本文選題：新南方　切入點(diǎn)：經(jīng)濟(jì)成就　出處：《上海外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】：美國(guó)南方在美國(guó)歷史發(fā)展過(guò)程中的重要性是不言而喻的。南方以它與眾不同的區(qū)域特點(diǎn)吸引了大量學(xué)者為之展開(kāi)學(xué)術(shù)探討。在學(xué)者們看來(lái)，南方的獨(dú)特性已使該地區(qū)蒙上了一層神秘的色彩。如果說(shuō)南方是一個(gè)神話，那么重建后的南方一新南方一則具神秘性，因而也更值得探討研究。在美國(guó)，有關(guān)南方的論著浩如煙海，關(guān)于新南方的著述也數(shù)不勝數(shù)：相比之下，我國(guó)學(xué)術(shù)界對(duì)南方問(wèn)題的研究關(guān)注不多，對(duì)新南方的研究更是闕如。鑒此，本文在借鑒和吸收美國(guó)學(xué)者研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上，嘗試從客觀的歷史視角對(duì)“新南方”作一個(gè)較全面的考察，論證“新南方”是否確實(shí)替代了舊南方，使該地區(qū)呈現(xiàn)出一個(gè)嶄新的面貌。 具體說(shuō)來(lái)，本文主要觀點(diǎn)如下：1)“新南方”的出現(xiàn)是一種必然。隨著最后一批聯(lián)邦軍隊(duì)的撤離，南部的重建也適時(shí)地退出歷史舞臺(tái)。美國(guó)內(nèi)戰(zhàn)及其之后的重建所帶來(lái)的變化是如此之快，以至于南方人來(lái)不及回顧過(guò)去：同樣，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的破壞是如此之大，，以至于南方人無(wú)法折回到過(guò)去，只能順著歷史的潮流進(jìn)入新的南方。2)南方白人的種族觀念頑固不化。盡管新南方發(fā)展迅速，工業(yè)化和城市化的步伐日益加快，但南方人“白人至上”觀念依舊根深蒂固。在他們的意識(shí)深處，白人始終認(rèn)為白人種族高人一等，他們企圖永遠(yuǎn)維持對(duì)黑人居高臨下的絕對(duì)控制，于是一個(gè)個(gè)限制黑人的成文或不成文的規(guī)定陸續(xù)出臺(tái)，最終在19世紀(jì)末20世紀(jì)初形成一套被稱(chēng)作“Jim Crow”的種族歧視制度。3)“新南方”確實(shí)取得了一定的進(jìn)步。在“新南方”倡導(dǎo)者的積極推動(dòng)下，南方發(fā)生了一些令人鼓舞的變化。然而，在舊南方經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)未被完全打破的情況下，新南方之路既曲折緩慢，又充滿(mǎn)阻力。 盡管重建后南方開(kāi)始了工業(yè)化和現(xiàn)代化的進(jìn)程，但它們并沒(méi)有就此而銷(xiāo)蝕或改變南方的地區(qū)特性。換言之，盡管在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展上南方設(shè)法借鑒北方模式，通過(guò)工業(yè)現(xiàn)代化實(shí)現(xiàn)南方的經(jīng)濟(jì)飛躍，但在社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)和文化觀念上仍盡一切可能保持南方的傳統(tǒng)特性。從這個(gè)角度出發(fā)，新南方并不完全是“新”南方，新南方人依然保持了他們祖輩長(zhǎng)期培育而成的南方特性。
[Abstract]:In the United States in the process of historical development of the importance of the south of the United States is self-evident. South to the regional characteristics of it out of the ordinary has attracted a lot of scholars for academic discussion. In the view of scholars, unique in the South has made the area covered with a layer of mystery. If the south side is a myth, then reconstruction after the south south of a mysterious, and thus more worthy of study. In the United States, the south of the multitude works and writings on the New South is beyond count: in contrast, China's academic research focus on the south is not much research on the New South is lack. In view of this, based on the learn and absorb the American scholars on the research results, try to make a comprehensive study from the historical perspective, the objective of the "New South" demonstration "New South" actually replaced the old South, make the Show a new look.
Specifically, the main points of this paper are as follows: 1) the "New South" is a kind of inevitable. With the last batch of federal troops to evacuate, reconstruction of the South also timely exit the stage of history. The changes brought about by the American Civil War and reconstruction after is so fast that the south is less than the past: the person comes similarly, the destruction of the war was so great that the south to break back to the past, can only follow the historical trend in the New South.2) Southern white race. Although the new stubborn the rapid development of industrialization and city increasingly accelerated pace, but the South "white supremacy" is still ingrained in their ideas. Deep consciousness, white has always believed that the white race they tried to maintain absolute control of a cut above others, to black down forever, so a limited black written or unwritten The provisions have been introduced, finally at the end of nineteenth Century early twentieth Century form a set called "Jim Crow" racial system.3) "New South" has achieved some progress. In "actively promote the New South" advocates, there have been some encouraging changes in the south. However, the economic structure is not in the old South. Completely break the situation, the New South Road is slow and tortuous, and full of resistance.
Although the reconstruction of the South began the process of industrialization and modernization, but they did not erode or change the characteristics of the region and the south. In other words, despite the economic development in the south to North from south, through the economic leap to achieve industrial modernization, but in the social structure and the culture characteristics of traditional still do everything possible keep the south. From this perspective, the south is not "new" New South South, still maintained the characteristics of Southern long-term cultivation of the ancestors.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K712.5

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