本文選題：德意日蘇“四國聯(lián)合” + 德日蘇關(guān)系　； 參考：《華東師范大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文

【摘要】： 所謂德意日蘇“四國聯(lián)合”構(gòu)想,是在1939年蘇德互不侵犯條約簽訂前后,納粹德國與法西斯日本曾經(jīng)產(chǎn)生的一個奇妙的構(gòu)想,即將蘇聯(lián)拉入德國、日本及意大利的法西斯陣營,結(jié)成德意日蘇四國的聯(lián)合,與以英國為代表的西方陣營形成對抗。這一未成現(xiàn)實的構(gòu)想始終未得到學(xué)術(shù)界應(yīng)有的關(guān)注。本文主要論述該構(gòu)想的產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展以及破產(chǎn)過程,探究其失敗原因和實際影響,來考察1939-1941年德日蘇三國間復(fù)雜的國際政治關(guān)系。 本文除導(dǎo)論及結(jié)語外,主體一共分為四章。第一章主要敘述德意日蘇“四國聯(lián)合”構(gòu)想的起源。捷克斯洛伐克危機(jī)后,德國原本的目標(biāo)是締結(jié)德意日三國同盟,無奈德日同盟談判的前景日益黯淡;蘇德關(guān)系逐步緩和,蘇德兩國開始進(jìn)行試探性的接觸。1939年5月,德國徹底看清德日談判無果的未來,正式將外交重心轉(zhuǎn)向蘇聯(lián);蘇聯(lián)也在英法蘇談判的僵局下逐步轉(zhuǎn)向德國。最終,1939年8月23日蘇德互不侵犯條約的簽訂給德日談判和英法蘇談判帶來致命打擊,同時德意日蘇“四國聯(lián)合”構(gòu)想也孕育而生。 第二章主要關(guān)注蘇德互不侵犯條約簽訂后,德國針對其他三國所展開的“四國聯(lián)合”宣傳。這期間“四國聯(lián)合”宣傳主要以締結(jié)“反英”陣營為目的,以“軸心國與蘇聯(lián)的和解”為主要形式。雖然德國的宣傳暫時沒有達(dá)到預(yù)期效果,但在進(jìn)攻西線的計劃下并沒有輕易退出歷史舞臺。另一方面,1940年6月前,蘇德合作成為了維系“四國聯(lián)合”可能性的唯一現(xiàn)實紐帶。 第三章主要論述法國敗降后局勢發(fā)展給“四國聯(lián)合”構(gòu)想帶來的新契機(jī)。日本在南進(jìn)政策的誘惑下與德意成功簽訂三國同盟條約,條約中德日兩國就蘇聯(lián)問題達(dá)成共識,使三國同盟條約成為“四國聯(lián)合”的前奏。同時,蘇德關(guān)系的再度惡化給“四國聯(lián)合”構(gòu)想帶來新的阻礙。不過,各國在安定與利益的驅(qū)動下,仍舊積極為“四國聯(lián)合”做出相關(guān)謀劃。這一情況下,莫洛托夫訪德便成為重要的抉擇點。 第四章主要論述“四國聯(lián)合”構(gòu)想的挫折與破產(chǎn)。莫洛托夫訪德暴露了蘇德間難以彌合的分歧,盡管蘇聯(lián)最后答應(yīng)了德國關(guān)于締結(jié)“四國聯(lián)合”的提議,但它提出的條件遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了德國的承受范圍。希特勒最終拋棄了這一構(gòu)想,并決定啟動巴巴羅薩作戰(zhàn)計劃。斯大林與松岡洋右試圖以《日蘇中立條約》來挽救“四國聯(lián)合”構(gòu)想與蘇德關(guān)系,但覆水難收,1941年6月22日蘇德戰(zhàn)爭的爆發(fā),正式宣判了“四國聯(lián)合”構(gòu)想的破產(chǎn)。 文章最后總結(jié),在各國軍事外交戰(zhàn)略和利益交織的影響下,使得德日蘇間似乎存在聯(lián)合的可能,但是當(dāng)它們走上談判桌,卻發(fā)現(xiàn)彼此間利益沖突遠(yuǎn)高于利益共享。表面上看,莫洛托夫訪德對蘇德關(guān)系和構(gòu)想發(fā)展造成了毀滅性的打擊,但在這背后,卻隱藏著以極權(quán)主義為特征的法西斯國家永無止盡的欲望與野心。所幸,蘇德戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)后,遭受法西斯侵略的國家最終走到了一起,世界反法西斯同盟的建立,標(biāo)志著世界歷史翻開了新的篇章。
[Abstract]:The concept of the so-called "union of four countries" by Germany and Italy and Soviet Union was a wonderful idea produced by Nazi Germany and fascist Japan before and after the signing of the Treaty of Sood's non aggression in 1939. It was the union of the four countries of Germany, Japan and the fascist in Germany, Japan and Italy, formed by the Soviet Union, and the formation of the Western camp represented by the United Kingdom. This unrealistic concept has never received the attention of the academic community. This article mainly discusses the emergence, development and bankruptcy process of the concept, explores the reasons for its failure and the actual impact, to examine the complex international political relations between the three countries of Germany and Japan for the past 1939-1941 years.
