本文選題：北美殖民地 + 德意志移民��； 參考：《華東師范大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文

【摘要】： 今年是北美殖民活動(dòng)紀(jì)念400周年，而德意志人又是最早移民北美的族群之一。雖然早期德意志移民在北美殖民地的人數(shù)并不占首位，他們中的大部分人也不屬于飽學(xué)的知識(shí)型移民，但他們?yōu)楸泵乐趁竦氐慕ㄔO(shè)和美國的建立所做的貢獻(xiàn)同樣是不容忽視的。本文通過對(duì)美國殖民地時(shí)期的德意志移民的歷史背景、來美后的生活狀況以及他們?cè)诿绹?dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的表現(xiàn)的論述，從經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、政治三個(gè)方面探討早期德意志移民對(duì)北美殖民地的影響，分析他們?yōu)槊绹膭?chuàng)建所作的貢獻(xiàn)。美國殖民地時(shí)期的德意志移民歷盡滄桑：在歐洲他們備受戰(zhàn)火蹂躪、專制壓迫和宗教迫害；離鄉(xiāng)背井、遠(yuǎn)涉重洋來到北美殖民地后，他們中的大部分人又淪為契約奴。面對(duì)如此艱難的生活，早期德意志移民沒有退縮和氣餒。他們積極開墾邊疆，努力維護(hù)自己的文化和宗教傳統(tǒng)，并為獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和美國的建立作出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。 全文由前言、正文和結(jié)語三部分組成。 前言部分論述了選擇研究早期德意志移民的原因，對(duì)國內(nèi)外關(guān)于德意志移民，特別是早期德意志移民的研究現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行梳理，并界定了“德意志移民”的概念。 正文包括四章。第一章是介紹早期德意志人移民北美的歷史背景。通過對(duì)17世紀(jì)德意志的狀況、英國殖民政策的變化和北美誘人的生活環(huán)境的分析比較，，從拉力和推力兩方面梳理早期德意志移民的原因。第二章介紹早期德意志移民在北美生活的艱辛歷程，并分析獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)前德意志移民在北美殖民地的分布特點(diǎn)和定居情況。盡管早期德意志移民歷盡千辛萬苦，甚至是冒生命危險(xiǎn)才能來到北美，但他們很快就適應(yīng)了那里的生活。到獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)前夕，在北美殖民地生活的德意志移民人數(shù)有22.5萬，約占當(dāng)時(shí)殖民地人數(shù)的1／10。他們的定居點(diǎn)在當(dāng)時(shí)英屬殖民地的西部邊疆自北向南幾乎組成一條連續(xù)不端的鎖鏈。早期德意志移民在他們的農(nóng)業(yè)社區(qū)中過著封閉式的生活，以此保持他們的文化和語言。第三章著重描寫早期德意志移民在美國獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的卓越表現(xiàn)。文章首先分析德意志移民積極投入戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的原因，并描述了德意志移民的英勇事跡，最后分析獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的勝利對(duì)德意志移民的影響。第四章則從經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化和政治三個(gè)方面分析早期德意志移民對(duì)北美殖民地的影響和貢獻(xiàn)。 結(jié)語在前言和正文的基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合大的歷史背景，總結(jié)這一時(shí)期德意志移民的主要特點(diǎn)。早期德意志移民大部分都是難民，基本沒有受過什么教育，但他們積極地面對(duì)生活，用自己的方式為殖民地的發(fā)展做出了貢獻(xiàn)，他們勤勞節(jié)儉、吃苦耐勞的精神值得我們學(xué)習(xí)。 由于專業(yè)水平的局限，本文的不足在所難免，但希望能對(duì)美國德意志移民的階段性研究起到一定的幫助。
[Abstract]:This year marks the 400th anniversary of the colonization of North America, and the Germans were among the first to emigrate to North America. Although the early German immigrants did not occupy the first place in the North American colonies, and most of them did not belong to the well-educated knowledge immigrants, their contribution to the construction of the North American colonies and the establishment of the United States could not be ignored. This paper discusses the historical background of the German immigrants in the American colonial period, their living conditions after they came to the United States and their performance in the American War of Independence, from the perspective of economy and culture. Three aspects of politics explored the influence of early German immigrants on the North American colonies and analyzed their contribution to the founding of the United States. The German immigrants of the American colonial period had a long history: they were ravaged by war, oppressed by tyranny, and persecuted by religion in Europe, and most of them became indentured slaves when they left their homes and traveled abroad to the colonies of North America. Faced with such a difficult life, early German immigrants did not back down and discouraged. They made great contributions to the War of Independence and the establishment of the United States. The full text consists of three parts: preface, text and conclusion. The preface discusses the reasons for choosing to study early German immigrants, combs the current research situation of German immigrants at home and abroad, especially the early German immigrants, and defines the concept of "German immigrants". The text consists of four chapters. The first chapter introduces the historical background of the early German immigrants to North America. Through the analysis and comparison of the situation of Germany in the 17th century, the change of British colonial policy and the attractive living environment in North America, the causes of the early German immigrants were analyzed in terms of pull and thrust. The second chapter introduces the hard life of the early German immigrants in North America, and analyzes the distribution and settlement of the German immigrants in the North American colonies before the Revolutionary War. Although early German immigrants struggled and even risked their lives to come to North America, they quickly adapted to life there. By the eve of the Revolution, the number of German immigrants living in the colonies of North America was 225000, about a tenth of the number of colonies at that time. Their settlements almost formed a chain of missteps from north to south on the Western Frontier of the British colonies. Early German immigrants lived a closed life in their farming communities to preserve their culture and language. Chapter three focuses on the outstanding performance of early German immigrants in the American War of Independence. This paper first analyzes the reasons why German immigrants actively engaged in the war, and describes the heroic deeds of German immigrants, and finally analyzes the impact of the victory of the War of Independence on German immigrants. Chapter four analyzes the influence and contribution of early German immigrants to North American colonies from three aspects: economy, culture and politics. On the basis of preface and text, the conclusion summarizes the main characteristics of German immigrants in this period. Most of the early German immigrants were refugees, with little education, but they actively faced life and contributed in their own way to the development of the colony. They were industrious and frugal, and the spirit of hard work and hard work was worth learning from. Because of the limitation of professional level, the deficiency of this paper is unavoidable, but I hope it will be helpful to the stage research of American German immigrants.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號(hào)】：K712.3

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 梁婷;美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)時(shí)期的德意志裔研究[D];東北師范大學(xué);2012年

本文編號(hào)：1778051