本文選題：60年代 + 美國歷史��； 參考：《華東師范大學》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后,為解決住房和交通等一系列問題,美國政府開展了“城市更新運動”和高速公路的建設(shè),這使得許多歷史建筑和歷史遺跡遭到滅頂之災。與此同時,城市建設(shè)和歷史遺產(chǎn)保護的矛盾加劇,沖突和抗爭時常發(fā)生。1963年,紐約著名歷史建筑賓夕法尼亞州火車站被拆毀,這件事成為了60年代歷史遺產(chǎn)保護運動高漲的導火索。隨后,以“歷史保護特別委員會”考察歐洲為標志,旨在建立完備的歷史遺產(chǎn)管理與保護體系的歷史保護運動拉開了帷幕。 在歷史保護國民信托基金會、歷史保護特別委員會,美國總統(tǒng)約翰遜以及若干歷史保護工作者的努力下,《國家歷史保護法案》于1966年頒布,該法案的頒布是這次歷史保護運動的重大成果,依照該法案,不僅建立了國家史跡咨詢委員會和州史跡保護辦公室等聯(lián)邦及地方組織機構(gòu),確立了聯(lián)邦政府在整個國家歷史保護體系中的主導作用,而且還創(chuàng)立了被稱為“美國歷史保護體系的基石”的歷史性場所國家登錄制度,并通過“歷史保護基金”和“第106條款審議”等各項政策使歷史保護運動在各州得以全面展開。美國歷史遺產(chǎn)保護體系此后正式確立。 本文以歷史保護運動為中心,在梳理整個美國歷史保護體系發(fā)展過程的同時,著重研究這一運動產(chǎn)生的背景,聯(lián)邦政府與地方政府的主要成果以及其對今后美國歷史遺產(chǎn)保護等各個方面所產(chǎn)生的影響。
[Abstract]:After World War II, in order to solve a series of problems, such as housing and transportation, the United States government carried out a "urban renewal campaign" and highway construction, which caused many historical buildings and historical relics to be destroyed.At the same time, the conflict between urban construction and the preservation of historical heritage has intensified, and conflicts and protests have often occurred. In 1963, New York's famous historic building, the Pennsylvania Railway Station, was demolished.This incident became the 60 s historical heritage conservation movement soaring fuse.Subsequently, the historical conservation movement aimed at establishing a complete system of management and protection of historical heritage was launched, marked by the study of Europe by the Special Committee on the Protection of History.Thanks to the efforts of the National Trust for the Conservation of History, the Special Committee on the Protection of History, President Johnson of the United States and several historical conservationists, the National Historic Conservation Act was enacted in 1966.The enactment of the Act was a major achievement of the historic conservation campaign, which established not only federal and local organizations such as the National Historical Records Advisory Board and the State Office for the Conservation of Historical Records.Established the leading role of the federal government in the entire system of historical preservation of the country, and also created the historic place of national entry, known as the "cornerstone of the historical protection system of the United States",And through various policies, such as the Historical Conservation Fund and Article 106 Review, the historical conservation movement can be fully carried out in the states.The system of historical heritage protection in the United States has since been formally established.Taking the historical conservation movement as the center, this paper, while combing the whole development process of the historical protection system in the United States, focuses on the background of the movement.The main achievements of the federal and local governments and their impact on the future conservation of American historical heritage.
【學位授予單位】：華東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：K712

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)博士學位論文 前1條

1 顧方哲;美國波士頓貝肯山歷史街區(qū)保護模式研究[D];山東大學;2013年

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本文編號：1755268