本文選題：第二次蘇南論戰(zhàn) + 波匈事件　； 參考：《曲阜師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：1948-1953年蘇南沖突后,面對(duì)蘇聯(lián)的政治壓力、經(jīng)濟(jì)封鎖和軍事威脅,南斯拉夫逐漸擺脫意識(shí)形態(tài)的束縛,將國(guó)家利益作為制定對(duì)外政策的主要依據(jù),逐步走上自治的社會(huì)主義道路。1953年斯大林逝世后,蘇聯(lián)為了與以美國(guó)為首的帝國(guó)主義陣營(yíng)相抗衡,對(duì)東歐國(guó)家實(shí)行松綁政策和緩和戰(zhàn)略,力圖恢復(fù)社會(huì)主義陣營(yíng)內(nèi)部的團(tuán)結(jié)。而要使社會(huì)主義陣營(yíng)的團(tuán)結(jié)統(tǒng)一成為“鐵板一塊”而不是“一盤散沙”,和南斯拉夫重修舊好就成為當(dāng)務(wù)之急、重中之重。從1955年5月赫魯曉夫親抵南斯拉夫主動(dòng)建議和解到1956年6月鐵托訪問(wèn)蘇聯(lián),從1955年蘇南共同發(fā)表的《貝爾格萊德宣言》到1956年的《莫斯科宣言》,標(biāo)志著長(zhǎng)達(dá)7年之久的蘇南沖突正式結(jié)束。但是蘇南冰釋前嫌后的友好關(guān)系并沒(méi)有維持多久便迅速冷卻。1956-1961年的第二次蘇南論戰(zhàn)引起的分歧和裂痕,成為兩國(guó)關(guān)系惡化的濫觴,雙方關(guān)系又一次陷入低谷。 導(dǎo)致蘇南關(guān)系陰晴圓缺、變化無(wú)常的因素錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜。本文在結(jié)合史實(shí)基礎(chǔ)上運(yùn)用國(guó)際關(guān)系理論相關(guān)知識(shí),采用國(guó)際關(guān)系研究的基本方法-層次分析法,從國(guó)際、國(guó)家和個(gè)人三個(gè)層面進(jìn)行探討并層層遞進(jìn),力求追根溯源、窺探實(shí)質(zhì)。應(yīng)該說(shuō),第二次蘇南論戰(zhàn)的爆發(fā)是多種因素共同作用的結(jié)果。赫魯曉夫在蘇共二十大上的秘密報(bào)告是誘發(fā)波匈事件的火藥桶,而波匈事件則是第二次蘇南論戰(zhàn)的導(dǎo)火線。同時(shí),美國(guó)推行和平演變戰(zhàn)略,利用“楔子計(jì)劃”支持鐵托主義來(lái)削弱蘇聯(lián)對(duì)東歐的控制,無(wú)疑為第二次蘇南論戰(zhàn)的爆發(fā)推波助瀾。但其根本原因是蘇聯(lián)的大國(guó)主義、入黨作風(fēng)和南斯拉夫摒棄斯大林模式走獨(dú)立自主的發(fā)展道路、奉行不結(jié)盟外交戰(zhàn)略之間不可調(diào)和的矛盾。蘇南兩國(guó)圍繞波匈事件的起因和性質(zhì)等問(wèn)題以及意識(shí)形態(tài)、蘇東關(guān)系和東歐各國(guó)發(fā)展模式等方面展開(kāi)唇槍舌戰(zhàn)。論戰(zhàn)態(tài)勢(shì)層層深入、步步升級(jí),并呈現(xiàn)前期激烈、后期趨緩,跌宕起伏、曲高和寡的特點(diǎn)。其論戰(zhàn)的實(shí)質(zhì)是蘇聯(lián)的霸權(quán)主義、強(qiáng)權(quán)政治與南斯拉夫主張獨(dú)立自主、擺脫斯大林模式的束縛之間國(guó)家主權(quán)和國(guó)家利益方面的沖突,在本質(zhì)上與第一次蘇南沖突一脈相承。從某種意義上說(shuō),第二次蘇南論戰(zhàn)是第一次蘇南沖突的繼續(xù)。
[Abstract]:In the face of the Soviet Union's political pressure, economic blockade and military threat, Yugoslavia gradually broke away from the ideological shackles and took the national interests as the main basis for formulating its foreign policy after the 1948-1953 conflict in southern Jiangsu. After Stalin's death in 1953, the Soviet Union, in order to compete with the imperialist camp headed by the United States, implemented a policy of relaxation and a strategy of relaxation to the Eastern European countries, and tried to restore the unity within the socialist camp. To make the unity and unity of the socialist camp "monolithic" rather than "scattered sand," and Yugoslavia to mend the old and become urgent, the top priority. From May 1955, when Khrushchev arrived in Yugoslavia on his own initiative to propose reconciliation, Tito visited the Soviet Union in June 1956. From the Belgrade Declaration in 1955 to the Moscow Declaration in 1956, it marked the end of the 7-year-long Su-nan conflict. However, the friendly relations between the two countries were not maintained for long. The differences and cracks caused by the second Su-nan controversy in 1956-1961 became the origin of the deterioration of the relations between the two countries, and the relations between the two countries fell into a trough again. The causes of the relationship between South Jiangsu Yin and sunny round, volatile factors are intricate. On the basis of historical facts, this paper applies the relevant knowledge of international relations theory, adopts the basic method of international relations research-Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and probes into it from three aspects of international, national and individual, in order to trace back to the source. Peep into the essence. It should be said that the outbreak of the second Southern Jiangsu controversy is the result of various factors. Khrushchev's secret report at the 20th Congress of the Soviet Communist Party was the trigger for the Polish and Hungarian incident, which was the trigger of the second debate in southern Jiangsu. At the same time, the United States carried out the strategy of peaceful evolution and used the "wedge plan" to support Tito doctrine to weaken the Soviet Union's control of Eastern Europe, which undoubtedly contributed to the outbreak of the second Su-nan controversy. However, the fundamental reason is the irreconcilable contradiction between the Soviet Unionism, the style of joining the Party and Yugoslavia's abandoning Stalin's mode of independent development and pursuing the non-aligned diplomatic strategy. The two countries wrangled over the origin and nature of the events, ideology, the relations between the Soviet Union and the East and the development models of the Eastern European countries. The polemic situation is deep, step by step upgrade, and presents the characteristics of early intense, late slow, ups and downs, high and low. The essence of the controversy is the Soviet hegemonism, power politics and Yugoslavia stand for independence, free from the shackles of Stalin model between the state sovereignty and national interests conflict, in essence with the first conflict in southern Jiangsu. In a sense, the second Southern Jiangsu controversy is the continuation of the first Su-nan conflict.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K153

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