發(fā)布時間：2018-05-11 19:16

  本文選題：羅馬共和國 + 海盜　； 參考：《遼寧大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在古代的文獻中有許多關于海盜的記載,海盜的歷史從人們最初下海就已經(jīng)開始了,直到今天仍然存在。海盜以及海盜活動是一直存在并且貫穿于整個歷史之中的,我們無法忽略它的存在。在古代地中海,海盜更是與這一地區(qū)的歷史發(fā)展相伴隨。就古羅馬時期而言,海盜活動在時間上貫穿了其歷史發(fā)展的各個階段,在空間上海盜活動的范圍也幾乎遍及整個地中海�？梢哉f,海盜活動與古羅馬歷史緊密相關。本文由緒論、正文、結語三部分組成。緒論部分主要介紹了國內外學者對本課題的研究情況,以及研究此課題的意義。正文第一部分,簡要介紹羅馬共和國前地中海海盜狀況以及演變。從海盜活動產生的動因,海盜的社會地位以及早期海盜的劫掠活動三個方面介紹了早期海盜以及海盜行為,而且提到了公元前8—6世紀的東西部地中海海盜以及海盜行為,為描寫共和國地中海海盜做了鋪墊。正文第二部分,主要介紹共和時期的海盜以及具體的海盜行為,分析了海盜猖獗的原因。共和國早期和中期,根據(jù)海盜的活動區(qū)域劃分了五大海盜集團。海盜活動比較猖獗,對羅馬的政治、經(jīng)濟造成嚴重威脅。海盜猖獗的原因可以總結為三點,第一,隨著羅馬的擴張,奴隸制大發(fā)展,階級矛盾尖銳,窮人們紛紛加入海盜。第二,羅馬的地理環(huán)境也為海盜活動提供了便利。第三,隨著羅馬的不斷對外擴張,尤其是羅馬通過三次布匿戰(zhàn)爭,終于征服了海上強國迦太基。于是腓尼基人開始伺機報復。他們同自己曾經(jīng)的競爭對手希臘人組成聯(lián)盟,一起從事海盜活動,騷擾破壞羅馬的海運。正文第三部分,主要介紹羅馬以及其盟友通過立法與武力對海盜進行打擊與鎮(zhèn)壓,此外作為共和國海盜問題的延續(xù)還提到了帝國時期的海盜狀況。正文第四部分,闡述了海盜與羅馬的政治、軍事之間的聯(lián)系。在羅馬共和國的末期,“海盜”在羅馬共和國內部的政治斗爭中成為了一個打擊政敵的工具,并且與羅馬海軍的消長有一定聯(lián)系。本文在結語部分對共和時期的海盜以及海盜行為做了分析與總結,并且對于解決現(xiàn)代海盜問題提出了自己的看法。海盜和海盜劫掠的歷史只是紛繁復雜的羅馬史的一面,或許不是最重要的,但是通過這個視角來研究古羅馬的歷史會更加豐富立體。
[Abstract]:There are many records of pirates in ancient literature, the history of pirates has been in the sea since the beginning, still exists today. Piracy and piracy exist throughout history, and we cannot ignore its existence. In the ancient Mediterranean, pirates were even more associated with the historical development of the region. In ancient Rome, piracy ran through all stages of its history in time, and almost all over the Mediterranean Sea in space. It can be said that piracy is closely related to the history of ancient Rome. This paper consists of three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction part mainly introduces the domestic and foreign scholars' research on this subject, and the significance of the research. The first part of the text briefly introduces the situation and evolution of pre-Mediterranean piracy in the Roman Republic. From three aspects of the causes of piracy, the social status of pirates and the looting of early pirates, this paper introduces the early pirates and piracy, and refers to the eastern and western Mediterranean pirates and piracy in the 8-6 century BC. It paved the way for describing the Mediterranean pirates of the Republic. The second part of the text mainly introduces pirates and specific acts of piracy in the Republican period, and analyzes the reasons for rampant piracy. In the early and middle stages of the Republic, five major pirate groups were divided according to the area of piracy. Piracy is rampant and poses a serious threat to Rome's politics and economy. The reasons for rampant piracy can be summed up in three points. First, with the expansion of Rome, slavery, class conflicts, the poor joined the pirates. Second, Rome's geographical environment also facilitated piracy. Third, with the continuous expansion of Rome, especially through the three Punic Wars, Rome finally conquered Carthage. So the Phoenicians began to wait for revenge. They confederated with their former rival, the Greeks, engaged in piracy and harassed the destruction of Roman shipping. The third part of the text mainly introduces Rome and its allies through legislation and force to fight against and suppress pirates, in addition, as a continuation of the problem of piracy in the Republic also mentioned the situation of piracy in the imperial period. The fourth part of the text expounds the relationship between piracy and Roman politics and military. At the end of the Roman Republic, Pirates became a tool against political opponents in the political struggle within the Roman Republic, and had a certain connection with the growth and decline of the Roman Navy. In the conclusion part, the author analyzes and summarizes the piracy and piracy in the Republican period, and puts forward its own views on solving the problem of modern piracy. The history of piracy and piracy looting is only one side of the complicated history of Rome, perhaps not the most important, but studying the history of ancient Rome through this perspective will be more three-dimensional.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K126

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本文編號：1875229