本文選題：中央情報(bào)局　切入點(diǎn)：冷戰(zhàn)　出處：《東北師范大學(xué)》2009年博士論文

【摘要】： 隨著第二次世界大戰(zhàn)的結(jié)束,美蘇兩國(guó)也由盟友走向了對(duì)手,兩極格局逐漸形成。為適應(yīng)新的冷戰(zhàn)局勢(shì),美國(guó)政府著手進(jìn)行機(jī)構(gòu)改革,并在1947年通過(guò)了《國(guó)家安全法》,組建了中央情報(bào)局。 由于美蘇冷戰(zhàn)局勢(shì)的逐漸加劇,中央情報(bào)局的工作范圍,也迅速由簡(jiǎn)單的情報(bào)和反情報(bào)職能向外擴(kuò)展,到20世紀(jì)50年代初,就已被明確賦予隱蔽行動(dòng)的職能,而這一職能除了推動(dòng)美國(guó)對(duì)外政策的實(shí)行外,更成為中央情報(bào)局的重要標(biāo)志。 但是,隱蔽行動(dòng)并非中央情報(bào)局最主要的職能,情報(bào)分析工作仍是中央情報(bào)局工作的重心。冷戰(zhàn)初期,是其情報(bào)評(píng)估體系形成和完善的時(shí)期。在本文討論的時(shí)期內(nèi),中央情報(bào)局不但進(jìn)行了組織結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整,情報(bào)評(píng)估能力急速上升,情報(bào)評(píng)估產(chǎn)品的權(quán)威性也得到了普遍認(rèn)可,從而對(duì)美國(guó)政府的決策者們產(chǎn)生了巨大影響。 本文在對(duì)來(lái)美國(guó)政府解密文件進(jìn)行細(xì)致梳理和分析的基礎(chǔ)上,最終試圖說(shuō)明問(wèn)題如下:(1)由于冷戰(zhàn)的出現(xiàn)、情報(bào)工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的增加、以及美國(guó)朝野對(duì)情報(bào)問(wèn)題認(rèn)識(shí)的深入,中央情報(bào)局在1947年出現(xiàn)成為可能;(2)情報(bào)分析是冷戰(zhàn)初期中央情報(bào)局的主要職能和工作,經(jīng)過(guò)史密斯的機(jī)構(gòu)改革后,其情報(bào)分析體系和能力得以初步完善;(3)在冷戰(zhàn)初期,中央情報(bào)局的隱蔽行動(dòng)在很大程度上取得了其預(yù)期的成果,而且,隨著冷戰(zhàn)局勢(shì)的尖銳,中央情報(bào)局的隱蔽行動(dòng)職能逐漸擴(kuò)大和明確,逐漸成為美國(guó)實(shí)施對(duì)外政策的重要工具。
[Abstract]:With the end of the second World War, the United States and the Soviet Union also moved from allies to adversaries, and the bipolar pattern gradually formed. In order to adapt to the new cold war situation, the US government began to carry out institutional reform. And in 1947 passed the National Security Act, the establishment of the Central Intelligence Agency. Due to the gradual intensification of the Cold War situation between the United States and the Soviet Union, the scope of work of the Central Intelligence Agency rapidly expanded from simple intelligence and counter-intelligence functions. By the early 1950s, it had been clearly entrusted with the function of covert operations. In addition to promoting American foreign policy, this function has become an important symbol of the CIA. However, covert operations are not the most important function of the CIA. Intelligence analysis is still the focus of CIA work. The early Cold War was the period when its intelligence assessment system was formed and perfected. The CIA not only readjusts its organizational structure, but also increases its intelligence evaluation capability, and the authority of intelligence assessment products is generally recognized, thus exerting a great influence on the decision makers of the United States government. On the basis of a detailed analysis and analysis of the documents declassified by the US government, this paper finally tries to explain the following issues as follows: 1) because of the emergence of the Cold War, the increase in intelligence work experience, and the in-depth understanding of intelligence issues by the US government and opposition, The emergence of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) in 1947 was the main function and work of the CIA at the beginning of the Cold War. After Smith's institutional reform, its intelligence analysis system and capabilities were preliminarily improved) at the beginning of the Cold War. To a large extent, the covert operations of the CIA have achieved its expected results. Moreover, with the sharp Cold War situation, the CIA's covert action functions gradually expanded and clarified, and gradually became an important tool for the United States to carry out foreign policy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號(hào)】：K712.5
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本文編號(hào)：1697518