本文選題：奧巴桑喬 + 尼日利亞�。� 參考：《華東師范大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文

【摘要】： 1960年10月1日，尼日利亞由英國殖民地變成一個主權(quán)國家，開始了現(xiàn)代化的發(fā)展進(jìn)程。在近半個世紀(jì)的現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程中，歷屆政府都為此進(jìn)行了不同程度的探索與改革，這其中較為引人注目的是奧巴桑喬政府的實踐與探索。奧巴桑喬是尼日利亞東山再起的民選總統(tǒng)，是非洲政壇上的重要人物，是具有現(xiàn)代化意識的國家領(lǐng)袖。他在軍政府時期率先實踐“還政于民”，贏得國際社會尊重；作為民選總統(tǒng)又高舉反腐敗大旗，大力推進(jìn)政治經(jīng)濟(jì)改革，對尼日利亞現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程產(chǎn)生了一定程度的影響。 現(xiàn)代化最基本的要求是政治穩(wěn)定，尼日利亞由于軍事政變頻繁導(dǎo)致政局動蕩，因此，實現(xiàn)政治穩(wěn)定是該國人民的夙愿。1999年，奧巴桑喬當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)為尼日利亞政局穩(wěn)定、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展帶來新的契機(jī)。本文以奧巴桑喬推動下的現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程為研究對象，在整理和分析大量第一手史料及前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上，對其國家及民族意識、政治經(jīng)濟(jì)改革、多元外交進(jìn)行了較為系統(tǒng)的研究。 本文共分四章，另加序言和余論。 序言部分?jǐn)⑹隽吮菊撐牡难芯恳饬x，回顧了國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀，，在此基礎(chǔ)上提出個人的看法和寫作思路，并對奧巴桑喬的人生軌跡進(jìn)行了較為明確的梳理。 第一章講述尼日利亞1960-1999年現(xiàn)代化的曲折進(jìn)程。從全文的角度看本章屬于背景性質(zhì)的分析和鋪墊，包括第一共和國時期的政治危機(jī)、戈翁軍政府和巴班吉達(dá)軍政府的政治探索與現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程的關(guān)系、1960-1999年的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展歷程。本章分析了尼日利亞現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程的曲折性與復(fù)雜性，旨在說明探索適合本國國情現(xiàn)代化道路的重要性。 第二章研究奧巴桑喬與尼日利亞政治現(xiàn)代化。奧巴桑喬超越部族、超越地區(qū)的民族意識和國家意識在現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程中發(fā)揮了重要作用，多年的軍事生涯和還政于民的實踐使他從一名愛國軍官成長為具有現(xiàn)代化意識的政治領(lǐng)袖。軍政府時期的奧巴桑喬為國家統(tǒng)一進(jìn)行了奮戰(zhàn)，為還政于民大膽實踐，推動了尼日利亞政治現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程。作為民選總統(tǒng)的奧巴桑喬發(fā)揮自己的優(yōu)勢為國家服務(wù)，注重國內(nèi)民族和解，高舉反腐大旗，整治國內(nèi)環(huán)境，在政治民主化進(jìn)程中做出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。 第三章分析奧巴桑喬與尼日利亞經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)代化。主要包括新政府的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策、經(jīng)濟(jì)戰(zhàn)略；在經(jīng)濟(jì)戰(zhàn)略影響下農(nóng)業(yè)、工業(yè)、對外貿(mào)易等發(fā)展的成就及存在的問題。為發(fā)展民族經(jīng)濟(jì)，奧巴桑喬新政府出臺了《1999-2003年經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展規(guī)劃》和《2003-2007年國民經(jīng)濟(jì)增強(qiáng)和發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略》，提出了經(jīng)濟(jì)改革的總方針及其政策措施。在政府的重視和大力支持下，農(nóng)業(yè)在國民經(jīng)濟(jì)中的基礎(chǔ)地位加強(qiáng)，制造業(yè)活力增強(qiáng)，石油天然氣迅速發(fā)展，對外經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系空前活躍。在分析取得的成就同時也指出了存在的問題，依然存在如經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)單一，投資條件急需改善等制約經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的因素。 第四章探討奧巴桑喬的對外關(guān)系與尼日利亞現(xiàn)代化。主要包括獨(dú)立初期的外交政策與奧巴桑喬的非洲觀；奧巴桑喬新政府的多元外交戰(zhàn)略等內(nèi)容。奧巴桑喬的非洲觀與外交戰(zhàn)略改善了尼日利亞的國際環(huán)境，促進(jìn)了國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，提高了國際地位，為尼日利亞現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程的全面展開奠定了良好的基礎(chǔ)。 余論部分在分析歷屆政府推動尼日利亞作用的基礎(chǔ)上總結(jié)了該國現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程的特點(diǎn)；對奧巴桑喬在軍政府時期和民選政府時期的政策進(jìn)行比較，從中看出奧巴桑喬政府在尼日利亞現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程中的作用。
[Abstract]:In October 1, 1960, Nigeria became a sovereign state from British colonies to a modern process of development. In the course of the modernization of nearly half a century, all successive governments have carried out different degrees of exploration and reform, which is more noticeable in the practice and exploration of the Obasanjo administration. Obasanjo is the Nei. The elected president of Leah, the elected president of the country, is an important figure in African politics and a national leader with a sense of modernization. He took the lead in practicing the "repaying the people" and winning the respect of the international community during the period of the military government. As the elected president, he raised the banner of anti corruption, vigorously promoted the political reform of the government, and produced the process of modernization of Nigeria. To a certain degree of influence.
