發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-04 02:13

  本文選題：英國(guó)新工黨 + 新混合經(jīng)濟(jì)�。� 參考：《山東師范大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文

【摘要】： 1997年5月,工黨領(lǐng)袖布萊爾作為英國(guó)新首相上臺(tái)執(zhí)政,從此結(jié)束了保守黨連續(xù)18年執(zhí)政的局面。布萊爾第一屆政府執(zhí)政前,撒切爾夫人的“自由放任主義”政策創(chuàng)造了英國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的神話,其經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行狀況總體上呈增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì),但是自由放任政策同時(shí)導(dǎo)致貧富差距擴(kuò)大、社會(huì)道德淪喪等社會(huì)問題。面對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)的經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)狀,布萊爾政府提出了“新混合經(jīng)濟(jì)”政策。 新混合經(jīng)濟(jì)政策在保留和繼承撒切爾的“自由放任經(jīng)濟(jì)”政策的前提下,對(duì)其進(jìn)行了批判和改革創(chuàng)新。同時(shí)新混合經(jīng)濟(jì)政策也吸收了老工黨的觀點(diǎn),重新對(duì)國(guó)家的職能進(jìn)行了定位。本文力求全面而深刻地對(duì)布萊爾“新混合經(jīng)濟(jì)”加以分析認(rèn)識(shí),把握其與老工黨混合經(jīng)濟(jì)及保守黨新自由主義經(jīng)濟(jì)理論的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系,論證新工黨經(jīng)濟(jì)理論在當(dāng)代所發(fā)生的新變化。最后,本文認(rèn)為“新混合經(jīng)濟(jì)”的提出是順應(yīng)時(shí)代發(fā)展的,雖然還存在著束縛其發(fā)展的瓶頸,但其在今后一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的發(fā)展還是樂觀的。 本文的主體部分由五部分組成: 一、布萊爾政府“新混合經(jīng)濟(jì)”提出的國(guó)內(nèi)國(guó)際背景。1997年,英國(guó)面臨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化帶來的資本外逃、國(guó)內(nèi)失業(yè)率人數(shù)增多、政府福利開支龐大、社會(huì)貧富差距加大等一系列問題,同時(shí)老工黨由于堅(jiān)持已不符合時(shí)代變化的老政策而失去了工人階級(jí)的信任。在這樣的國(guó)際國(guó)內(nèi)背景下,布萊爾政府提出了迫切解決國(guó)內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)問題的“新混合經(jīng)濟(jì)”政策。 二、布萊爾政府“新混合經(jīng)濟(jì)”的新主張。在所有制問題上,新工黨放棄了傳統(tǒng)的公有制要求和國(guó)有化目標(biāo),主張建立一種“參與制社會(huì)”,即“人人所有的社會(huì)所有制”;在國(guó)家和市場(chǎng)問題上,布萊爾認(rèn)為應(yīng)保持國(guó)家和市場(chǎng)的平衡關(guān)系,即市場(chǎng)秩序需要國(guó)家來規(guī)范,國(guó)家對(duì)市場(chǎng)起監(jiān)督和調(diào)控作用。 三、布萊爾政府“新混合經(jīng)濟(jì)”的具體政策。1997年布萊爾上臺(tái)后,提出了一系列的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策:從緊、透明的、宏觀的貨幣和財(cái)政稅收政策;加大投資、建設(shè)企業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)、重視教育和培訓(xùn)、創(chuàng)建知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)、發(fā)展旅游經(jīng)濟(jì)等微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策。 四、新工黨與老工黨及與保守黨經(jīng)濟(jì)政策主張的比較。在“新混合經(jīng)濟(jì)”政策中有對(duì)老工黨經(jīng)濟(jì)中所有制問題的拋棄,也有對(duì)國(guó)家調(diào)控市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)職能的繼承。同時(shí),新工黨的“新混合經(jīng)濟(jì)”政策與保守黨的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策在保持私有化問題上、增支減稅、提高生產(chǎn)率等政策上趨同是很明顯的,但在處理國(guó)家與市場(chǎng)的關(guān)系問題上存在差異。 五、對(duì)“新混合經(jīng)濟(jì)”政策的評(píng)析。“新混合經(jīng)濟(jì)”政策的實(shí)施一方面給英國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來了增長(zhǎng),其有創(chuàng)新性、實(shí)用性、折衷性等特點(diǎn),另一方面其繼續(xù)實(shí)施也面臨著低生產(chǎn)率、制造業(yè)極度萎縮、教育發(fā)展較慢、勞動(dòng)力素質(zhì)偏低等困境。
[Abstract]:In May 1997, Labour Party leader Tony Blair came to power as Britain's new prime minister, ending 18 consecutive years of Conservative rule. Before Blair's first government, Thatcher's "laissez-faire" policy created the myth of Britain's economic growth, and its economic performance generally showed a growing trend, but the laissez-faire policy also led to a widening gap between the rich and the poor. Social problems such as the loss of social morality. In the face of the domestic economic situation, Blair government put forward the "new mixed economy" policy. On the premise of retaining and inheriting Thatcher's "laissez-faire economy", the new mixed economic policy criticizes and innovates it. At the same time, the new mixed economic policy also absorbed the views of the old Labour Party and redefined the functions of the state. This paper tries to make a comprehensive and profound analysis of Blair's "new mixed economy", and to grasp the difference and connection between Blair's mixed economy and the old Labour Party's mixed economy and the Conservative neoliberal economic theory. To demonstrate the new changes in the economic theory of the New Labour Party in the contemporary era. Finally, this paper holds that the "new mixed economy" is in line with the development of the times. Although there are still bottlenecks in its development, the development of the new mixed economy is optimistic for some time to come. The main part of this paper consists of five parts: First, the domestic and international background put forward by the Blair government's "new mixed economy." in 1997, Britain was faced with capital flight brought about by economic globalization, the number of domestic unemployment rates increased, and the government spending on welfare was huge. The gap between the rich and the poor has widened, and the old Labour Party has lost the trust of the working class by insisting on an old policy that is out of keeping with the changing times. Under this international and domestic background, Blair government put forward the "new mixed economy" policy to solve the domestic economic problems urgently. Second, the Blair government's new idea of a "new mixed economy." On the issue of ownership, the New Labour Party abandoned the traditional requirement of public ownership and the goal of nationalization, and advocated the establishment of a "participatory society", that is, "social ownership for all"; in the case of the state and the market, Blair held that a balanced relationship between the state and the market should be maintained, that is, the order of the market needs to be regulated by the state, and the state plays a supervisory and regulatory role in the market. Third, the specific policies of the Blair government for the "new mixed economy." after Blair came to power in 1997, he put forward a series of economic policies: tight, transparent, macroeconomic monetary and fiscal policies; increased investment; and construction of the enterprise economy. Pay attention to education and training, create knowledge economy, develop tourism economy and other microeconomic policies. Fourth, the New Labour Party and the old Labour Party and the Conservative Party economic policy proposition comparison. In the policy of "new mixed economy" there is the abandonment of the ownership problem in the old Labor Party economy and the succession of the function of the state to regulate the market economy. At the same time, the New Labor Party's "new mixed economy" policy and the Conservative Party's economic policy have obvious convergence in maintaining privatization, increasing expenditure and reducing taxes, increasing productivity, etc., but there are differences in dealing with the relationship between the state and the market. Fifth, comment on the policy of "new mixed economy". On the one hand, the implementation of the "new mixed economy" policy has brought growth to the British economy, which is innovative, practical and eclectic. On the other hand, its continued implementation also faces low productivity, extremely shrinking manufacturing, and slow development of education. The quality of labor force is on the low side and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號(hào)】：F156.1;K561.5

