本文選題：亞歷山大城 + 基督教與世俗權(quán)力沖突��； 參考：《遼寧大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著公元4世紀(jì)初基督教的合法化,基督教勢力也日漸壯大。在這一過程中,羅馬帝國東部迎來了劇烈的社會和宗教變革,基督教不斷取得了羅馬帝國政府的宗教權(quán)力和精神權(quán)威,這一過程不是平靜的,而是伴有直接且劇烈的暴力沖突,在基督教與世俗權(quán)力不斷爭奪精神權(quán)威的過程中,位于羅馬帝國東部的城市亞歷山大城顯得尤為嚴(yán)重。在這一系列沖突中,尤為值得研究的是發(fā)生在公元415年的一系列沖突,這一系列沖突導(dǎo)致了當(dāng)時的著名女學(xué)者希帕提婭的死亡。本文以希帕提婭的死亡為研究出發(fā)點(diǎn),力圖真實還原公元4到5世紀(jì)發(fā)生在亞歷山大城的這一系列基督教與世俗權(quán)力沖突,嘗試對發(fā)生沖突的原因進(jìn)行解釋,并在此基礎(chǔ)上討論此時期亞歷山大城基督教與世俗權(quán)力沖突的特點(diǎn)。第一章首先介紹了亞歷山大城的政治概況。該章主要介紹基督教在亞歷山大城的傳播和發(fā)展,亞歷山大里亞學(xué)派和新柏拉圖主義在亞歷山大城的發(fā)展情況。第二章首先介紹了希帕提婭的生平,家學(xué)淵源和學(xué)術(shù)成就。然后介紹了發(fā)生在公元415年的一系列沖突的起因、經(jīng)過和結(jié)果。第三章主要探討希帕提婭之死的原因及影響。先是介紹了同一時代發(fā)生在羅馬帝國東部的其它三起沖突事件,意在說明亞歷山大城的沖突不斷惡化的過程,然后分析了希帕提婭卷入這一系列沖突的原因,最后介紹了希帕提婭之死的影響。在第四章中,本章對照分析了基督教會和羅馬帝國兩方面在這個時代發(fā)生的一系列變化。在基督教會方面,分析了主教、僧侶、殉道者在沖突當(dāng)中所起的作用和變化;在羅馬帝國方面則分析了皇帝、帝國的官員和市民階層在面臨與基督教會的沖突時的態(tài)度。亞歷山大城發(fā)達(dá)的世俗哲學(xué)成就使得本地的教會更愿意參與論戰(zhàn),而且內(nèi)部派系更為復(fù)雜。而基督教勢力的政治權(quán)力越發(fā)增強(qiáng)也使得基督教在沖突中日趨主動。公元4到5世紀(jì)的這段時間是羅馬帝國向一個基督教國家轉(zhuǎn)型的時期,轉(zhuǎn)型的過程中伴隨著嚴(yán)重的宗教與世俗權(quán)力沖突,而這種沖突是由于基督教會和世俗權(quán)力爭奪宗教權(quán)威而產(chǎn)生的,亞歷山大城因其復(fù)雜的社會組成和豐富的思想流派在這時期極易發(fā)生此類沖突,希帕提婭也是這種沖突的受害者。
[Abstract]:With the legalization of Christianity in the early 4 th century AD, Christian power grew. In this process, the eastern part of the Roman Empire ushered in drastic social and religious changes, and Christianity constantly gained the religious power and spiritual authority of the Roman Empire government. This process was not calm, but accompanied by direct and violent violence. The city of Alexandria, located in the eastern part of the Roman Empire, is especially serious in the process of Christian and secular power vying for spiritual authority. Of this series of conflicts, it is particularly worth studying the series of conflicts that occurred in 415 AD, which led to the death of Shipatia, a famous scholar at that time. Based on the death of Hipatia, this paper tries to restore the series of conflicts between Christianity and secular power that occurred in Alexandria in the 4th and 5th century AD, and tries to explain the causes of the conflicts. On this basis, the characteristics of the conflict between Christianity and secular power in Alexandria during this period are discussed. The first chapter introduces the political situation of Alexandria. This chapter mainly introduces the spread and development of Christianity in Alexandria and the development of Alexandria and Neo-Platonism in Alexandria. The second chapter introduces Hippatia's life, family origin and academic achievements. Then it introduces the causes, processes and results of a series of conflicts that occurred in AD 415. The third chapter mainly discusses the cause and influence of Hippatia's death. First introduced three other conflicts that occurred in the eastern part of the Roman Empire at the same time, intended to illustrate the worsening process of the conflict in Alexandria, and then analyzed the reasons why Chipatia was involved in this series of conflicts. Finally, the influence of Hippatia's death is introduced. In Chapter 4, this chapter analyzes a series of changes in this time between the Christian Church and the Roman Empire. The role and changes of bishops, monks, and martyrs in the conflict are analyzed in the Christian Church, and in the Roman Empire, the attitudes of the emperor, the imperial officials, and the townspeople in the face of conflict with the Christian Church are analyzed. Alexandria's developed secular philosophical achievements made the local church more willing to participate in the debate, and the internal factions were more complex. The increasing political power of Christian forces also made Christianity more active in conflict. The period from the 4th to 5th century AD was the transition of the Roman Empire to a Christian country, which was accompanied by serious conflicts of religious and secular power. This conflict arose from the struggle for religious authority between the Christian Church and secular power, and Alexandria was prone to such conflicts during this period because of its complex social composition and rich schools of thought. Hippatia was also the victim of such a conflict.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K12

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本文編號：1951934