本文選題：英格蘭律師階層 + 法律學(xué)徒　； 參考：《華東師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：自12、13世紀(jì)開始,英格蘭司法界經(jīng)歷了巨大變革,不僅結(jié)束了此前司法體系四分五裂的窘境,更奠定了英格蘭普通法的基礎(chǔ)。伴隨著司法界的巨大變革,以法官和律師為代表的英格蘭早期法律職業(yè)階層開始形成,并在此過程中誕生了一個(gè)特殊的職業(yè)群體,即英格蘭的法律學(xué)徒。法律學(xué)徒自登上歷史舞臺(tái)后,就直承擔(dān)著傳承英格蘭法律文化和維護(hù)普通法權(quán)威的職責(zé),構(gòu)成了英格蘭法律界道獨(dú)特的風(fēng)景。 本文由緒論、正文和結(jié)語三部分組成： 緒論主要梳理國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者對(duì)英格蘭律師階層和法律學(xué)徒的研究歷史及現(xiàn)狀,指出本文研究的著眼點(diǎn)和創(chuàng)新之處。 第一章主要闡明13—14世紀(jì)時(shí)伴隨著亨利二世司法改革及三大普通法法庭的誕生,英格蘭律師階層和法律學(xué)徒登上歷史舞臺(tái)。誕生之初的法律學(xué)徒面臨的首要問題是如何接受法律教育,筆者將法律學(xué)徒的早期教育模式歸納為法庭加法官模式,即法庭承擔(dān)了法律課堂的職能,而法官則扮演了法律教師的角色。 第二章主要指出14—15世紀(jì)時(shí)伴隨著律師會(huì)館的誕生,英格蘭法律學(xué)徒教育走向正規(guī)化和系統(tǒng)化,也在這個(gè)過程中法律學(xué)徒實(shí)現(xiàn)了第一次身份轉(zhuǎn)變。文章試從律師會(huì)館誕生、日常學(xué)習(xí)生活和學(xué)徒畢業(yè)晉升三個(gè)方面,討論法律學(xué)徒身份轉(zhuǎn)變的原因及過程。 第三章主要分析15—16世紀(jì)時(shí)為了順應(yīng)時(shí)代變化,英格蘭司法界出現(xiàn)巨大變革,高級(jí)律師階層日趨衰落,社會(huì)對(duì)于律師的需求量急劇增加,英格蘭法律學(xué)徒由此實(shí)現(xiàn)了第二次身份轉(zhuǎn)變。文章試從職業(yè)契機(jī)、社會(huì)變革和自身發(fā)展等多個(gè)角度探討法律學(xué)徒向近代出庭律師轉(zhuǎn)變的過程。 結(jié)語部分指出律師會(huì)館及法律學(xué)徒對(duì)今天英美法系國(guó)家的法律教育和法律體系的影響,以及英格蘭法律教育對(duì)我國(guó)的借鑒作用。
[Abstract]:Since the 13th century, the judiciary in England has undergone a great transformation, not only to put an end to the dilemmas of the previous judicial system, but also to lay the foundation of the common law in England. With the great changes in the judicial field, the early legal profession class in England, represented by judges and lawyers, began to form, and a special professional group, the legal apprentice of England, was born in the process. The legal apprentice has assumed the duty of inheriting the English legal culture and maintaining the authority of the common law since he stepped onto the historical stage, which constitutes a unique landscape of the English legal profession. The main body and the conclusion are three parts: the introduction mainly combs the history and the present situation of the research of the law class and the legal apprenticeship in England by the scholars at home and abroad. The first chapter mainly expounds that during the 13-14 century, with the birth of Henry II judicial reform and the three common law courts, the English lawyers and law apprentices stepped onto the historical stage. At the beginning of its birth, the primary problem faced by the legal apprentice was how to receive legal education. The author summed up the early education model of the legal apprentice as the court plus judge model, that is, the court assumed the function of law class. The second chapter mainly points out that the law apprenticeship education in England was formalized and systematized with the birth of the Law Guild in the 14-15 century. In this process, the legal apprentice realized the first change of identity. This paper discusses the causes and processes of the transformation of legal apprenticeship status from three aspects: the birth of the Bar Hall, the daily study life and the graduation and promotion of the apprentice. Chapter three mainly analyzes the reasons and processes of the legal apprenticeship in order to adapt to the changes of the times in the 15-16 century. Great changes appeared in the judicial circles in England, the class of senior lawyers declined day by day, and the demand for lawyers in the society increased rapidly, thus the English legal apprentices realized the second status change. The article tries to look at career opportunities, In conclusion, the author points out the influence of the Law Guild and the Law Apprentice on the legal education and legal system in the countries of Anglo-American legal system. And England law education to our country's reference function.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K561.3

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本文編號(hào)：2000327