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 王堅(jiān)紅;托馬斯·邁爾談“第三條道路”[J];當(dāng)代世界與社會(huì)主義;2000年01期

2 陶正付;布萊爾、克林頓“第三條道路”之比較[J];當(dāng)代世界社會(huì)主義問題;1999年04期

3 王軍;新工黨與2001年英國(guó)大選——兼論工黨與保守黨的“共識(shí)政治”[J];當(dāng)代世界社會(huì)主義問題;2001年02期

4 劉建飛;英國(guó)工黨的改革及其前途[J];當(dāng)代世界社會(huì)主義問題;1995年04期

5 黃潤(rùn)中;英國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展之路析示[J];國(guó)際關(guān)系學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2000年02期

6 高繼文;歐洲民主社會(huì)主義面臨的挑戰(zhàn)及其政策調(diào)整[J];國(guó)際觀察;1999年02期

7 胡淑慧,閆敏敏,陳強(qiáng);英國(guó)“第三條道路”成因探析[J];國(guó)際觀察;2003年05期

8 安東尼·吉登斯 ,馮茵;繼續(xù)求新——對(duì)英國(guó)工黨的現(xiàn)狀、問題與未來的分析[J];國(guó)際論壇;2002年04期

9 吳云;英國(guó)工黨獲勝的內(nèi)部原國(guó)[J];國(guó)際展望;1997年09期

10 張奕陽;布萊爾“新政”又邁出實(shí)質(zhì)性步伐[J];國(guó)際展望;1999年12期

，

本文編號(hào)：1975363