本文選題：尼克松 + 外交戰(zhàn)略思想��； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2009年博士論文

【摘要】： 尼克松是美國(guó)著名的政治家和外交家。尼克松不僅在擔(dān)任美國(guó)總統(tǒng)時(shí)取得了舉世矚目的外交成就,而且在晚年的著作中,系統(tǒng)地闡述了自己豐富而深邃的外交戰(zhàn)略思想。尼克松將冷戰(zhàn)視為美蘇兩國(guó)為代表的兩種社會(huì)制度、兩種意識(shí)形態(tài)的全面對(duì)抗,是一場(chǎng)“真正的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”。但美蘇兩國(guó)核力量的恐怖平衡又排除了雙方以戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)手段解決矛盾,因此,美國(guó)只能以“威懾、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、談判”相結(jié)合的綜合戰(zhàn)略對(duì)抗蘇聯(lián),謀求“不戰(zhàn)而勝”。美國(guó)的使命感和霸權(quán)意識(shí)使尼克松一生狂熱追求美國(guó)在世界上的支配地位,他認(rèn)為美國(guó)必須而且能夠在世界上發(fā)揮“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)作用”。冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后,尼克松大聲疾呼美國(guó)要“抓住時(shí)機(jī)”、“超越和平”,為美國(guó)設(shè)計(jì)了獨(dú)霸世界的藍(lán)圖:在歐洲建立一個(gè)“跨大西洋的大家庭”;在俄羅斯鞏固“自由的勝利”;在中國(guó)通過接觸“和平演變”;在日本利用與防范“潛在的對(duì)手”;在發(fā)展中世界開拓“自由的最后邊疆”;在穆斯林世界避免“文明之間的沖突”。冷戰(zhàn)及冷戰(zhàn)后的事實(shí)表明,尼克松善于洞察和把握國(guó)際格局和世界上各種戰(zhàn)略力量此消彼長(zhǎng)的變化和發(fā)展趨勢(shì),從而使他的戰(zhàn)略主張具有一定的現(xiàn)實(shí)性和預(yù)見性。但頑固不化的反共意識(shí)和霸權(quán)意識(shí),也制約了尼克松的戰(zhàn)略視野,政治偏見使他追求的“自由事業(yè)在全世界的勝利”夢(mèng)想,只能同他一起告別歷史的舞臺(tái)。
[Abstract]:Nixon was a famous American statesman and diplomat. Nixon not only made remarkable diplomatic achievements when he was president of the United States, but also systematically expounded his rich and profound diplomatic strategic thoughts in his later works. Nixon regarded the Cold War as a "real war" between the United States and the Soviet Union as represented by two social systems and two ideologies. However, the balance of terror between the nuclear forces of the United States and the Soviet Union precludes the two sides from resolving their contradictions by means of war. Therefore, the United States can only use a comprehensive strategy of "deterrence, competition, and negotiation" to confront the Soviet Union and seek "victory without war." The sense of mission and hegemony of the United States led Nixon to pursue the dominant position of the United States in the world all his life. He believed that the United States must and could play a "leading role" in the world. After the end of the Cold War, Nixon loudly called on the United States to "seize the opportunity", "transcend peace", designed a blueprint for the United States to dominate the world: to build a "transatlantic family" in Europe, to consolidate the "victory of freedom" in Russia; "peaceful evolution" in China; exploitation and prevention of "potential adversaries" in Japan; "the last frontier of freedom" in the developing world; and avoidance of "clash of civilizations" in the Muslim world. Facts from the Cold War and after the Cold War showed that Nixon was good at understanding and grasping the changes and development trends of the international structure and various strategic forces in the world, thus making his strategic proposition realistic and predictable. However, stubborn anti-Communist consciousness and hegemonic consciousness also restricted Nixon's strategic vision. Political prejudice made him pursue the dream of "victory of the cause of freedom in the world", and he could only bid farewell to the stage of history with him.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號(hào)】：K712.5

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 徐皓;大國(guó)和領(lǐng)袖 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與和平[D];華中師范大學(xué);2011年

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