本文選題：冷戰(zhàn) + 肯尼迪政府��； 參考：《河南大學》2009年碩士論文

【摘要】： 20世紀50年代末60年代初,亞非拉民族解放運動蓬勃發(fā)展,一大批前殖民地和半殖民地國家相繼取得獨立,亞非拉地區(qū)逐漸成為東西方爭奪的主要對象、冷戰(zhàn)的主要戰(zhàn)場。中國經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展,國際地位的日益提高,以及支持亞非拉民族解放戰(zhàn)爭的言行,使得美國認為中國是破壞世界穩(wěn)定局勢的主要因素,是美國的一個威脅,是美國冷戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)略所針對的一個主要對象。 肯尼迪政府對華政策中遏制中國的基調(diào)并沒有改變,從1961年聯(lián)合國代表權(quán)問題、阻止蔣介石反攻大陸、遏制中國核武器發(fā)展計劃、利用中蘇分裂拉攏蘇聯(lián)遏制中國這四個重要的個案中可見一斑。影響肯尼迪政府制定對華政策的因素是復雜的、多重的。既有歷史遺留問題,又有東西方冷戰(zhàn)國際大環(huán)境的制約等等。迫于國際國內(nèi)形勢的壓力,肯尼迪政府在對華政策上并沒有多大作為,其試圖改變對華政策的言行和動機也是不純的。 本文除了引言和結(jié)語外分為三個部分: 第一部分,分析20世紀50年代末60年代初世界局勢所出現(xiàn)的重大發(fā)展變化,說明肯尼迪政府在外交上所面臨的挑戰(zhàn);第二部分,對肯尼迪政府時期美中之間發(fā)生的四個重要歷史問題進行詳細的分析與考察;第三部分,分析阻礙美國改變對華政策的幾個因素。
[Abstract]:In the late 1950s and early 1960s, the national liberation movement of Asia, Africa and Latin America flourished, a large number of former colonial and semi-colonial countries gained independence one after another, and the region of Asia, Africa and Latin America gradually became the main object of the struggle between the East and the West, and the main battlefield of the Cold War.The rapid development of China's economy, the increasing international status, and the words and deeds of supporting the war of national liberation between Asia, Africa and Latin America have made the United States think that China is a major factor in destabilizing the world situation and a threat to the United States.It is a major target of the Cold War strategy of the United States.The tone of the Kennedy administration's policy toward China to contain China has not changed. From the question of the representation of the United Nations in 1961, it prevented Jiang Jieshi from counterattacking the mainland and containing China's nuclear weapons development program.The four important cases of using Sino-Soviet separatism to coax the Soviet Union to contain China can be seen.The factors that influence Kennedy's policy toward China are complex and numerous.There are not only historical problems, but also the constraints of the international environment of the Cold War between East and West.Under the pressure of the international and domestic situation, the Kennedy administration did not do much in its China policy, and its words, deeds and motives in trying to change its China policy were also impure.In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper is divided into three parts:The first part analyzes the major developments and changes in the world situation in the late 1950s and early 1960s, and explains the challenges the Kennedy administration faces in diplomacy.Four important historical issues occurred between the United States and China during the Kennedy Administration were analyzed and investigated in detail. The third part analyzes several factors that hinder the United States to change its China policy.
【學位授予單位】：河南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：K712.54;D871.2

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