本文選題：朝鮮半島 + 三國紛爭　； 參考：《延邊大學(xué)》2007年博士論文

【摘要】： 本文以五至七世紀中葉的朝鮮半島三國紛爭為中心,主要考察其發(fā)現(xiàn)變化與東北亞政局的相互關(guān)系。內(nèi)容主要由緒論、正文和結(jié)語三部分構(gòu)成。 緒論主要闡述了研究動態(tài)、研究重點和研究視角及方法。 正文分為四章。第一章為“五世紀前后東北亞局勢與高句麗的擴張”。東晉時期中國北方處于長期的分裂混亂狀態(tài),權(quán)力中心的喪失進導(dǎo)致東北亞國際秩序處于無序狀態(tài)。與此同時,朝鮮半島上的高句麗、百濟、新羅三國也在此時獲得了長足發(fā)展,三國鼎足而立爭雄半島的序幕由此拉開。高句麗在這一時期的發(fā)展尤為迅猛。在西方,它利用中國北方的政局混亂,從后燕手中奪取了遼東地區(qū);在南方,高句麗占領(lǐng)了樂浪和帶方部分地區(qū),疆域擴展到了漢江流域,與謀求北進的百濟發(fā)生激烈矛盾。由于高句麗的強大,使新羅改變與百濟以往“兩國和好,約為兄弟”的友好關(guān)系,轉(zhuǎn)而與高句麗結(jié)好。高句麗憑借其強大的軍事力量,在廣開土王時期不僅壓制了百濟的北進,還援助新羅驅(qū)逐了百濟和倭的入侵,使新羅依附于自己,從而確立了在半島上的霸主地位。 第二章為“五世紀中葉朝鮮半島三國關(guān)系重組與東北亞南北對抗格局的形成”。進入五世紀中葉,隨著中國南北朝對峙局面的形成,出現(xiàn)了整體分裂,局部統(tǒng)一的態(tài)勢,對整個東北亞的局勢和朝鮮半島三國外交以及相互之間的關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)變都產(chǎn)生了深遠影響,由此高句麗、百濟、新羅三國關(guān)系也形成了新的格局。高句麗調(diào)整其戰(zhàn)略,一方面積極穩(wěn)定與南北朝尤其是與北魏的關(guān)系,另一方面則加快了南進的步伐,所采取的重要舉措之一便是遷都平壤。累世與高句麗為敵的百濟為抵御來自高句麗的南進壓力,也進行了積極的外交斡旋,試圖從外圍建立對高句麗的包圍圈,同高句麗展開了激烈的外交競爭。這種努力主要表現(xiàn)在,首先在朝鮮半島內(nèi)主動改善與新羅的關(guān)系,與新羅建立同盟以共同抵制高句麗的南進,同時發(fā)展與中國南朝的友好關(guān)系;另外百濟還試圖想說服北魏攻打高句麗,以及欲聯(lián)合勿吉攻打高句麗。而新羅則為了擺脫高句麗在政治、軍事等方面的干涉,到訥祗王時期開始出現(xiàn)了擺脫高句麗控制的傾向。五世紀五十年代左右還與百濟結(jié)成軍事同盟來對抗高句麗。由此,在朝鮮半島形成了百濟與新羅結(jié)盟對抗高句麗的局面,在東北亞地區(qū)則形成了高句麗主要與中國北朝結(jié)好、百濟與南朝交往以及中國南北的對峙的局面,從而在整體上形成南北對抗的格局并一直延續(xù)到六世紀前半期。 第三章為“六世紀中葉至七世紀初三國相持局面的形成與東北亞政局的變遷”。進入六世紀中葉以后,高句麗、百濟、新羅三國國力強弱有所變化。陽原王統(tǒng)治時期,國內(nèi)由于王權(quán)之爭而導(dǎo)致政局混亂,外部則面臨著北齊和突厥等新興勢力的威脅,高句麗陷入內(nèi)外交困的困境之中,這種情況迫使高句麗暫緩其南進的步伐,全力應(yīng)對西北局勢的變化,在半島的爭霸斗爭中只能處于守勢。百濟方面,在475年遭受高句麗摧毀國都而遷都熊津的重創(chuàng)之后,經(jīng)過東城王、武寧王等幾代王的統(tǒng)治,到圣王時期出現(xiàn)了中興面貌,并對高句麗采取了積極的進攻,以圖收復(fù)漢江流域。但由于盟友新羅的背叛,百濟再次受到了其歷史發(fā)展中的重創(chuàng)。而一直在高句麗和百濟兩強夾縫中生存的新羅則從智證王、法興王時期開始整備國家體制,國力不斷加強,到真興王時期大力開拓疆土,從朝鮮半島東南一隅的小國發(fā)展成為地跨朝鮮半島東南和東部的大國。尤其重要的是,利用高句麗與百濟相爭的時機,新羅奪取了具有重要經(jīng)濟和戰(zhàn)略意義的漢江流域,對此后新羅的歷史發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了深遠的影響。但新羅也因此與百濟反目,導(dǎo)致了一百多年同盟關(guān)系的破裂。由于三國間的國力消長,三國轉(zhuǎn)而進入了相持階段。與此相伴則是三國都致力于在外交上拓展自己的空間,形成了東北亞的多元外交格局。隨著六世紀末中國隋朝的出現(xiàn)和統(tǒng)一,三國的外交中心都轉(zhuǎn)向了隋朝,其中隋朝與高句麗的矛盾成為東北亞的主要矛盾,百濟利用這一時機派兵重開對新羅的進攻,東北亞再次進入戰(zhàn)爭對峙狀態(tài)。 第四章為“七世紀中后期朝鮮半島三國紛爭終結(jié)與東北亞政治新格局的形成”。進入七世紀以后,新羅與百濟的矛盾不斷激化,成為朝鮮半島上的主要矛盾。