本文選題：古代希臘人 + 黑海地區(qū)��； 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文

【摘要】： 黑海地區(qū)的殖民活動(dòng)是古代希臘殖民活動(dòng)的重要組成部分。本文將通過對(duì)這一地區(qū)殖民活動(dòng)的個(gè)案分析，揭示希臘殖民運(yùn)動(dòng)的共同特征。 公元前7世紀(jì)后期，小亞細(xì)亞的希臘城邦米利都與呂底亞王國發(fā)生利益沖突，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)引發(fā)了包括土地危機(jī)在內(nèi)的種種社會(huì)問題。為轉(zhuǎn)移城邦內(nèi)部矛盾的焦點(diǎn)，米利都開始前往黑海地區(qū)進(jìn)行殖民，由此拉開了希臘城邦在這一地區(qū)殖民的序幕。公元前560年之后，希臘本土城邦麥加拉和小亞細(xì)亞的提奧斯也加入到黑海地區(qū)殖民的行列，但從二者所建殖民地的數(shù)量和規(guī)模來看，均遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不及米利都。 黑海地區(qū)建立的希臘殖民地發(fā)展很不平衡。有的殖民地在建立初期僅為用于貿(mào)易的商棧或者不具備政治功能的中心城市，只是隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力的進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)，人口的增多才逐步發(fā)展為城邦。與此相反，有的在建立初期就已經(jīng)是城邦的殖民地，由于經(jīng)營不善，反而喪失了政治地位，淪為商棧。 殖民地建立后，在土地分配方面，基本上是平均分配耕地和住房用地；在城市規(guī)劃方面，同希臘本土頗為相似；在社會(huì)政治制度方面，殖民地同母邦一樣，普遍采用了貴族政治和寡頭政治，，個(gè)別城邦間或?qū)嵭辛嗣裰髡�，但非常短暫。不僅如此，在宗教崇拜、歷法、語言文字等各個(gè)方面，殖民地與母邦都基本保持一致。子邦與母邦的關(guān)系親密與否，視二者之間的距離遠(yuǎn)近、母邦的野心以及各自的利益關(guān)系而定。總體來看，子邦與母邦之間具有一種不可分割的聯(lián)系，子邦在很多方面承襲了母邦的制度。 殖民地與原住民之間的關(guān)系則呈現(xiàn)出多樣性。有的殖民地和原住民保持著友好關(guān)系；有的殖民地，原住民淪為耕奴；有的殖民地原住民勢(shì)力強(qiáng)大，反而控制了這一地區(qū)。雖然在政治方面，二者之間的關(guān)系復(fù)雜，但在文化方面，兩者互相影響，黑海地區(qū)形成了“希臘文化”與“蠻族文化”相結(jié)合的文化共同體。 黑海地區(qū)的殖民活動(dòng)歷時(shí)長(zhǎng)久，內(nèi)容豐富，既揭示了希臘殖民活動(dòng)的共性，又為我們提供了進(jìn)一步深化該領(lǐng)域研究成果的寶貴啟示。
[Abstract]:The colonial activities in the Black Sea region were an important part of the ancient Greek colonial activities. This paper will reveal the common characteristics of the Greek colonial movement through the case study of the colonial activities in this region. In the late 7th century BC, the Greek city-state of Asia minor, Milido, had a conflict of interest with the Kingdom of Lydia. The war caused a variety of social problems, including the land crisis. In order to shift the focus of the city-state 's internal contradiction, Milido began to colonize the Black Sea region, which opened the prelude of the Greek city-state 's colonization in this region. After 560 BC, the native Greek city-states Mcgarrah and Titus of Asia minor joined the Black Sea region in colonization, but in terms of the number and size of the colonies they built, The Greek colonies established in the Black Sea region developed unevenly. In the early days of some colonies, they were only used for trade or as a central city with no political function, but with the further strengthening of economic strength, the population increased gradually and developed into a city-state. On the contrary, some of them had been city-state colonies at the beginning of their establishment, but lost their political status because of poor management. After the establishment of the colony, the land distribution was basically equal to the distribution of cultivated land and housing land. In urban planning, it is quite similar to the native Greek; in the socio-political system, the colonies, like their mother states, generally adopt aristocratic and oligarchic politics, and individual city-states practise democracy among themselves, but for a very short time. Not only that, in religious worship, calendar, language and other aspects of the colonial and mother are basically the same. The relationship between son and mother depends on the distance between them, their ambitions and their respective interests. In general, there is an inseparable relationship between the sub-states and the mother states, and the sub-states inherit the system of the mother state in many ways, while the relations between the colonies and the aborigines show diversity. Some of the colonies maintained friendly relations with the aborigines; some of the colonies were reduced to farming slaves; some of the colonial aborigines were powerful and controlled the area. Although the relationship between the two is complex in political terms, in terms of culture, the two influence each other, and the Black Sea region forms a cultural community that combines "Greek culture" with "barbarian culture." the colonization of the Black Sea region lasted a long time. The rich contents not only reveal the commonness of the Greek colonial activities, but also provide us with valuable inspiration to further deepen the research results in this field.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號(hào)】：K125

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 徐媛媛;德爾斐神諭研究[D];南開大學(xué);2010年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 龐霄驍;古風(fēng)時(shí)代希臘人在北非的殖民[D];華中師范大學(xué);2012年

本文編號(hào)：2001019