發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-15 18:37

  本文選題：美日關(guān)系 + 天皇制　； 參考：《史學(xué)集刊》2017年05期

【摘要】：自明治維新以來,日本建立了以天皇制為核心的政治體制。在近代日本的對(duì)外侵略擴(kuò)張中,天皇制發(fā)揮了重要作用。在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)尚未結(jié)束之時(shí),美國便已確定對(duì)戰(zhàn)后日本進(jìn)行根本性的改造,而天皇制問題則以其重要性成為對(duì)日改造政策中的重要一環(huán)。美國政府內(nèi)部對(duì)于戰(zhàn)后天皇制問題的觀點(diǎn)可分為兩種:日本派從短期利益的角度,強(qiáng)調(diào)保留天皇對(duì)促成投降和占領(lǐng)改造的重要性,主張戰(zhàn)后暫時(shí)保留天皇并利用天皇部分權(quán)力進(jìn)行占領(lǐng)改造工作;而強(qiáng)硬派則從長期利益的角度,強(qiáng)調(diào)天皇的戰(zhàn)爭責(zé)任及其同軍國主義之間的密切聯(lián)系等危害性,主張戰(zhàn)后不利用并廢除天皇制。美國確立的戰(zhàn)后天皇制政策最終將兩派觀點(diǎn)相結(jié)合,既采納了日本派暫時(shí)保留和利用天皇制的意見,更體現(xiàn)了強(qiáng)硬派所主張的削弱天皇制影響的主張,并在戰(zhàn)后改造中予以實(shí)施。
[Abstract]:Since the Meiji Restoration, Japan has established a political system centered on the imperial system. The imperial system played an important role in the foreign invasion and expansion of modern Japan. Before the end of the second World War, the United States had decided to carry out a fundamental reform of Japan after the war, and the question of the imperial system had become an important part of the reform policy towards Japan because of its importance. There are two points of view within the United States Government on the question of the post-war imperial system: the Japanese faction, from the perspective of short-term interests, stressed the importance of retaining the emperor in order to bring about the surrender and reform of occupation. They advocated the temporary retention of the emperor after the war and the use of part of the emperor's power for occupation and transformation; while the hardliners emphasized the dangers of the emperor's responsibility for the war and its close links with militarism from the perspective of long-term interests. Advocated not to use and abolish the imperial system after the war. The postwar imperial system policy established by the United States finally combined the views of the two schools of thought, which not only adopted the views of the Japanese faction to retain and utilize the imperial system temporarily, but also reflected the idea advocated by the hardliners to weaken the influence of the imperial system. And in the post-war transformation to be implemented.
【作者單位】： 吉林大學(xué)東北亞研究院;
【分類號(hào)】：K313.46;K712.53
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本文編號(hào)：1893454