分對(duì)東南非共同市場進(jìn)行論述分析：第一部分主要介紹了共同市場的形成和發(fā)展，通過分析東南非地區(qū)的一體化基礎(chǔ)，論述了其建立的社會(huì)歷史條件，，然后分析優(yōu)惠貿(mào)易區(qū)到共同市場的轉(zhuǎn)變，最后詳細(xì)介紹了共同市場運(yùn)作的機(jī)構(gòu)。第二部分分別論述了共同市場促進(jìn)貿(mào)易和投資的三個(gè)一體化建設(shè)措施：自由貿(mào)易區(qū)、關(guān)稅同盟和共同投資區(qū)，通過上述措施，共同市場促進(jìn)了區(qū)域一體化和經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。第三部分論述了共同市場在基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施領(lǐng)域的合作，通過這方面的合作有力地促進(jìn)了人員、貨物和服務(wù)的有效流動(dòng)，節(jié)省了成本，有利于競爭力的提高。第四部分論述東南非共同市場和非洲一體化，首先論述共同市場與南部非洲發(fā)展共同體的聯(lián)系和沖突，其次列出共同市場的優(yōu)勢指出其在非洲一體化中的地位，并總結(jié)其經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)。文章最后是本文的結(jié)語，根據(jù)上文所述指出共同市場的成就、問題和前景。
[Abstract]:The Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa-COMESA is the largest regional economic cooperation organization in Africa, formerly the preferential Trade area for Eastern and Southern Africa, established in December 1981. In December 1994, COMESA was formally established, with its secretariat in Lusaka, Zambia. COMESA now has 19 members with a population of about 400m and a gross domestic product of more than $360 billion. COMESA provides a major market area for internal and external trade. COMESA has established a complete set of cooperation institutions and integration schemes, which have laid the foundation for regional economic cooperation and development. First of all, the Common Market sets up a summit, a Council of Ministers, an intergovernmental committee, a technical committee, a secretariat, a trade and development bank, a settlement bank and a common market court to ensure the proper functioning of COMESA. Secondly, free trade zone and customs union should be established to promote the free movement of goods, goods and people among member countries by removing tariff and other trade barriers, implementing the policy of common tariff protection. Thirdly, to establish a common investment zone, to create a stable and favourable investment environment, to promote cross-border investment and to protect investment, thereby enhancing the attractiveness and competitiveness of COMESA and making it a destination for foreign direct investment, And encourage domestic investment in it. Thirdly, strengthening the cooperation in the field of infrastructure can effectively promote the effective flow of people, goods and services, save costs, improve competitiveness, and make certain achievements. Finally, COMESA has an irreplaceable role in Africa by strengthening its cooperation with regional integration organizations. In short, COMESA and its predecessor, the preferential Trade area (PTA), have achieved great success in trade, customs, transport, development finance and technical cooperation. Remarkable progress has also been made in the industrial and agricultural production sectors. The paper is divided into four parts to discuss and analyze COMESA: the first part mainly introduces the formation and development of COMESA, and discusses the social and historical conditions of its establishment by analyzing the integration foundation of COMESA. Then it analyzes the transformation from preferential Trade area to Common Market, and finally introduces the operation of Common Market in detail. The second part discusses three integration measures of the common market to promote trade and investment: free trade area, customs union and common investment area. Through these measures, the common market promotes regional integration and economic development. The third part discusses the cooperation of the Common Market in the field of infrastructure, through which the effective movement of people, goods and services is promoted, the cost is saved and the competitiveness is improved. The fourth part deals with COMESA and African integration, first with regard to the links and conflicts between the Common Market and the Southern African Development Community (SADC) and, secondly, by listing the advantages of the Common Market (COMESA), indicating its place in African integration, And sum up its experience and lessons. At the end of this paper, the author points out the achievements, problems and prospects of the Common Market.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：F14;K4

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