本文選題：英格蘭　切入點(diǎn)：13世紀(jì)　出處：《河南大學(xué)》2008年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 13世紀(jì)初,英國(guó)南部對(duì)外貿(mào)易格局出現(xiàn)重大變化,由原來的整體貿(mào)易呈現(xiàn)出向東南、西南兩個(gè)方向發(fā)展的態(tài)勢(shì),即本文所述之兩翼貿(mào)易格局。東南以佛蘭德斯為核心,經(jīng)香檳、萊茵蘭兩條路線通向阿爾卑斯山以南地區(qū);西南以加斯科尼為核心,囊括法國(guó)南部和伊比利亞北部,并穿過比斯開—利翁地峽通往地中海地區(qū)。東南貿(mào)易路線的貿(mào)易以羊毛和布為主,同時(shí)包含其它一些商品;西南貿(mào)易路線則以葡萄酒為大宗貿(mào)易商品。 兩翼貿(mào)易格局在13世紀(jì)最初的十幾年中形成,跨越幾乎整個(gè)13世紀(jì)。不過,到該世紀(jì)末,兩翼貿(mào)易格局出現(xiàn)新的變化,西線開始拋棄比斯開—利翁地峽,轉(zhuǎn)而繞道直布羅陀海峽從海路直達(dá)地中海;東線則逐漸撇開傳統(tǒng)的香檳路線,轉(zhuǎn)而走東邊的萊茵路線。這樣,到14世紀(jì)初兩翼貿(mào)易格局最終轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椴剂_代爾圓圈。 兩翼貿(mào)易格局的影響最明顯不過:英國(guó)從中受益很大,為英國(guó)在14世紀(jì)走向強(qiáng)大奠定了基礎(chǔ);法國(guó)在商業(yè)上開始落后于英格蘭,由百年戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)初期法國(guó)的慘敗可見一斑。 本文分為四個(gè)部分: 第一部分,論述兩翼貿(mào)易格局形成之前的貿(mào)易格局以及兩翼貿(mào)易格局的形成。 第二、三部分,分別論述西南、東南兩條貿(mào)易路線的具體內(nèi)容及特點(diǎn)。 第四部分,論述13世紀(jì)末至14世紀(jì)初,兩翼貿(mào)易格局的演變、發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of 13th century, the foreign trade pattern in the south of Britain changed greatly, and the former overall trade showed a trend of development to the southeast and southwest, that is, the two-wing trade pattern described in this paper. In the southeast, Flanders is the core, and Champagne is the core. Two routes from Rhineland to the south of the Alps; in the south-west, with Gasconi as the core, it covers southern France and northern Iberia. The southeastern trade route is dominated by wool and cloth and includes some other commodities, while the southwestern trade route is wine as a major trade commodity. The two-wing trade pattern was formed in the first ten years of 13th century, spanning almost the whole of 13th century. However, by the end of the century, new changes had taken place in the trade pattern of the two wings, and the western line began to abandon Bisca-Liondixia. Instead of crossing the Strait of Gibraltar from the sea to the Mediterranean, the eastern route gradually shifted away from the traditional Champagne route to the eastern Rhine route. By early 14th century, the trade pattern between the two wings had finally changed into a Baudell circle. The impact of the two-wing trade pattern was most evident: Britain benefited greatly, laying the foundation for Britain to become strong in 14th century, and France began to lag behind England commercially, as evidenced by the tragic defeat of France in the early years of the Centenary War. This paper is divided into four parts:. The first part discusses the trade pattern before the formation of the two wings trade pattern and the formation of the two wings trade pattern. The second and third parts respectively discuss the concrete contents and characteristics of two trade routes: southwest and southeast. Part 4th discusses the evolution and development of the two-wing trade pattern from the end of 13th century to the beginning of 14th century.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號(hào)】：K561.4

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本文編號(hào)：1642534