本文選題：色諾芬　切入點：希臘志　出處：《東北師范大學(xué)》2008年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 色諾芬是古希臘歷史上一位十分重要的史家,他被西方學(xué)者歸為“古希臘三大史家”之一,與希羅多德和修昔底德比肩齊名。但與兩位前輩相比,色諾芬既無希氏的創(chuàng)史之魄,又欠修氏的嚴謹之風(fēng),故后世對色諾芬本人的評價亦遠遜于二者。 《希臘志》是色諾芬主要歷史著作之一,其歷史記載的時間斷限上接修昔底德輟筆之處即公元前411年,下限到曼丁尼亞戰(zhàn)役結(jié)束即公元前362年。在古希臘歷史上,公元前五、四世紀是社會變動、政治變亂、思想變化的一個重要時期。作為一親歷者,色諾芬以寬廣的視角,簡約明了的敘事手段記錄下那一時期的人與事,其作品的獨特之處更是我們關(guān)注的焦點。記載公元前四世紀的古希臘史事的諸多史著或遺失不見,或殘缺不全,使得色諾芬的《希臘志》成為記載那段時期古希臘歷史的重要憑依,其史料價值的重要性不言自明。 《希臘志》是一部承前啟后的歷史著作,希羅多德和修昔底德的作品是色諾芬寫作希臘史所要參照的歷史坐標(biāo),在敘事方式、故事情節(jié)等方面無一不顯露出其前輩們的史學(xué)影響;色諾芬尊崇斯巴達人的德行,《希臘志》中的道德教化功能漸被后世學(xué)者所認識;《希臘志》的另一特點是敬神觀念,向神獻祭、解釋神諭是古希臘人的日�；顒�;色諾芬的斯巴達想象常被人誤認為他有斯巴達傾向,遂引起對其史德的批判:豐富的人生經(jīng)歷、開闊的史學(xué)視野使色諾芬成為泛希臘主義的代表之一,這些極大地影響了后來的史家們及他們的作品。 色諾芬的《希臘志》是能夠使其無愧于“古希臘三大史家”稱號的一部經(jīng)典之作,其行文間接、清新明快、內(nèi)容翔實、觀點鮮明。但是由于寫作的方法、目的、立場以及風(fēng)格等與前人,特別是修昔底德迥異,所以近世被眾人所詬病,以致于對他的研究和重視陷于停滯。近二十多年來,西方史學(xué)界對色諾芬之《希臘志》的整理、注疏和解讀重又出現(xiàn),蔚然成風(fēng),且成績突出。故對其《希臘志》的史學(xué)價值得以重新估量,正確對待。本文基于色諾芬《希臘志》的原著以及近二十年來的最新研究成果,力圖重新評析著者及其作品。
[Abstract]:Xenophon is a very important historian in the history of ancient Greece. He was classified as one of the "three great historians of ancient Greece" by Western scholars, and was known as Herodotus and Thucydides. Due to the lack of strict style of Xiu's, later generations also appraised Xenophon himself much less than both. Greek Chronicles is one of the main historical works of Xenophon, whose historical time limit is followed by Thucydides' drop pen in 411 BC, the lower limit to the end of the Battle of Mandinia, that is, 362 BC. In ancient Greek history, 5 BC, 4th century was an important period of social change, political upheaval, and ideological change. As an experienced person, Xenophon recorded the people and events of that period in a broad perspective and simple narrative. The uniqueness of his works is the focus of our attention. Many of the historical works that recorded the history of ancient Greece in 4th century BC were lost, lost, or incomplete. The Greek chronicles of Xenophon became an important basis for recording the Greek history of that period, and the importance of its historical value was self-evident. Greek Chronicles is a historical work connecting the past and the future. The works of Herodotus and Thucydides are the historical coordinates that Xenophen should refer to in the writing of Greek history, in the way of narration. The historical influence of his predecessors was revealed in all aspects of the story plot; Sanofen respected the virtue of the Spartans, and the function of moral enlightenment in the Greek Book was gradually recognized by later generations; another characteristic of the Greek Book was the concept of deity. Offering sacrifices to God, explaining that the oracle was the daily activity of the ancient Greeks; Spartan's Spartan imagination was often mistaken for his Spartan tendencies, which led to criticism of his morality: rich life experiences, The broad view of historiography made Xenophon one of the representatives of pan-Hellenism, which greatly influenced the later historians and their works. Xenophon's Greek Chronicles is a classic that can make it worthy of the title of "the three great historians of ancient Greece". Its wording is indirect, fresh and lively, full of substance and bright points of view. But because of the method of writing, the purpose, His position and style are quite different from those of his predecessors, especially Thucydides, so they have been criticized in modern times, and his research and attention have stalled. For more than 20 years, Western historians have organized Sanovine's Greek Chronicles. The historical value of the Greek Chronicles has been reassessed and treated correctly. This paper is based on the original works of Xenophon and the latest research results in the past 20 years. Trying to reassess the author and his work.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：K545.0

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 楊彪;色諾芬及其史學(xué)成就[J];歷史教學(xué)問題;1995年06期

，

本文編號：1574858