本文選題：近代早期 + 英國��； 參考：《東北師范大學》2008年博士論文

【摘要】： 對書籍的審查在中外都有著悠久的歷史,然而現(xiàn)代意義上系統(tǒng)的書報審查的產(chǎn)生是以1450年左右歐洲活字印刷術(shù)的改進為物質(zhì)技術(shù)前提的。近代早期歐洲各國因政教體制不同審查類型各異,英國作為西歐由古代農(nóng)業(yè)社會向現(xiàn)代工業(yè)社會轉(zhuǎn)型過程中的“領(lǐng)頭羊”,其書報審查制度的演變歷來是國際學術(shù)界十分關(guān)注的問題。 西方學者對近代早期英國書報審查的研究起步較早,且取得了豐碩的成果。自18世紀以來,西方學者對該領(lǐng)域的研究經(jīng)歷了輝格派、修正派、后修正派的發(fā)展演變,研究視角日趨廣闊,理論方法更加科學,觀點認識也趨于客觀。上世紀末本世紀初,隨著越來越多的傳播學、文化社會學學者的加入,對近代早期英國書報審查制度的研究大有方興未艾之勢。相比之下,國內(nèi)學者對此問題的研究十分薄弱,缺乏全面系統(tǒng)的分析研究。 本文以1476-1695年英國書報審查制度的演變?yōu)檎w考察對象,以時間為序,著眼長時段,將宏觀的視角與微觀的研究進行有機的結(jié)合,考察了都鐸王朝、早期斯圖亞特王朝、英國革命和后期斯圖亞特王朝時期審查制度形成、確立、轉(zhuǎn)折和衰落的整個過程,力求揭示社會轉(zhuǎn)型與審查制度的演變之間的互動關(guān)系,給近代早期的英國書報審查一個準確的歷史定位。 圖書審查是作為文字載體的書籍產(chǎn)生后,當權(quán)者對危害統(tǒng)治或不敬神的言論或文字采取的鎮(zhèn)壓、控制行為。1476年威廉·卡克斯頓在英國印刷第一本書后,印刷的書籍、小冊子、期刊、新聞書等最早的大眾媒介形式成為近代早期英國的審查對象。近代早期英國書報審查制度伴隨著絕對主義王權(quán)的加強而確立,都鐸王朝行政、司法領(lǐng)域的改革為審查制度的確立奠定了基礎(chǔ)和保障,亨利八世時期開始的宗教改革使國教會成為主要的審查機器。1538年法令的頒布標志著以許可和特權(quán)授予為主要內(nèi)容的出版前審查制度的形成,瑪麗女王時期王室與書商公會在審查中的合作成為近代早期英國書報審查的特有形式,到伊麗莎白一世時期審查制度最終完善,并達到近代早期的至高點。 早期斯圖亞特王朝雖沿用都鐸王朝的審查政策,但王室與議會、國教會與普通法法庭之間的權(quán)力沖突以及書商公會內(nèi)部的利益之爭使這一時期的審查表面上日趨嚴厲,但審查效果卻不同以往。 1640年內(nèi)戰(zhàn)的爆發(fā)揭開了近代早期英國書報審查變革的序幕。絕對王權(quán)下的審查體系隨著王權(quán)的瓦解而崩潰,印刷出版業(yè)在20年內(nèi)的突飛猛進又使新審查體系的確立迫在眉睫。1640-1660年,英國的書報審查幾易其主,到克倫威爾統(tǒng)治時期,議會主導下的對書報的審查達到革命時期的最高峰。1660年斯圖亞特王朝復辟后,絕對主義王權(quán)企圖恢復革命前對印刷出版業(yè)的控制,于1662年頒布了許可證法,但資本主義經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展、民眾教育文化水平的提高、君主立憲政體的確立最終使該法令于1695年壽終正寢。1709年安妮女王出版法的頒布標志著以法律和經(jīng)濟手段為主的出版后審查階段的開始。 綜上所述,近代早期英國書報審查制度的演變既是英國社會政治、經(jīng)濟、思想文化等領(lǐng)域轉(zhuǎn)型的結(jié)果,又是社會轉(zhuǎn)型的重要組成部分。作為一個系統(tǒng)的制度,它的存廢、沿革與社會政治、宗教體制的變革休戚相關(guān),它的產(chǎn)生和演變又離不開15世紀中葉活字印刷技術(shù)的改進和圖書印刷出版業(yè)的發(fā)展,最后對書的查禁就是對思想文化的遏制,因而圖書審查的歷史又是一部思想史。因此,對近代早期英國書報審查的研究是一個一元多面的課題。此外,近代早期印刷媒介帶給歐洲的媒介控制問題,對于今天處于信息時代的我們?nèi)跃哂泻苤匾慕梃b意義。因此,對近代早期英國書報審查制度的研究是一個具有重要的歷史和現(xiàn)實價值的研究課題。
[Abstract]:The review of books has a long history in both China and foreign countries. However, in the modern sense, the systematic review of books and newspapers was based on the improvement of the European type printing in Europe in 1450. In early modern Europe, different types of censorship were made by different political and educational systems in European countries, and the British was made from ancient agricultural society to modern industrial society. In the process of transformation, the evolution of the censorship system has always been an issue of great concern to the international academic community.
The western scholars' research on the early modern British Book Newspaper review started earlier and achieved fruitful results. Since eighteenth Century, western scholars have experienced the development and evolution of the Whigs, revisionist and post revisionist in this field. The research perspective is becoming more and more extensive, the theory method is more scientific, the view is also objective. At the end of the last century At the beginning of the period, with the more and more communication studies and the joining of cultural sociology scholars, the research on the review system of English book newspapers in early modern times was in the ascendant. In contrast, the domestic scholars were very weak in the study and lack of comprehensive and systematic analysis and research.
This paper, based on the evolution of the review system of the 1476-1695 years English book and newspaper, is the object of the whole study. It combines the macro perspective with the microscopic study in a long period of time, and examines the formation, establishment, turning and decline of the Tudor Dynasty, the early Stuart Dynasty, the British revolution and the later Stuart Dynasty. The whole process aims to reveal the interactive relationship between social transformation and the evolution of censorship, and to give an accurate historical orientation for the early British book review.
