本文選題：蘇聯(lián)　切入點：城市居民　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：20世紀初，新生的蘇維埃政權(quán)為了改善國內(nèi)城市居民住房條件，保證“居者有其房”，將全國原有的房屋進行了重新分配，使城市普通民眾的整體住房條件得到了提高，政府也因此贏得了廣大民眾的擁護，鞏固了新生政權(quán)。1929年蘇聯(lián)根據(jù)當時國內(nèi)外形勢變化，開始實施計劃經(jīng)濟，將國家工作重心轉(zhuǎn)移到發(fā)展重工業(yè)方面，集中全國力量進行工業(yè)化建設(shè)。隨著工業(yè)化和城市化發(fā)展加速，大量的農(nóng)村居民涌入城市，城市人口激增，而城市住房建設(shè)緩慢，因此居民人均住房面積下降，房屋供求矛盾激化。面對這種狀況，政府在不改變重點發(fā)展工業(yè)的前提下，制定了房屋建設(shè)和維修計劃，并出臺相關(guān)政策鼓勵建筑單位采用新材料，鼓勵地方蘇維埃發(fā)展職業(yè)技術(shù)教育，，組織群眾加入公益組織，積極引導(dǎo)群眾參與建筑質(zhì)量監(jiān)督和房屋維修工作，通過采取以上措施，最終促進了蘇聯(lián)住房建設(shè)和房屋維修工作的順利進行。在房屋分配和出租方面，蘇聯(lián)通過完善相關(guān)法律制度，詳細規(guī)定住戶和租戶的權(quán)利和義務(wù)，使得整個房屋分配和出租能夠井然有序地進行，保證每個家庭都有房可居。蘇聯(lián)政府經(jīng)過半個世紀地努力，城市居民人均住房面積得到了顯著提高。通過對蘇聯(lián)成立之初到70年代城市居民住房建設(shè)和政策研究，我們從中會獲得一些啟發(fā)。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the 20th century, in order to improve the housing conditions of the urban residents in the country, the new Soviet regime redistributed the original houses in the whole country and improved the overall housing conditions of the ordinary people in the cities. As a result, the government won the support of the masses and consolidated the new regime. In 1929, the Soviet Union began to implement a planned economy in view of the changes in the situation at home and abroad at that time, shifting the focus of state work to the development of heavy industry. With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, a large number of rural residents have poured into the cities, the urban population has increased sharply, and the construction of urban housing has been slow. As a result, the per capita housing area of the residents has declined. The contradiction between supply and demand of housing has intensified. In the face of this situation, the government, without changing its focus on developing industry, has formulated a housing construction and maintenance plan, and has issued relevant policies to encourage construction units to adopt new materials. To encourage the local Soviet to develop vocational and technical education, to organize the masses to join public welfare organizations, to actively guide the masses to participate in building quality supervision and building maintenance, and to adopt the above measures, Ultimately, it promoted the smooth progress of housing construction and maintenance in the Soviet Union. In terms of housing distribution and rental, the Soviet Union elaborated the rights and obligations of households and tenants by improving the relevant legal system. So that the distribution and rental of the entire house can be carried out in an orderly manner, ensuring that every family has a house to live in. The Soviet government worked hard for half a century. The per capita housing area of urban residents has been greatly increased. Through the research on housing construction and policy of urban residents from the beginning of the Soviet Union to the 1970s, we will get some inspiration from it.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F293.3;K512

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