In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the main body of this article is divided into four chapters. The first chapter mainly describes the origin of the concept of "the combination of the four countries" of Germany, Italy and the Soviet Union. After the Czechoslovakia crisis, the original goal of Germany was to conclude the German Japan alliance, but the prospect of the German Japan alliance negotiations was fading day by day; the relationship between Sood and Japan was gradually eased, and Sood began to try the trial. In May of.1939, Germany made a thorough understanding of the fruitless future of German and Japanese negotiations and turned its diplomatic focus to the Soviet Union; the Soviet Union also gradually turned to Germany under the impasse of the British and French Soviet negotiations. In the end, the signing of the Sood non aggression treaty in August 23, 1939 brought a fatal blow to the negotiations between Germany and Japan and the British and French Soviet negotiations, while Germany and Italian Japan Soviet "four" The concept of "United States" is also conceived.
The second chapter mainly pays attention to the "four countries joint" propaganda launched by Germany after the signing of the Sood non aggression treaty. During this period, the "four countries" propaganda mainly aims at the conclusion of the "anti British" camp and the main form of "the reconciliation between the axis and the Soviet Union". Although the German propaganda has not achieved the desired effect for the time being, On the other hand, before June 1940, Sood became the only realistic link to maintain the possibility of the combination of four countries.
The third chapter mainly discusses the new opportunity brought about by the development of the situation of France after the defeat and fall of France. Japan has successfully signed the Three Kingdoms treaty with Germany and Italy under the temptation of the policy of South China. The Treaty of Germany and Japan reached a consensus on the Soviet problem, making the Three Kingdoms treaty a prelude to the "United States of the four countries". Meanwhile, the relationship of Sood again The worsening has brought new obstacles to the "four countries" concept. However, under the circumstances of stability and interest, all countries are still actively making a plan for the "four countries". In this case, Molotov's visit will become an important choice.
The fourth chapter mainly discusses the setback and bankruptcy of the concept of the "four countries". Mr. Molotov's visit exposes the disagreement between Sood and Germany. Although the Soviet Union finally agreed to Germany's proposal to conclude the "four countries joint", the conditions of the Soviet Union were far more than Germany's acceptance. Hitler finally abandoned the idea and decided to decide. Stalin and Matsuoka You tried to save the relationship between the "four countries joint" conception and Sood's relationship with the Sino Soviet neutrality treaty, but the outbreak of the Sood war in June 22, 1941 officially declared the bankruptcy of the "four countries joint" concept.
At the end of this article, it is concluded that, under the influence of military diplomatic strategies and interests intertwined by various countries, there seems to be a possibility of union between Germany and Japan, but when they go to the negotiating table, they find that the conflict of interest is far higher than the benefit sharing. On the face of it, Molotov's visit to the relationship and development of Sood has caused a devastating blow, but Behind this, the fascist countries, characterized by totalitarianism, have never ended the endless desire and ambition. Fortunately, after the outbreak of the Sood war, the countries that suffered from fascist aggression eventually came together, and the establishment of the world anti fascist alliance marked the opening of a new chapter in the history of the world.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：K152

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