發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-01 05:33

  本文選題：寺子屋教育 + 師匠��； 參考：《南開(kāi)大學(xué)》2009年博士論文

【摘要】： 日本的寺子屋是專(zhuān)門(mén)為平民子弟開(kāi)設(shè)的教育機(jī)關(guān)。它起源于中世,普及于江戶(hù)時(shí)代,大部分寺子屋在明治時(shí)代被改組成為近代小學(xué)校。寺子屋是在太平安定的社會(huì)環(huán)境下,在商品經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的推動(dòng)下,適應(yīng)庶民階層的需要,自發(fā)產(chǎn)生的教育機(jī)構(gòu),它的興起、發(fā)展和繁榮受到了當(dāng)時(shí)的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化等因素的影響和制約。 在寺子屋教育過(guò)程中,師匠通過(guò)教育活動(dòng)將知識(shí)文化和行為規(guī)范傳授給新一代,使他們能夠勝任其相應(yīng)的社會(huì)角色。寺子屋師匠身份復(fù)雜,其中平民師匠最多。大部分寺子屋的師匠就是寺子屋的經(jīng)營(yíng)者,他們通過(guò)收取束惰和謝禮等學(xué)費(fèi)來(lái)維持寺子屋的經(jīng)營(yíng)。師生關(guān)系不是建立在金錢(qián)之上,師匠的實(shí)踐業(yè)績(jī)澤惠后世,受到人們的肯定與尊重,師生關(guān)系大都和睦融洽。寺子屋教育打破了身份制度,實(shí)行男女共學(xué),不少女孩子也因此有了受教育的機(jī)會(huì),女師匠和女性經(jīng)營(yíng)者也隨之誕生。 寺子屋教育是蒙學(xué)教育,寺子主要學(xué)習(xí)讀、寫(xiě)、算等基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。其教學(xué)內(nèi)容和方法既符合社會(huì)進(jìn)步和發(fā)展的需要,體現(xiàn)時(shí)代特征,又切合生活實(shí)際,適合寺子身心發(fā)展的特征。隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展,寺子屋的教學(xué)內(nèi)容增添了地理、歷史和自然等科學(xué)知識(shí),課程設(shè)置由單一性向綜合性方向發(fā)展,課程門(mén)類(lèi)日漸增多,往來(lái)物教材也豐富多彩。寺子屋辦學(xué)靈活多樣,寺子的課余生活異彩紛呈。 寺子屋教育在日本教育史上發(fā)揮了不可忽視的作用。它的發(fā)展跨越了日本三個(gè)時(shí)期:中世、近世和近代。它不僅體現(xiàn)了日本教育以及日本社會(huì)的變遷,而且為日本普及基礎(chǔ)教育,提高民族文化和道德素質(zhì)發(fā)揮了重要的作用,并為日本的教育近代化打下了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:The Japanese temple house is a special educational institution for the children of the common people. It originated in the Middle Age, popularized in the Edo era, most of the temple house in the Meiji era was reorganized into a modern primary school. The temple house was a spontaneous educational institution in the peaceful and stable social environment, promoted by the development of commodity economy and adapted to the needs of the ordinary people. Its rise, development and prosperity were subject to the politics of that time. Economic and cultural factors and other factors and constraints. In the process of temple house education, teachers and craftsmen pass on knowledge culture and behavior norms to the new generation through educational activities, so that they can be qualified for their corresponding social roles. The identity of the monastery house master craftsman is complex, among them the civilian division craftsman is the most. Most of the masters of the temple house are the owners of the temple house. They maintain the temple house by charging tuition fees such as idleness and thank-you. The relationship between teachers and students is not based on money. The education of the temple house broke the identity system and carried out the co-education of men and women. As a result, many girls had the opportunity to receive education, and female teachers and managers were born. Temple-house education is the education of learning, the temple mainly learn to read, write, calculate and other basic knowledge. The teaching contents and methods not only meet the needs of social progress and development, but also fit for the reality of life and the physical and mental development of monasteries. With the development of the society, the teaching contents of the temple house have added the scientific knowledge of geography, history and nature, the curriculum has developed from singularity to comprehensiveness, the categories of courses are increasing day by day, and the teaching materials are also rich and colorful. The school of the temple house is flexible and diverse, and the school life of the temple is rich and colorful. Temple house education has played an important role in the history of Japanese education. Its development spanned three periods in Japan: middle, modern and modern. It not only reflects the changes of Japanese education and Japanese society, but also plays an important role in popularizing basic education, improving national culture and moral quality, and lays a solid foundation for the modernization of Japanese education.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南開(kāi)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K313

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 沈遠(yuǎn);;日本傳統(tǒng)文化在日本社會(huì)教育活動(dòng)中的滲透[J];長(zhǎng)春教育學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2012年02期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 任凱強(qiáng);近代以來(lái)日本農(nóng)村學(xué)校教育發(fā)展研究[D];西北師范大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號(hào)：1827974