發(fā)布時間：2018-03-07 15:11

  本文選題：波羅的海　切入點：谷物貿(mào)易　出處：《天津師范大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：中世紀至近代早期,北海-波羅的海貿(mào)易區(qū)是當時歐洲的重要國際貿(mào)易中心,其區(qū)域歷史為不少歷史學家所關(guān)注。而作為此貿(mào)易區(qū)很關(guān)鍵的谷物貿(mào)易則成為了中世紀至近代早期歐洲最重要的經(jīng)濟活動之一。本文旨在考查14-19世紀波羅的海谷物貿(mào)易發(fā)展的大體脈絡(luò),揭示北海-波羅的海貿(mào)易區(qū)是如何發(fā)展起來的,以及在這六個世紀里這一區(qū)域的谷物貿(mào)易從發(fā)展繁榮到相對衰落又起伏發(fā)展的整個變化歷程,以及波羅的海谷物貿(mào)易的發(fā)展對當時歐洲社會經(jīng)濟所產(chǎn)生的影響。通過對波羅的海谷物貿(mào)易的研究,還可以使我們從一個區(qū)域貿(mào)易的視角,來透視歐洲經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的全局和趨勢。 全文除“前言”和“結(jié)語”外,正文共分三章。 第一章論述波羅的海谷物貿(mào)易的形成與發(fā)展。首先從波羅的海的自然地理環(huán)境和北歐商人的早期貿(mào)易開拓兩方面來探討北海-波羅的海貿(mào)易圈是如何發(fā)展起來的。接著從五個特殊的歷史時期分析了波羅的海谷物貿(mào)易的發(fā)展過程。從一個宏觀的歷史視野把握了14-19世紀波羅的海谷物貿(mào)易的階段性發(fā)展脈絡(luò),從而使我們對波羅的海谷物貿(mào)易情況有一個基本了解。 第二章主要考察波羅的海谷物貿(mào)易兩端的社會經(jīng)濟變化。這兩端分別是東面供應(yīng)谷物的波羅的海沿岸各地和西面銷售谷物的貿(mào)易中心即荷蘭的阿姆斯特丹。這一貿(mào)易兩端的社會經(jīng)濟變化,直接構(gòu)成了波羅的海谷物貿(mào)易發(fā)展的背景,無疑制約著這一貿(mào)易的演變態(tài)勢；反過來,谷物貿(mào)易的演變,也對兩端的社會經(jīng)濟起著一定的影響。 第三章主要論述14-19世紀波羅的海谷物貿(mào)易對整個西歐歷史的影響。首先,波羅的海貿(mào)易對荷蘭產(chǎn)生的巨大經(jīng)濟影響是里程碑式的,谷物貿(mào)易被認為是荷蘭近代早期的經(jīng)濟支柱。此外,正是由于波羅的海谷物貿(mào)易的興盛,使得像意大利和安特衛(wèi)普這些大城市的糧食供給得到了保障。通過分析這幾個典型國家的經(jīng)濟變化來窺探整個歐洲社會經(jīng)濟的變化。
[Abstract]:From the Middle Ages to the early modern times, the Bei-Baltic Sea Trade area was an important international trade center in Europe at that time. Its regional history has attracted the attention of many historians, and the grain trade, which is a key part of the trade zone, has become one of the most important economic activities in Europe from the Middle Ages to the early modern times. The purpose of this paper is to examine the Baltic Valley in the 14-19 century. The general context of the development of trade in things, Revealing how the Bei-Baltic Sea Trade area developed, and the whole evolution of the region's grain trade from prosperity to relative decline and ups and downs over the past six centuries, Through the study of Baltic grain trade, we can also see the overall situation and trend of European economic development from the perspective of a regional trade. In addition to the preface and the conclusion, the text is divided into three chapters. The first chapter discusses the formation and development of the grain trade in the Baltic Sea. Firstly, from the natural geographical environment of the Baltic Sea and the early trade development of the northern European merchants, this paper discusses how the Bei-Baltic Sea trade circle develops. Then it analyzes the development process of the Baltic grain trade from five special historical periods. From a macroscopic historical perspective, it grasps the stages of the development of the Baltic grain trade in the 14-19 century. So that we have a basic understanding of the Baltic grain trade. The second chapter focuses on the socio-economic changes at the two ends of the Baltic grain trade. The two ends are the eastern grain supply along the Baltic coast and the west side of the grain trade center, namely Amsterdam, the Netherlands. The social and economic changes at both ends of the trade, It directly constitutes the background of the development of grain trade in the Baltic Sea, which undoubtedly restricts the evolution of this trade. In turn, the evolution of grain trade also has a certain impact on the social economy at both ends. The third chapter mainly discusses the influence of the grain trade in the Baltic Sea on the whole history of Western Europe in the 14-19 century. Firstly, the enormous economic impact of the Baltic trade on the Netherlands is a milestone. The grain trade was regarded as the mainstay of the Dutch economy in the early modern times. In addition, it was precisely because of the prosperity of the Baltic grain trade, Food supplies in large cities such as Italy and Antwerp have been secured by analyzing the economic changes in these typical countries to explore the socio-economic changes in Europe as a whole.
【學位授予單位】：天津師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F75;K107
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本文編號：1579810