繼隋而興的唐王朝在高祖和太宗初期基本上保持了對半島三國的均衡外交。隨著周邊局勢的穩(wěn)定,進入四十年代高句麗與唐朝的矛盾開始凸顯出來,成為東北亞最主要矛盾,而高句麗的強硬使唐太宗最終發(fā)動了對高句麗的征伐。高宗即位初期,唐朝改變對高旬麗的征伐戰(zhàn)略,實施消耗其國力的長期戰(zhàn)略。五十年代半島經(jīng)歷了短暫平靜,經(jīng)過新的力量整合,在東北亞地區(qū)形成了以新羅和唐朝為一方,高句麗、百濟、倭為一方的兩大同盟力量的對抗,半島三國紛爭演變?yōu)橐粓錾婕皷|北亞各國的國際戰(zhàn)爭,其結(jié)果是百濟、高句麗的先后滅亡和倭國勢力從朝鮮半島的退出。這不僅宣告了幾個世紀朝鮮半島三國紛爭的終結(jié),也拉開了東北亞世界新政治格局形成的序幕。隨著半島局勢的變化,唐朝與新羅之間潛在的矛盾開始激化,最終導(dǎo)致兵戎相見。由于唐朝受西北局勢的影響,不得不對朝鮮半島采取退守政策,新羅最終實現(xiàn)了對朝鮮半島大部分的統(tǒng)治,以嶄新的國家面貌出現(xiàn)東北亞歷史舞臺,由此促成了東北亞地區(qū)政治新格局的形成。 結(jié)論部分從三個方面總結(jié)了全文要點。
[Abstract]:This paper focuses on the conflict between the three countries of the Korean peninsula from five to seventh Century, and mainly examines the relationship between the discovery and changes and the political situation of Northeast Asia. The content is mainly composed of the introduction, the text and the conclusion of the three parts.
The introduction mainly describes research trends, research priorities, research perspectives and methods.
The text is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is "the situation of Northeast Asia before and after fifth Century and the expansion of Gao Gu Li". In the period of the Eastern Jin period, the northern China was in a state of long split and chaos, and the loss of the power center led to the disorder of the international order of Northeast Asia. At the same time, high sentence Li, Baiji, and Xinluo on the Korean peninsula were also obtained at this time. In the west, it took advantage of the political situation in the north of China to seize the Liaodong area from the back of the Yan's hand; in the south, kooyu occupied leulo and some parts of the region, extending to the Hanjiang River Basin, and seeking to move north to the north. Since koouli was strong, Xinluo changed its friendly relationship with Baji's former "two countries and the brothers", and turned to koouli. With its powerful military force, koouli not only suppressed the northern advance of Baji, but also helped Xinluo to expel the invasion of Baji and bonobos. Roy attached himself to himself, thus establishing a hegemonic position on the peninsula.
