本文選題：黎皇　切入點：鄭主　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文

【摘要】： 十六世紀(jì)早期，后黎朝皇帝濫用民力，官僚地主大肆奪取民田，致使小民失土，萬民嗟怨，，社會矛盾日趨激化，農(nóng)民起義頻頻發(fā)生，統(tǒng)治集團(tuán)內(nèi)部的爭奪也趨于激烈。1527年，莫登庸奪取權(quán)力，建立莫朝(1527——1592)。 1532年，以阮淦為首的后黎朝舊臣以清化為基地，以“扶黎滅莫”為旗幟，擁立黎維寧為帝，重建后黎朝，越南進(jìn)入南北朝。阮淦死后，大權(quán)落于其女婿鄭檢之手，鄭檢殺死了阮淦的長子，其幼子阮潢沒有被殺。1588年，鄭檢派阮潢鎮(zhèn)守順化，此后，阮潢在順化地區(qū)形成割據(jù)勢力。在南北朝時期，南北雙方之間進(jìn)行了連綿不斷的戰(zhàn)爭，1592年，鄭檢之子鄭松收復(fù)升龍，莫朝殘余勢力被排擠到高平一隅。復(fù)辟后的后黎朝皇帝僅是傀儡，實權(quán)握于鄭氏之手，形成“黎皇鄭主”體制。1627——1672，北方的鄭氏和南方的阮氏進(jìn)行了近半個世紀(jì)的戰(zhàn)爭，雙方互不能打敗對方，便以(氵靈)江為界，形成兩個相埒的政權(quán)，兩個政權(quán)各建政制。 在“黎皇鄭主”體制中，鄭氏除了保留后黎朝前期的大部分政治制度以外，為適應(yīng)變化了的政治經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢而創(chuàng)建主府，設(shè)置參從、陪從、府僚官，建立番等機(jī)構(gòu)，使權(quán)力集中于自己之手。此外，鄭氏還對于國家制度進(jìn)行了改革，使國家政治體制基本趨于完備。 “黎皇鄭主”體制是由國際、國內(nèi)兩方面因素共同影響、多種力量相互作用、制衡而形成的一種相對穩(wěn)定的政治體制。它和當(dāng)時越南封建村社經(jīng)濟(jì)占主導(dǎo)地位，商品經(jīng)濟(jì)不發(fā)達(dá)的社會經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)相適應(yīng)。在政治文化方面，繼續(xù)以儒家政治思想為統(tǒng)治支柱。該體制為北越地區(qū)在政治和社會秩序方面形成較為穩(wěn)定的局面、北越地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)文化繼續(xù)得到發(fā)展提供了必要的政治制度前提，同時也為越南與中國保持正常朝貢外交關(guān)系創(chuàng)造了必要條件。 “黎皇鄭主”體制是一種中央集權(quán)制的政治體制，它將越南村社農(nóng)民束縛在土地上，封建國家政權(quán)力圖牢固控制人民的思想和經(jīng)濟(jì)生活。十六——十八世紀(jì)歐洲資本主義日益興起并且逐漸影響到東南亞地區(qū)，這種體制所具有的保守性質(zhì)，盲目自大、封閉排外的特征，對于國際形勢發(fā)展的麻木和被動，使得越南不能有效地應(yīng)對國際和國內(nèi)兩方面的挑戰(zhàn)。十八世紀(jì)后期越南出現(xiàn)國家統(tǒng)一的歷史契機(jī)，鄭主無力承擔(dān)歷史使命，最終被越南歷史發(fā)展的浪潮所淘汰。
[Abstract]:In the early 16th century, the emperors of the later Li Dynasty abused their people's power, and the bureaucrats and landlords seized the fields of the people, resulting in the loss of land for the small people and the resentment of the people. Social contradictions became increasingly intense, peasant uprisings occurred frequently, and the struggle within the ruling clique became fierce. Mo Dengyong seized power and established Mo'Chao 1527-1592. In 1532, the old officials of the later Li Dynasty, headed by Nguyen Gan, took the Qing Hua as their base, "support Li Wei Mo" as the banner, supported Li Weining as the emperor. After the reconstruction of the Li Dynasty, Vietnam entered the Southern and Northern dynasties. After Nguyen Gan's death, the great power fell to his son-in-law, Zheng Kin. Zheng Kin killed Ruan Gan's eldest son, who was not killed. In 1588, he sent Ruan Huang to guard Hue Hua. After that, Ruan Huang formed a separatist power in the Hue region. During the Southern and Northern dynasties, there was a continuous war between the north and the south, and in 1592, Zheng Song's son, Zheng Song, recovered and ascended the dragon, and the remnant forces of Mo Chao were pushed out to a corner of Gao Ping. After the restoration, the emperors of Li Dynasty were merely puppets, and the actual power was in the hands of Zheng. After nearly half a century of war between Zheng in the north and Ruan in the south, the two sides could not defeat each other, so they took the river as the boundary and formed two similar regimes. In the "Li Huang Zheng Master" system, in addition to retaining most of the political system in the early period of the post-Li Dynasty, Zheng established the main government to adapt to the changed political and economic situation, set up officials to consult, accompany and follow, and set up organizations, such as officials, officials, and other officials, and so on, in order to adapt to the changed political and economic situation. In addition, Zheng also reformed the state system and made the national political system more complete. The "Li Huang Zheng Master" system is a relatively stable political system formed by the joint influence of international and domestic factors, the interaction of various forces, and the checks and balances. It dominated the economy of the feudal village community in Vietnam at that time. The underdeveloped social and economic basis of the commodity economy adapts. In the political and cultural aspects, the Confucian political ideology continues to be the dominant pillar. This system is a relatively stable situation in the political and social order in the North Vietnamese region. The economic and cultural development of North Vietnam provides the necessary political system premise, and also creates the necessary conditions for Vietnam and China to maintain normal tributary diplomatic relations. The "Lihuang Zheng Master" system is a centralized political system that binds Vietnamese village farmers to the land. The feudal state power sought to firmly control the people's ideological and economic life. In the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries, European capitalism rose day by day and gradually affected Southeast Asia. This system, with its conservative nature and blind arrogance, The characteristics of closed exclusion, numbness and passivity to the development of the international situation, make Vietnam unable to deal effectively with the international and domestic challenges. In the late 18th century, Vietnam had a historic opportunity of national reunification, and Zheng Lord was unable to undertake the historical mission. Finally, Vietnam was eliminated by the tide of historical development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：K333

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 周亮;清代越南燕行文獻(xiàn)研究[D];暨南大學(xué);2012年

本文編號：1693550