本文選題：共識(shí)政治 + 工黨��； 參考：《天津師范大學(xué)》2008年碩士論文

【摘要】： 第二次世界大戰(zhàn)后,英國(guó)政治的一個(gè)重要特點(diǎn)是,從艾德禮政府到70年代中期的30多年里,英國(guó)保守黨和工黨不論哪個(gè)黨上臺(tái)執(zhí)政,都執(zhí)行大體一致的內(nèi)外政策,在一系列重大國(guó)內(nèi)外政策上達(dá)成共識(shí),出現(xiàn)了所謂的“共識(shí)政治”局面。對(duì)于“共識(shí)政治”的研究,英國(guó)學(xué)者和國(guó)內(nèi)學(xué)者都有了一定的研究,學(xué)界都認(rèn)為戰(zhàn)后英國(guó)經(jīng)歷了兩次共識(shí)政治,第一次是二戰(zhàn)后到1979年撒切爾夫人上臺(tái)執(zhí)政時(shí)期,這段時(shí)間的共識(shí)政治被認(rèn)為是“社會(huì)民主主義共識(shí)”,即保守黨逐漸向工黨傾斜、轉(zhuǎn)移,實(shí)行的是“巴茨克爾主義”。第二次共識(shí)政治是1998年工黨布萊爾上臺(tái)執(zhí)政至今,即所謂的“新自由主義共識(shí)”。這段時(shí)期工黨執(zhí)行的一些政策繼承了撒切爾夫人執(zhí)政時(shí)期的一些政策,這些政策被統(tǒng)稱為“第三條道路”,“第三條道路”是工黨區(qū)別舊社會(huì)民主主義和新自由主義,而實(shí)際上工黨的“第三條道路”的一些政策也被人們稱為“布萊切爾主義”。 本文主要闡述的是英國(guó)戰(zhàn)后的第一次共識(shí)政治(1945——1979)。文章共分為四部分,第一部分主要闡述英國(guó)共識(shí)政治的概念、研究現(xiàn)狀和研究意義。本文主要對(duì)共識(shí)政治的概念進(jìn)行分析,并區(qū)別出共識(shí)政治與政治共識(shí)、政策共識(shí),以此來(lái)展開對(duì)共識(shí)政治的認(rèn)識(shí)。第二部分主要說明戰(zhàn)后英國(guó)共識(shí)政治的內(nèi)容,主要從意識(shí)形態(tài)共識(shí)、政治共識(shí)和政策共識(shí)三方面來(lái)說明。當(dāng)前學(xué)界對(duì)共識(shí)政治只集中在政策共識(shí)方面的介紹,雖然對(duì)意識(shí)形態(tài)共識(shí)和政治共識(shí)有所涉及,但沒有具體闡述。第三部分是對(duì)戰(zhàn)后英國(guó)共識(shí)政治形成的原因進(jìn)行分析,主要從歷史背景、經(jīng)濟(jì)根源、政治體制和階級(jí)因素進(jìn)行理解。第四部分主要介紹戰(zhàn)后英國(guó)第一次共識(shí)政治的破產(chǎn)并對(duì)其進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。 戰(zhàn)后英國(guó)的共識(shí)政治,在英國(guó)歷史上發(fā)揮了重要的作用,也成為了戰(zhàn)后英國(guó)政治的一個(gè)重要特點(diǎn)。對(duì)戰(zhàn)后共識(shí)政治的研究,不僅僅對(duì)英國(guó)的歷史研究具有重要意義,對(duì)世界社會(huì)主義運(yùn)動(dòng)的研究也有重要的意義。
[Abstract]:After the second World War, an important feature of British politics was that, during the more than 30 years from the Attlee Administration to the mid-1970s, the Conservative Party and the Labour Party, no matter which party came to power, all carried out broadly the same internal and external policies. In a series of major domestic and foreign policies reached consensus, the emergence of the so-called "consensus politics" situation. For the study of "consensus politics", both British and domestic scholars have studied it to a certain extent. Scholars believe that the United Kingdom experienced two consensus politics after the war, the first of which was after World War II and when Mrs. Thatcher came to power in 1979. The consensus politics of this period is regarded as the "social democratic consensus", that is, the Conservative Party is gradually tilting to the Labour Party, the transfer, and the implementation of "Barzkelism." The second consensus politics came into power in 1998, the so-called "neoliberal consensus". Some of the policies carried out by the Labour Party during this period inherited some of the policies of Thatcher's administration, which were collectively referred to as the "third way", which was the Labour Party's distinction between old democracy and neoliberalism. In fact, some of Labour's "third way" policies are also known as "Bracherism." This article mainly expounds the first consensus politics of Britain after the war, 1945-1979. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part mainly expounds the concept, research status and significance of British consensus politics. This paper mainly analyzes the concept of consensus politics, and differentiates consensus politics, political consensus and policy consensus so as to develop the understanding of consensus politics. The second part mainly explains the content of postwar British consensus politics, mainly from three aspects of ideological consensus, political consensus and policy consensus. At present, consensus politics is only focused on the policy consensus in academic circles. Although it involves ideological consensus and political consensus, it is not elaborated in detail. The third part is an analysis of the causes of the formation of postwar British consensus politics, mainly from the historical background, economic roots, political system and class factors. The fourth part mainly introduces the bankruptcy of the first consensus politics in postwar Britain and evaluates it. The consensus politics of postwar Britain played an important role in British history and became an important feature of postwar British politics. The study of postwar consensus politics is of great significance not only to the study of British history, but also to the study of the world socialist movement.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號(hào)】：K561.5

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 賈麗麗;英國(guó)艾德禮工黨政府就業(yè)政策研究[D];山東師范大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號(hào)：1903651