The second chapter is "the restructuring of the relations between the three countries of the Korean Peninsula in the middle of the fifth Century and the formation of the confrontation pattern between the north and the north of the Northeast Asia". In the middle of the fifth Century, with the formation of the confrontation between the north and the North of China, the situation of the whole division, the local unification, the situation of the whole Northeast Asia and the relations between the three countries of the Korean Peninsula and the relations between the three countries of the peninsula and the relations between the north and the South were changed. The relationship between the Three Kingdoms of Gao Gu Li, Baiji and Xinluo has also formed a new pattern. On the one hand, Gao Gu Li's strategy is to stabilize the relationship between the north and the north, especially the Northern Wei, and on the other hand, the step of the south is quickened. One of the important measures taken is to move to Pyongyang. In order to resist the southward pressure from Ko Ko Li, it also carried out a positive diplomatic mediation, trying to set up a circle of encirclement to Gao Juli from the periphery, and launched fierce diplomatic competition with Ko Ko Li, which is mainly manifested in the first initiative to improve relations with Xinluo on the Korean Peninsula and to establish an alliance with Xinluo in order to boycott Ko KULI's south. In the meantime, the new Luo Ze tried to persuade the Northern Wei to attack Ko KULI and to unite with Ko KULI. In order to get rid of the interference of Ko Ko Li in politics and military affairs, the tendency of getting rid of Ko Ko Li's control in the period of the king of the Dejun in the period of 450s was also left and right. The military alliance with Baiji was formed to combat Gao Gu Li. Thus, in the Korean Peninsula, the alliance of Baiji and Xinluo formed a situation against Gao Gu Li. In the Northeast Asia, he formed a situation in which Gao Gu Li was mainly in connection with the Northern Dynasties of China, Baiji and Southern Dynasties, as well as the confrontation between the north and the south of China, thus forming a pattern of confrontation between the north and the South on the whole. It continued until the first half of sixth Century.
The third chapter was "the formation of the stalemate situation of the Three Kingdoms in the middle of the sixth Century to the early seventh Century" and the changes in the political situation of Northeast Asia. After the middle of sixth Century, the strength and weakness of the national strength of the Three Kingdoms of Gao Gu Li, Baiji and Xinluo changed. With the threat of force, Gao Gu Li is in the plight of internal and external difficulties. This situation compels Gao Gu Li to postpone its step in the south, to deal with the change of the northwest situation, to be only on the defensive in the struggle for hegemony in the peninsula. On behalf of the king, the reign of the emperor appeared in the period of the king's period, and a positive attack was taken to regain the Hanjiang River Basin. But because of the betrayal of the ally Xinluo, the baiji was once again hit by its historical development. And the Xinluo, which had been deposited in the two joints of the high Julie and Baiji, began to start from the king of the wizenas and the king of France. To prepare the state system and strengthen its national strength, we have made great efforts to exploit the territory in the period of Wang Zhen Xing. The small country in the southeast corner of the Korean Peninsula has developed into a large country across the southeast and east of the Korean Peninsula. It is especially important that Xinluo seize the Hanjiang river basin with important economic and strategic significance by taking advantage of the timing of the contending between Ko Koli and Baiji. The historical development of Luo has had a profound influence. But Xinluo has also led to the break up of more than 100 years of alliance with Baiji, which has led to the phase of stalemate because of the national strength between the three countries, and the three countries are committed to expanding their own space in diplomacy and forming a multi diplomatic pattern of Northeast Asia. With the emergence and unification of the Sui Dynasty at the end of the sixth Century, the diplomatic center of the three countries turned to the Sui Dynasty, in which the contradiction between the Sui Dynasty and Gao Gu Li became the main contradiction in Northeast Asia. Baiji made use of this opportunity to send troops to reopen the attack on Xinluo and Northeast Asia again into the state of the war.
The fourth chapter is "the end of the Three Kingdoms of the Korean Peninsula in the middle and late seventh Century and the formation of a new political pattern of the Northeast Asia". After the seventh Century, the contradiction between Xinluo and Baiji became the main contradiction on the Korean Peninsula. With the stability of the surrounding situation, the contradiction between Ko Koli and the Tang Dynasty began to highlight in the 40s, and became the most important contradiction in Northeast Asia. While Ko Koli's hard line made Tang Taizong finally start the expedition to Ko Koli. In the early days of the emperor Gao Zong, the Tang Dynasty changed the war on Gao Xunli's logging strategy and carried out the long-term strategy of consuming its national strength. 50s The peninsula, through a short calmness, has formed a confrontation between the two allies of Xinluo and the Tang Dynasty as one side, go Guli, Baiji and bonobos in the Northeast Asia. The conflict between the Three Kingdoms evolved into an international war involving the countries of Northeast Asia. The result was the perdition of the baiji, the successively perishing of gojuli and the Japanese bonobos The withdrawal of the Korean Peninsula not only declared the end of the dispute over the Three Kingdoms of the Korean Peninsula in several centuries, but also opened the prelude to the formation of the new political pattern of the Northeast Asian world. With the change of the peninsula situation, the potential contradiction between the Tang and Xinluo began to intensify and eventually led to the war of war. The influence of the Tang Dynasty on the northwest situation had to be made to the North Korea. When the fresh Peninsula adopted a policy of retreat, Xinluo finally realized most of the rule of the Korean Peninsula and appeared in the historical stage of Northeast Asia with a new state of state, thus contributing to the formation of a new political pattern in Northeast Asia.
The conclusion summarizes the main points of the full text in three aspects.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延邊大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：K312

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