本文選題：中央情報局　切入點：冷戰(zhàn)　出處：《東北師范大學》2009年博士論文

【摘要】： 隨著第二次世界大戰(zhàn)的結束,美蘇兩國也由盟友走向了對手,兩極格局逐漸形成。為適應新的冷戰(zhàn)局勢,美國政府著手進行機構改革,并在1947年通過了《國家安全法》,組建了中央情報局。 由于美蘇冷戰(zhàn)局勢的逐漸加劇,中央情報局的工作范圍,也迅速由簡單的情報和反情報職能向外擴展,到20世紀50年代初,就已被明確賦予隱蔽行動的職能,而這一職能除了推動美國對外政策的實行外,更成為中央情報局的重要標志。 但是,隱蔽行動并非中央情報局最主要的職能,情報分析工作仍是中央情報局工作的重心。冷戰(zhàn)初期,是其情報評估體系形成和完善的時期。在本文討論的時期內,中央情報局不但進行了組織結構的調整,情報評估能力急速上升,情報評估產(chǎn)品的權威性也得到了普遍認可,從而對美國政府的決策者們產(chǎn)生了巨大影響。 本文在對來美國政府解密文件進行細致梳理和分析的基礎上,最終試圖說明問題如下:(1)由于冷戰(zhàn)的出現(xiàn)、情報工作經(jīng)驗的增加、以及美國朝野對情報問題認識的深入,中央情報局在1947年出現(xiàn)成為可能;(2)情報分析是冷戰(zhàn)初期中央情報局的主要職能和工作,經(jīng)過史密斯的機構改革后,其情報分析體系和能力得以初步完善;(3)在冷戰(zhàn)初期,中央情報局的隱蔽行動在很大程度上取得了其預期的成果,而且,隨著冷戰(zhàn)局勢的尖銳,中央情報局的隱蔽行動職能逐漸擴大和明確,逐漸成為美國實施對外政策的重要工具。
[Abstract]:With the end of the second World War, the United States and the Soviet Union also moved from allies to adversaries, and the bipolar pattern gradually formed. In order to adapt to the new cold war situation, the US government began to carry out institutional reform. And in 1947 passed the National Security Act, the establishment of the Central Intelligence Agency. Due to the gradual intensification of the Cold War situation between the United States and the Soviet Union, the scope of work of the Central Intelligence Agency rapidly expanded from simple intelligence and counter-intelligence functions. By the early 1950s, it had been clearly entrusted with the function of covert operations. In addition to promoting American foreign policy, this function has become an important symbol of the CIA. However, covert operations are not the most important function of the CIA. Intelligence analysis is still the focus of CIA work. The early Cold War was the period when its intelligence assessment system was formed and perfected. The CIA not only readjusts its organizational structure, but also increases its intelligence evaluation capability, and the authority of intelligence assessment products is generally recognized, thus exerting a great influence on the decision makers of the United States government. On the basis of a detailed analysis and analysis of the documents declassified by the US government, this paper finally tries to explain the following issues as follows: 1) because of the emergence of the Cold War, the increase in intelligence work experience, and the in-depth understanding of intelligence issues by the US government and opposition, The emergence of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) in 1947 was the main function and work of the CIA at the beginning of the Cold War. After Smith's institutional reform, its intelligence analysis system and capabilities were preliminarily improved) at the beginning of the Cold War. To a large extent, the covert operations of the CIA have achieved its expected results. Moreover, with the sharp Cold War situation, the CIA's covert action functions gradually expanded and clarified, and gradually became an important tool for the United States to carry out foreign policy.
【學位授予單位】：東北師范大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：K712.5
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本文編號：1697518