The basic requirement of modernization is political stability and Nigeria's political stability is caused by the frequent political upheavals caused by the military coup. Therefore, the realization of political stability is the long cherished wish of the people in the country in.1999. The president elect of Obasanjo has brought about a new opportunity for the stability of Nigeria's political situation and the economic development. This paper studies the modernization process driven by Obasanjo as a study. On the basis of sorting out and analyzing a large number of first-hand historical materials and previous studies, the elephant has carried out a more systematic study of its national and national consciousness, political and economic reform, and pluralistic diplomacy.
This article is divided into four chapters, in addition to the preface and the remaining theory.
The preface narrates the research significance of this paper, reviews the present research status at home and abroad, and on this basis puts forward personal views and writing ideas, and makes a more clear combing of Obasanjo's life track.
The first chapter is about the zigzag process of Nigeria's 1960-1999 year modernization. From the full text point of view, the analysis and paving of this chapter belongs to the background nature, including the political crisis in the first Republic, the relationship between the political exploration and the modernization process of the government of the GE and Babangida Army, the course of the economic development of the 1960-1999 years. The tortuosity and complexity of Nigeria's modernization process are aimed at explaining the importance of exploring the road of modernization suited to our national conditions.
The second chapter studies the political modernization of Obasanjo and Nigeria. Obasanjo transcends the tribes, and the national consciousness and national consciousness beyond the region play an important role in the process of modernization. Years of military career and the practice of returning to the people make him grow from a patriotic officer to a political leader with a modern consciousness. The period Obasanjo fought for the unification of the state, made bold practice for the reign of the people and promoted the process of political modernization in Nigeria. As the elected president, Obasanjo played his advantage for the country, paid attention to the national reconciliation, raised the anti corruption banner, renovate the country's internal environment and made important tribute in the process of political democratization. Offer.
The third chapter analyzes the economic modernization of Obasanjo and Nigeria, mainly including the economic policy and economic strategy of the new government, the achievements and existing problems in the development of agriculture, industry and foreign trade under the influence of the economic strategy. For the development of national economy, the new government of Obasanjo introduced the economic development plan of <1999-2003 and <2003-2007. The strategy of strengthening and developing the national economy has put forward the general policy of economic reform and its policy and measures. With the attention and strong support of the government, the basic status of agriculture in the national economy is strengthened, the vitality of the manufacturing industry is strengthened, the oil and natural gas is rapidly developing and the foreign economic relations are unprecedentedly active. There are still some factors that restrict economic development, such as the unitary economic structure and the urgent need for improvement of investment conditions.
The fourth chapter discusses Obasanjo's foreign relations and the modernization of Nigeria. It mainly includes the foreign policy of the early independence and Obasanjo's view of Africa, and the pluralistic diplomatic strategy of Obasanjo's new government. The African outlook and foreign strategy of Obasanjo improved the international environment of the national economy and promoted the development of the domestic economy. The high international status has laid a good foundation for the modernization of Nigeria.
On the basis of the analysis of the role of successive governments in promoting Nigeria, the author summarizes the characteristics of the modernization process of the country, and compares Obasanjo's policies during the period of the military government and the period of the elected government, and finds out the role of the Obasanjo government in the process of modernization in Nigeria.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：K437.5

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 寧厚欣;撒哈拉以南非洲部族主義與政治現(xiàn)代化探究[D];華東師范大學(xué);2013年

本文編號：2037734