發(fā)布時間：2018-07-15 21:45

【摘要】：美國南方獨特的地理位置、氣候特征、奴隸制制度和種植園經(jīng)濟使之形成了一種獨特的地方文化，這種文化一直是歷史學(xué)家，社會學(xué)家和文學(xué)家等研究的對象和關(guān)注的焦點。但隨著19世紀下半期南方重建的結(jié)束，特別是20世紀上半期工業(yè)化的迅猛發(fā)展，，南方文化的獨特性受到一些美國學(xué)者的質(zhì)疑。有些學(xué)者認為南方文化的獨特性因其奴隸制的存在而存在，必然隨著內(nèi)戰(zhàn)的結(jié)束而結(jié)束。但還有一些美國學(xué)者認為南方文化的獨特性仍然存在。那么，美國南方文化的獨特性究竟是否還存在？如果存在，究竟表現(xiàn)在哪里？本文就這些問題從南方政治文化、經(jīng)濟文化和宗教文化三個方面對20世紀上半期南方文化進行了分析與解讀。 本論文共有五部分組成：緒論部分；第一章20世紀上半期南方政治文化；第二章20世紀上半期南方經(jīng)濟文化；第三章20世紀上半期南方宗教文化；最后是結(jié)束語部分。 在緒論部分主要陳述了本論文選取20世紀上半期南方文化作為論文研究的中心內(nèi)容的原因及意義，簡要介紹了該研究領(lǐng)域的國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀以及論文研究思路與方法，最后介紹了論文的基本框架。 第一章20世紀上半期美國南方政治文化主要從種族文化、政黨文化、美國南方人的政治取向的角度探討了南方政治文化的特點。美國政治學(xué)家小V.O.基曾經(jīng)說過，政治問題是美國南方頭號問題。基的觀點一方面表明了政治及其文化在南方文化的重要性；另一方面揭示了南方根深蒂固的種族主義文化等南方政治文化成為困擾南方，乃至整個美國的政治問題。因此，本章還對20世紀上半期美國南方政治文化中的種族主義、地方主義和南方黑人民眾等3個方面進行了剖析。 第二章20世紀上半期美國南方經(jīng)濟文化主要探討了“舊南方”和“新南方”經(jīng)濟意識對南方經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型、發(fā)展及政策制定方面的影響，同時還論述了羅斯福新政、二戰(zhàn)及戰(zhàn)后美國政府對南方經(jīng)濟的干預(yù)措施等對南方經(jīng)濟的崛起起到的巨大推動作用。本章還分析了造成20世紀上半期美國南方貧困落后、工業(yè)化發(fā)展緩慢的文化原因以及政府對南方經(jīng)濟干預(yù)所產(chǎn)生的正面和負面影響。 第三章20世紀上半期美國南方宗教文化主要回顧了20世紀上半期的美國南方宗教文化的發(fā)展情況，闡述了南方新教文化、天主教和猶太教文化的產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展及其特征。本章對20世紀上半期黑人宗教文化發(fā)展及其特點進行了深入的分析。對20世紀上半期南方宗教文化，本章還從南方宗教界對第一次世界大戰(zhàn)、黑人問題、婦女地位和教育問題的態(tài)度分別進行了例證分析。通過對南方宗教文化特征的系統(tǒng)歸納與總結(jié)，本人認為20世紀上半期南方宗教文化特征主要表現(xiàn)為宗教文化的保守性、排他性、多樣性和參與性。 結(jié)束語部分通過對20世紀上半期美國南方文化在政治文化、經(jīng)濟文化和宗教文化方面的發(fā)展和變遷的分析與論證，得出結(jié)論：1）20世紀上半期美國南方文化獨特性依然存在；2）南方文化特征并沒有一成不變，而是隨著時代變遷不斷發(fā)生變化，因此具有流變性；3）南方文化具有移民性；4）南方文化體現(xiàn)了多元化的發(fā)展。這也是當(dāng)前世界文化發(fā)展的大趨勢。
[Abstract]:The unique geographical location, climatic characteristics, slavery system and plantation economy in the south of the United States formed a unique local culture. This culture has always been the object and focus of research by historians, sociologists and writers. But with the end of the southern Fang Zhongjian in the second half of nineteenth Century, especially the first half of twentieth Century industry. The unique nature of southern culture is questioned by some American scholars. Some scholars believe that the uniqueness of southern culture exists because of the existence of slavery. It is bound to end with the end of the civil war. But some American scholars believe that the uniqueness of southern culture still exists. Then, the uniqueness of Southern Culture in the United States. Whether or not it exists? If it exists, where is it? This article analyses and interprets the southern culture in the first half of the twentieth Century from three aspects of the Southern political culture, economic culture and religious culture.
This paper consists of five parts: the introduction part; the first chapter of the first half of twentieth Century, the Southern political culture; the second chapter in the first half of twentieth Century, the Southern Economic and culture; the third chapter in the first half of twentieth Century, the southern religious culture; finally, the concluding part.
In the introduction part, it mainly states the reasons and significance of choosing the first half of the twentieth Century south culture as the central content of the thesis, briefly introduces the research status at home and abroad in this field and the research ideas and methods of the thesis, and finally introduces the basic framework of the paper.
In the first chapter of the first half of twentieth Century, the political culture in the south of the United States mainly discussed the characteristics of the Southern political culture from the perspective of ethnic culture, political party culture and the political orientation of the southern Americans. The American political scientist, the small V.O. base, once said that the political problem is the top problem in the south of the United States. The importance of culture, on the other hand, reveals that Southern political culture, which is ingrained in the south, has become a political problem that plagued the South and even the whole of the United States. Therefore, this chapter also analyzes 3 aspects of racism, localism and southern black people in the Southern political culture of the United States in the first half of the twentieth Century.
The second chapter in the first half of twentieth Century, the economic and culture of the south of the United States mainly discussed the influence of the economic consciousness of "the old South" and "the New South" on the economic transformation, development and policy making of the south. At the same time, it also discussed the new policy of Roosevelt, the intervention measures of the south economy in the Second World War and the war of the United States, and the rise of the southern economy. This chapter also analyzes the cultural reasons for the poverty and backwardness of the southern United States in the first half of twentieth Century and the slow development of industrialization, as well as the positive and negative effects of the government on the southern economic intervention.
The third chapter in the first half of twentieth Century, the southern religious culture of the United States mainly reviewed the development of the southern American religious culture in the first half of twentieth Century, and expounded the emergence, development and characteristics of the southern Protestant Culture, the Catholicism and the Judaism culture. This chapter deeply analyzed the development and characteristics of the black religious culture in the first half of twentieth Century. In the first half of the twentieth Century Southern religious culture, this chapter also analyzed the attitudes of the southern religious circles to the first World War, the black issue, the status of women and education. Through a systematic summary and summary of the characteristics of the southern religious culture, I think that the religious and cultural characteristics of the southern part of the south in the first half of twentieth Century were mainly manifested as religions. The conservatism, exclusiveness, diversity and participatory nature of culture.
Through the analysis and demonstration of the development and changes of American Southern culture in the political culture, economic culture and religious culture in the first half of the twentieth Century, the conclusion is drawn as follows: 1) the cultural uniqueness of the southern United States still existed in the first half of the twentieth Century; and 2) the cultural characteristics of the South were not invariable, but with the change of the times. Change, so it has rheology; 3) the southern culture is immigrant; 4) the southern culture embodies the pluralistic development. This is also the trend of the current world cultural development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K712.5

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 錢茜;罪與贖[D];華中師范大學(xué);2014年

本文編號：2125474