本文選題：菲律賓　切入點(diǎn)：經(jīng)濟(jì)民族化　出處：《廣西師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：菲律賓獨(dú)立之后,開(kāi)始了民族國(guó)家構(gòu)建的過(guò)程,表現(xiàn)在經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域是謀求經(jīng)濟(jì)的獨(dú)立自主,由本國(guó)政府來(lái)掌控國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)命脈。菲律賓的經(jīng)濟(jì)民族化運(yùn)動(dòng)也因?yàn)槔鋺?zhàn)在亞洲的發(fā)生而打上了反共、排華的印記。20世紀(jì)40年代后期,冷戰(zhàn)的國(guó)際氛圍使得菲律賓對(duì)于共產(chǎn)主義感到恐懼,華僑的存在被菲律賓當(dāng)局者認(rèn)為是一種不安定的因素。在當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)上對(duì)“華僑掌控菲律賓商業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)”恐懼癥的推動(dòng)下,菲律賓民族主義者極力主張施行經(jīng)濟(jì)民族化政策,一系列的經(jīng)濟(jì)類菲化案應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。在這些菲化案中,影響較大的有公共菜市場(chǎng)菲攤位菲化案、零售商業(yè)菲化案以及米黍業(yè)菲化案等。由于華僑人數(shù)在所有外僑中所占比重最大,且大部分的人也是從事商業(yè)活動(dòng),因此,在這一次排斥外僑的經(jīng)濟(jì)行為、提高本國(guó)人經(jīng)濟(jì)地位的經(jīng)濟(jì)民族化運(yùn)動(dòng)中,華僑所受到的影響是最深的。為了謀求發(fā)展,有資本的華僑開(kāi)始轉(zhuǎn)向菲律賓的制造行業(yè),菲律賓出于構(gòu)建、完善國(guó)家的工業(yè)行業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的需要,也就沒(méi)有對(duì)制造業(yè)進(jìn)行菲化限定。故而,菲律賓的經(jīng)濟(jì)民族化運(yùn)動(dòng)也在一定程度上促進(jìn)了菲律賓社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整。不過(guò),由于歷史和現(xiàn)實(shí)因素的限制,菲律賓的經(jīng)濟(jì)民族化政策對(duì)美僑“法外開(kāi)恩”。以美國(guó)僑民在菲律賓的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力,菲律賓政府不觸動(dòng)美國(guó)僑民在菲律賓的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益就無(wú)法真正實(shí)現(xiàn)民族經(jīng)濟(jì)完全獨(dú)立的訴求。此外,菲律賓政府在推行經(jīng)濟(jì)民族化運(yùn)動(dòng)的同時(shí)嚴(yán)格限制外僑歸化菲律賓,因此在菲的外僑(尤其是華僑)難以通過(guò)歸化入籍的形式避開(kāi)菲化法令的影響,這一點(diǎn)也是菲律賓經(jīng)濟(jì)民族化運(yùn)動(dòng)的獨(dú)特之處。文章一共分為三個(gè)部分。第一部分為前言,包括了選題緣由及意義、國(guó)內(nèi)外研究的成果、論文的理論依據(jù)、史料來(lái)源、寫作方法、創(chuàng)新與不足以及相關(guān)基礎(chǔ)概念的界定。第二部分為正文,由五章組成。第一章介紹了菲律賓獨(dú)立之后發(fā)生經(jīng)濟(jì)民族化運(yùn)動(dòng)的原因,包括歷史因素、文化因素、政府因素、偏激的民族主義以及冷戰(zhàn)因素等。第二章、第三章、第四章分別闡述了菲律賓經(jīng)濟(jì)民族化運(yùn)動(dòng)的初期、蓬勃發(fā)展階段和趨于平緩狀態(tài)并結(jié)束階段的相關(guān)情況——主要包含菲化提案的提出狀況,并對(duì)相應(yīng)階段內(nèi)影響深遠(yuǎn)的菲化案進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的分析,是菲律賓經(jīng)濟(jì)民族化運(yùn)動(dòng)動(dòng)態(tài)發(fā)展的一個(gè)完整歷史過(guò)程。第五章分析菲律賓經(jīng)濟(jì)民族化運(yùn)動(dòng)的影響:包括對(duì)華僑經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響、對(duì)菲律賓經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)的影響以及對(duì)菲律賓社會(huì)融合的影響。第三部分為結(jié)語(yǔ),從在菲華僑的角度和菲律賓國(guó)家的角度對(duì)菲律賓經(jīng)濟(jì)民族化運(yùn)動(dòng)進(jìn)行總體的評(píng)價(jià)。
[Abstract]:After the Philippines became independent, it began the process of nation-state construction, which was manifested in the pursuit of economic independence in the economic field. The national economic nationalization movement in the Philippines was also anti-communist because of the cold war in Asia, and was marked by anti-China in the late 1940s. The international atmosphere of the Cold War made the Philippines feel afraid of communism, and the existence of overseas Chinese was regarded by the Philippine authorities as a factor of instability. The Filipino nationalists strongly advocated the implementation of the economic nationalization policy, and a series of economic Filipino cases came into being. Among these Filipino cases, the most influential ones were those involving the Filipino stalls in the public food market. Retail commercial phenanthrene case, millet industry phenanthrene case, etc. Because the number of overseas Chinese accounts for the largest proportion of all foreign nationals and most of them are engaged in commercial activities, therefore, in this case, the economic behavior of foreigners is excluded. In the economic nationalization movement to improve the economic status of their own people, the impact on overseas Chinese is the deepest. In order to seek development, overseas Chinese with capital began to turn to the manufacturing industry in the Philippines, and the Philippines began to build up. The need to improve the industrial and industrial structure of the country does not limit the Filipino manufacturing industry. Therefore, the Philippine economic nationalization movement has to a certain extent promoted the adjustment of the Philippine social and economic structure. Due to the limitations of historical and practical factors, the Philippine economic nationalization policy has "exonerated" the American overseas Chinese by taking into account the economic strength of the American diaspora in the Philippines. Without touching the economic interests of the American diaspora in the Philippines, the Philippine government cannot really achieve the full independence of the national economy. In addition, the Philippine government, while promoting the economic nationalization movement, strictly restricts the naturalization of foreign nationals to the Philippines. Therefore, it is difficult for foreigners (especially overseas Chinese) in the Philippines to avoid the influence of the Philippine laws through naturalization, which is also a unique feature of the Philippine economic nationalization movement. The article is divided into three parts. The first part is the preface. Including the reason and significance of the topic, the research results at home and abroad, the theoretical basis of the paper, the source of historical data, writing methods, innovation and insufficiency, as well as the definition of related basic concepts. The first chapter introduces the causes of the nationalization of the economy after the independence of the Philippines, including historical factors, cultural factors, government factors, extreme nationalism and cold war factors. The fourth chapter describes the initial stage of the Philippine economic nationalization movement, the stage of vigorous development and the stage of levelling and ending-mainly including the status of the Philippine proposal. And to carry on the detailed analysis to the relevant stage profound influence Philippines case, It is a complete historical process of the dynamic development of the nationalization movement of the Philippine economy. Chapter five analyzes the influence of the nationalization movement of the Philippine economy, including the influence on the overseas Chinese economy. The third part is the conclusion, from the point of view of the Filipino overseas Chinese and the Filipino nation, the overall evaluation of the Philippine economic nationalization movement.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K341.5

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