發(fā)布時間：2018-04-17 03:14

  本文選題：第一條橫貫大陸鐵路 + 聯(lián)邦政府��； 參考：《首都師范大學》2007年碩士論文

【摘要】： 19世紀20年代，美國開始有人提出修建橫貫大陸鐵路的計劃，1862年國會頒布了《太平洋鐵路法案》，該法案頒布后，第一條橫貫大陸鐵路得以修建。第一第橫貫大陸鐵路的修建對美國社會的政治、經(jīng)濟等各方面產(chǎn)生了深遠的影響。本文主要對第一條橫貫大陸鐵路計劃的演變、政府對其政策的實施以及產(chǎn)生的影響進行研究探討。全文共分為三章： 第一章主要論述早期橫貫大陸鐵路計劃的提出和演變，以及政府對其的態(tài)度。早在19世紀20年代，就有人提出了修建橫貫大陸鐵路的構(gòu)想，但由于地理條件、技術(shù)水平、政治因素等原因的限制，這個計劃沒能夠付諸實施。1845年，惠特尼計劃提出。惠特尼的積極推動使橫貫大陸鐵路計劃成為國會中的一個重要議題。聯(lián)邦政府開始了對它的討論。但是，這一時期地區(qū)利益的沖突，使得橫貫大陸鐵路計劃實施困難重重。 第二章主要論述《太平洋鐵路法案》頒布的原因以及第一條橫貫大陸鐵路的修建。1861年內(nèi)戰(zhàn)的爆發(fā)，，為國會通過橫貫大陸鐵路計劃創(chuàng)造了條件；同時，內(nèi)戰(zhàn)也使得修建橫貫大陸鐵路成為一個緊迫的任務(wù)。正是這種機緣巧合促使了1862年《太平洋鐵路法案》的頒布。該法案頒布后，橫貫大陸鐵路終于破土動工。由于正值內(nèi)戰(zhàn)時期，橫貫大陸鐵路建設(shè)的初期遭遇到勞動力不足、資金缺乏等困難。1864年國會對《太平洋鐵路法案》進行了修定，贈予的土地和貸款翻了一番。1865年，內(nèi)戰(zhàn)結(jié)束。這時橫貫大陸鐵路的修建速度加快，1869年第一條橫貫大陸鐵路建成。 第三章主要論述第一條橫貫大陸鐵路修建所產(chǎn)生的影響。第一條橫貫大陸鐵路的修建促使聯(lián)邦政府開始大規(guī)模贈予鐵路公司土地，因此鐵路建設(shè)進入了高速發(fā)展的時期。19世紀末，5條橫貫大陸鐵路相繼建成，美國建成了比較完善的交通運輸網(wǎng)。第一條橫貫大陸鐵路的修建也促進了西部移民。為保護西部移民，鐵路公司和軍隊的聯(lián)系進一步加強。在橫貫大陸鐵路的建設(shè)過程中，出現(xiàn)了貪污腐敗問題，導致了公眾對其的不滿，政府開始對鐵路進行管制。同時，西部移民也漸漸地增多，移民和鐵路公司為爭奪土地矛盾加劇。最終，1871年，聯(lián)邦政府停止了對鐵路公司的土地贈予。
[Abstract]:In the 1820s, the United States began to put forward a plan to build a transcontinental railway. Congress enacted the Pacific Railway Act in 1862, after which the first transcontinental railway was built.The construction of the first Transcontinental Railway had a profound impact on American politics, economy and so on.This paper mainly discusses the evolution of the first transcontinental railway, the government's policy implementation and its influence.The full text is divided into three chapters:The first chapter mainly discusses the development of the early Transcontinental Railway and the attitude of the government to it.As early as the 1820s, some people put forward the idea of building a transcontinental railway, but due to geographical conditions, technical level, political factors and other reasons, the plan could not be put into practice. In 1845, the Whitney Plan was put forward.Whitney's aggressive push made the Transcontinental Railway an important issue in Congress.The federal government began to discuss it.However, the conflict of regional interests during this period made the implementation of the Transcontinental Railway difficult.The second chapter mainly discusses the reasons for the enactment of the Pacific Railway Act and the construction of the first transcontinental railway. The outbreak of the Civil War in 1861 created the conditions for Congress to pass the Transcontinental Railway Plan; at the same time,The civil war also made it an urgent task to build a transcontinental railway.It was this coincidence that led to the enactment of the Pacific Railway Act of 1862.After the enactment of the bill, the transcontinental railway finally broke ground.Due to the civil war, the transcontinental railway was initially faced with labor shortages and lack of funds. Congress amended the Pacific Railway Act in 1864, doubling land and loans. The Civil War ended in 1865.The construction of the transcontinental railway accelerated, and the first transcontinental railway was built in 1869.The third chapter mainly discusses the influence of the construction of the first transcontinental railway.The construction of the first transcontinental railway prompted the federal government to begin to grant large-scale land to railway companies, so railway construction entered a period of rapid development. At the end of the 19th century, five transcontinental railways were built one after another.The United States has built a relatively complete transportation network.The construction of the first transcontinental railway also facilitated immigration to the west.Links between railway companies and the military have been strengthened to protect western migrants.During the construction of the Trans-Continental Railway, corruption and corruption caused public discontent, and the government began to regulate the railway.At the same time, immigration to the West is also increasing, and conflicts between migrants and railway companies over land are intensifying.Eventually, in 1871, the federal government stopped giving land to the railroad company.
【學位授予單位】：首都師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：K712.4

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前8條

1 鄒桂芬;美國橫貫大陸鐵路的修建及其對西部開發(fā)的歷史作用[J];東北師大學報;1989年04期

2 黃安年;中央太平洋鐵路的建成與在美華工的貢獻[J];河北師范大學學報(哲學社會科學版);1999年02期

3 顧寧;美國鐵路與經(jīng)濟現(xiàn)代化[J];世界歷史;2003年06期

4 汪建豐;試論早期鐵路與美國企業(yè)的管理革命[J];世界歷史;2005年03期

5 汪建豐;試論鐵路與19世紀后半期美國西部的城市化[J];湖州師范學院學報;2005年04期

6 丁平;論美國以鐵路建設(shè)為中心的運輸革命及其影響[J];內(nèi)蒙古師大學報(哲學社會科學版);2000年01期

7 姜德琪;略論美國西部開發(fā)中交通運輸條件之改善[J];青海師范大學學報(哲學社會科學版);2001年01期

8 孫丹榜;試論橫貫大陸鐵路的鋪設(shè)與美國西部開發(fā)[J];思茅師范高等�？茖W校學報;2005年01期

本文編號：1761811