本文選題：公元前447-前386年 + 彼奧提亞同盟　； 參考：《東北師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：城邦是古希臘主要的國家形式。城邦之外還存在著大量的城邦同盟。古希臘的歷史既是城邦的歷史也是城邦同盟的歷史。公元前447-前386年的彼奧提亞同盟是古希臘歷史上重要的城邦同盟。研究這一時(shí)期的彼奧提亞同盟對(duì)于我們梳理古希臘歷史的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)、了解城邦同盟的體制有著重要的意義。 公元前447年，彼奧提亞擺脫了雅典的控制重獲獨(dú)立，彼奧提亞同盟也隨之重建。在伯羅奔尼撒戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中，彼奧提亞同盟尤其是底比斯的勢(shì)力得到了極大的增強(qiáng)。隨著戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的結(jié)束，斯巴達(dá)與其他城邦的激烈沖突導(dǎo)致了科林斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的爆發(fā)。最后在波斯的干涉下，希臘各邦于公元前386年簽訂了《大王和約》。根據(jù)其中的自治條款，彼奧提亞同盟被迫解散。 彼奧提亞同盟的主要機(jī)構(gòu)是同盟官和同盟議事會(huì)。當(dāng)時(shí)整個(gè)彼奧提亞分為11個(gè)區(qū)，每個(gè)區(qū)出1名同盟官和60名同盟議事會(huì)的成員以及固定的兵員和法官。同盟官統(tǒng)率軍隊(duì)、負(fù)責(zé)外交事務(wù)，他們是同盟最重要的行政官員。同盟議事會(huì)分為四部分，每個(gè)議事會(huì)輪流主事。同盟議事會(huì)對(duì)同盟的事務(wù)擁有最終決定權(quán)。 在彼奧提亞同盟中，最為強(qiáng)大的城邦底比斯長(zhǎng)期領(lǐng)導(dǎo)著同盟，它是同盟的霸主。大約自伯羅奔尼撒戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)開始，它就控制著同盟并削弱與之對(duì)立的城邦。同時(shí)，，底比斯與其他同盟成員之間也密切合作。
[Abstract]:The city-states were the main form of state in ancient Greece. In addition to the city-states, there are a large number of city-state alliances. The history of ancient Greece is not only the history of the city-state but also the history of the city-state alliance. The Union of Piotians was an important city-state alliance in ancient Greek history from 447 BC to 386 BC. It is of great significance for us to sort out the historical development of ancient Greece and to understand the system of the city-state alliance. In 447 BC, Pioti was liberated from Athenian control and regained independence, and the Union was rebuilt. During the Peloponnesian War, the power of the Union of Piotians, especially Thebes, was greatly strengthened. With the end of the war, Sparta's fierce conflict with other city-states led to the outbreak of the Collins War. Finally, with the intervention of Persia, the Greek states signed the Treaty of Peace in 386 BC. Under the terms of autonomy, the Union of Biotians was forced to disband. The main institutions of the Union of Biottia are the Confederate officers and the Confederate Council. At that time, the whole of Piotia was divided into 11 districts, each of which consisted of a Confederate officer and 60 members of the League Council, as well as regular soldiers and judges. The Confederate officers, who are the most important administrators of the Union, command the army and are responsible for foreign affairs. The Confederate Council was divided into four parts, each of which took the lead in turn. The Council of Representatives has the final say in the affairs of the Alliance. Thebes, the most powerful city-state of the Union, had long been the leader of the Alliance. About the beginning of the Peloponnesian War, it controlled the alliance and weakened its rival city-states. Thebes also worked closely with other allies.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K124

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