Book censorship is the repression of words or words that have been created by a book as a word carrier. The right person's repression of words or words that are harmful to rule or unrespect, and to control the earliest forms of mass media, such as books, pamphlets, periodicals, and News Books, in.1476, after William Kakston's first book in Britain, became censorship in early modern Britain. The early modern British book review system was established with the strengthening of the absolute monarchy. The Tudor administration and the reform of the judicial field laid the foundation and guarantee for the establishment of the censorship. The religious reform, which began in Henry's eighth period, made the State Church become the main inspection machine.1538 decree, which marked the approval of the law. The formation of pre publication censorship of the privileges was given as the main content. The cooperation between the Queen's royal family and the bookseller in the Marie period became a unique form of the early modern British book review, and the Elizabeth I period censorship was finally perfected and reached the highest point in the early modern times.
Although the early Stuart Dynasty followed the Tudor's censorship policy, the power conflict between the royal family and the parliament, the state church and the common law court and the disputes within the bookseller's Guild made the examination on the surface increasingly severe, but the effect of the review was different.
The outbreak of the civil war in 1640 unveiled the prelude to the change in the review of the British Book newspapers in the early modern times. The censorship system under the absolute royal power collapsed with the collapse of the royal power. The rapid progress of the printing and publishing industry in 20 years made the establishment of the new censorship system imminent for.1640-1660 years. The review of the books and newspapers led by the parliament reached the peak of the period of the revolutionary period in the period of the restoration of the Stuart Dynasty in.1660. The absolute monarchy attempted to restore the control of the printing and publishing industry before the revolution. In 1662, the license law was promulgated, but the development of the capitalist economy, the improvement of the level of the civilian education, the establishment of the constitutional monarchy, and the establishment of the constitutional monarchy. The decree ended in 1695. The promulgation of Queen Anne's publishing law in.1709 marked the beginning of a post censorship stage dominated by legal and economic means.
To sum up, the evolution of the early modern British book review system is not only the result of the transformation of the British political, economic, ideological and cultural fields, but also an important part of the social transformation. As a systematic system, its existence and abolition are closely related to the change of social politics and religious system, and its production and evolution can not be separated from 15. The improvement of the movable type printing technology in the middle of the century and the development of the book printing and publishing industry. Finally, the prohibition of books is the containment of the ideology and culture. Therefore, the history of the book review is a history of thought. Therefore, the study of the review of the early modern English book newspapers is a one yuan and multi faceted topic. In addition, the early modern printing media brought to Europe. The problem of media control still has a very important reference for us in the information age. Therefore, the study of the early modern British book review system is a research subject of important historical and practical value.
【學位授予單位】：東北師范大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：K561

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 黃先蓉;劉玲武;;我國出版法制建設(shè)研究綜述[J];出版科學;2010年05期

2 劉颯;;淺析近代早期英國“星法院”法令的嬗變及原因[J];東北師大學報(哲學社會科學版);2012年04期

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本文編號：1948559